Term
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Definition
| the theory that has the assumption that most mental activity of a person is UNCONSCIOUS. This theory focuses on personality development and factors that motivate behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
Jewish
Studied medicine and had a lot of success in medicine. Struggled with his own emotional problems and tried to do self analysis such as analyzing the meaning of his dreams. He concluded that he had hostility for his father and also realized he had sexual feeling for his mother. |
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Term
Ego - Defense Mechanism
(Psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| helps the individual cope with anxiety and prevents the ego from being overwhelmed. |
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Term
| Stages of the Psychosexual Development |
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Definition
1. Oral
2. Anal
3. Phallic These are the stages
4. Latency that affect
5. Genital personality.
A person can get "stuck" in one stage and not progress.
The first 6 years are crucial |
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Term
Examples of Ego Defense Mechanisms
(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
Repression
Denial
Reaction Formation
Projection
Displacement
Rationalization
Regression
Introjection |
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Term
| Examples of Ego-Defense Mechanisms |
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Definition
1. Repression
2. Denial
3. Reaction formation
4. Projections
5. Displacement
6. Rationalization
7. Regression |
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Term
| Repression (psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
Most important process of Freud's
Removal of something from the conscious mind to the unconscious. |
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Term
| Suppression(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| A conscious thought to put a bad event out of your mind. |
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Term
| Rationalization(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| A concept that if the Ego was rejected by someone, then something was wrong with the other person. ex. " he was too short anyway". To justify rejection |
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Term
| Displacement(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| Deal with a situation that is not as threatening to you. ex. you get mad at your boss so you yell at the kids. Place your anger somewhere else. |
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Term
| Projection (psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| Blaming others for a problem that you have. Defending yourself. |
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Term
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Definition
| Development phase that takes place in the infant stage where everything is centered around satisfying with the mouth like breast feeding |
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Term
| Anal Stage(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| The stage that infants /toddlers learn potty training. |
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Term
| Phallic Stage(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
Unconscious desires that kids develop for their parents.
Oedipus complex
Electra complex |
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Term
| Oedipus Complex(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| All male children are attracted to their mom, urge to get rid of dad. |
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Term
| Electra Complex(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| The phallic stage that daughters are attracted to their father. Jealousy toward mother, penis envy. |
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Term
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Definition
| The psychosexual stage that is a break and there is more socializing that takes place. |
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Term
| Genital Stage(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| Stage of psychosexual development that is in the teen years and has the focus of sexual desires. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sexual energy, expression of love and pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| Original system of personality, present at birth. Seeks pleasure and has demands "I want it now" |
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Term
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Definition
Keeps the Id in check. Like the parent.
Has contact with reality compared to the Id. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person's moral code. Is an action good, bad, right or wrong. Non compromising and tries to get the ego to side with it. |
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Term
| Structures of Personality(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "stuck" in a stage of psychosexual. Obsessive preoccupation in one of the stages. |
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Term
| Free Association(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| to lie on the couch and say whatever is on their mind. |
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Term
| Transference(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| Client projects feelings onto the therapist. Unconscious is shifting to feelings from the past. |
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Term
| Countertransference(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| The therapist turns feelings onto the client from their unconscious |
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Term
| Resistance(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| to resist, unconscious obstruction |
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Term
| Life Instincts(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| Instincts that have the purpose of survival of the individual, oriented toward growth and development |
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Term
| Death Instincts(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| Accounts for an aggressive drive. Some people manifest through their behavior an unconscious wish to die. |
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Term
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Definition
| Focus on psychosocial development that contained 8 stages as compared to Freud's psychosexual 5 stages. |
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Term
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Definition
Worked with Freud.
Analytical Psychology- we are influenced by our past and future.Abandoned Freud's theory of sex. Focus on the analysis of dreams and bringing things to the conscious mind. |
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Term
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Definition
| Focus on Object Relations Theory. Opposite of Freud's Oedipus, Electra complex Theory. Mahler focussed on the attachment between a parent and child. |
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Term
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Definition
| Analytic treatment that explores the unconscious internalization of external objects like people. The child becomes attached to an object which is a caregiver |
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Term
| Maintain the analytical framework |
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Definition
Range of procedures
regularity and consistency of meetings
starting and ending sessions on time
consistency is an important therapeutic factor much like feeding a baby on time |
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Term
| Interpretation(psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| A process used in Freud's therapy process where the therapist points out, explains and teaches the client the meaning of behavior from dreams, free association, resistance and the client / therapist relationship |
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Term
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Definition
Educated with Freud
Competition with older brother, always felt inferior
Very ill and had a lot to overcome |
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Term
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Definition
theory that focuses on social being, inferiority feelings which motivate a person.theory was also of goal oriented
and that people work more in the conscious than unconscious mind. People need to be understood holistic rather than in parts |
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Term
| Humanistic therapy(Adlerian) |
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Definition
| approaches that seek to foster personal growth through direct contact |
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Term
| Individual Psychology (Adlerian) |
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Definition
| Adler's approach that stressed understanding the whole person, all dimensions of a person are all connected components |
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Term
| Social Psychology(Adlerian) |
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Definition
| The study of how an individual's thoughts, feelings and actions are affected by the presence of other people. |
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Term
| Social Interest (Adlerian) |
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Definition
| An action line of one's community feeling and involves the individual's positive attitude toward other people. |
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Term
| Early Recollections(Adlerian) |
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Definition
| Stories and events that a person says occurred before he or she was 10 years old. |
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Term
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Definition
| most powerful method available for changing a person's beliefs, to help the client build self esteem and confidence. |
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Term
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Definition
| to be negative, can cause emotional death in a client |
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Term
| Family Constellations(Adlerian) |
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Definition
information gathered in a questionnaire,
includes parents, siblings and others at home, life tasks and early recollections. This gives a picture of the persons early recollections |
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Term
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Definition
set of experiences
most important is the individual's perception of where they place in the family |
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Term
| Inferiority feelings/complex(Adlerian) |
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Definition
| feeling of inadequacy and insecurity which is imagined from psychological and or physical deficiency and help motivate us to strive for success |
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Term
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Definition
| opinion of one's abilities and accomplishments, moving from a lower to higher position |
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Term
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Definition
| developed while striving for goals , our behaviors fit together to provide consistency |
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Term
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Definition
| a way of thinking about life and living, help client find meaning and purpose in life. |
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Term
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Definition
| a characteristic that people are able to choose among alternatives and shaping their destiny. Implies that we are responsible for our life and choices of actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| accountability for actions and life choices |
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Term
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Definition
| helps clients find meaning in life. getting in touch |
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Term
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Definition
| provides a view of human history that does not focus on past events , but motivates individuals to look forward to an authentic experience. |
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Term
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Definition
| living to be true to our own evaluation, courage to be who we are |
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Term
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Definition
Existentialist
unhappy life experiences
struggled with anxiety and learned how to cope |
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Term
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Definition
| Jewish, lost entire family in concentrations camps, but still looked for the positive |
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Term
| 6 Components of Existentialism |
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Definition
1. capacity of self awareness
2. freedom and responsibility
3. striving for identity and relationships with others
4. search for meaning
5. anxiety
6. awareness of death |
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Term
| capacity of self awareness |
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Definition
| reflect on life and make choices, we increase our awareness to live life fully |
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Term
| freedom and responsibility |
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Definition
| we can make our own choices in life and should be responsible for those choices |
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Term
| identity and relationships |
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Definition
| most important relationship is with ourself, we can branch out to other relationships once we accept ourself |
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Term
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Definition
find significance in life
Do you like the direction of your life? |
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Term
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Definition
| everyone lives with this component, but needs to know how to cope for a healthy life |
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Term
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Definition
| basic human condition that motivates life |
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Term
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Definition
| two relationships related between to people, not a person and object |
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Term
| Person centered counseling |
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Definition
| based on concepts from humanistic psychology. |
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Term
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Definition
Developed the humanistic movement
grew up lonely and focused on academics |
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Term
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Definition
| psychology that focuses on the fact that a person has the capacity to make their own choices.,create their own lifestyle, approach is holistic |
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Term
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Definition
| therapists are real; genuine, authentic during the therapy experience with their client. Their inner and outer experience can match and they can express their feelings and thoughts. |
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Term
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Definition
deep understanding of the client, not sympathy
therapist shares the clients world by tuning in to their own feelings that are like the clients |
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Term
| Accurate Empathic Understanding |
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Definition
| therapist senses the feelings as if they were his own without becoming list in those feelings this helps the client with self understanding |
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Term
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Definition
to become fully functioning; why we do what we do
development of abilities |
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Term
| Unconditional Positive Regard |
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Definition
| An attitude that therapists need to communicate to the client is of a deep and genuine caring attitude for the client.There is no evaluation or judgement |
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Term
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Definition
| provided a powerful and alternative to the directive approach to counseling. Therapists avoid sharing a great deal about themselves with clients and focus mainly on reflecting and clarifying the client's verbal communications |
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Term
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Definition
Goals:
1. make the unconscious / conscious
2. assist clients in reliving past conflicts
3. Strengthen the ego so behavior is more reality |
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Term
| Freudian Therapist Function/Role |
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Definition
"blank screen", very little disclosure
fosters a transference relationship
help client in self awareness , freedom
therapist is a good listener and decides when to make interpretations and listens for gaps |
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Term
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Definition
"talk therapy"
listen to the client
lie on a couch/ relaxation
first a working relationship is established before listening occurs
more like putting a puzzle together, therapy will not be affective if the client is pushed |
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Term
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Definition
To develop life goals with the client
Encourage the client |
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Term
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Definition
Help clients in changing their life story.
Gather information about the clients style of living by means of a questionnaire and family constellation, early recollections |
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Term
| Adlerian therapeutic process |
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Definition
More attention is made toward the client experience. Gather early recollection, family constellations,
Offer encouragement, not discourage
share interpretations
Set goals
Dreams may also be used as a useful tool to assessment. |
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Term
| Existential Therapy Goals |
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Definition
Help the client see that they are free. Help client realize that they are responsible for their actions and choices
Acceptance of existance |
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Term
| Existential Therapy Therapeutic Relationship |
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Definition
| Therapists main task is to understand the clients being in the world. Authenticity of the relationship is stressed. |
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Term
| Existential Therapist Role |
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Definition
Incorporate other techniques from other theories, this is "eclectic"
Help the client make choice and not to focus on the past.Invite clients to be responsible. May hold up a mirror and have the client engage in self confrontation. |
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Term
| Existentialism Therapeutic process |
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Definition
Help the client move toward authenticity
teach clients what they already know about themselves. Support clients in confronting their anxiety
Increase awareness is the main goal |
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Term
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Definition
Provide a safe climate so that the client can self explore.
Great trust, to find meaning in life and to experience life fully. Client sets the agenda
Self Actualization- to become fully functioning
Focus on the person and not the problem |
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Term
| Person- Centered therapist role |
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Definition
Therapist should have a positive good attitude
Therapist should not have a definite role.Therapist should be present and accessible to the client. Therapist should be genuine, respectful, authentic, supportive and accepting. Therapist does not ask probing questions |
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Term
| Person Centered Therapeutic Relationship |
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Definition
| A good relationship is very important.genuineness,caring, warmth, empathy , respect and nonjudgemental |
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Term
| Person Centered Therapy Process |
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Definition
Few techniques are used in this therapy
Attitudes are stressed (positive)
No assessments or testing are done. |
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Term
| Person Centered therapeutic climate |
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Definition
| Safe surroundings, that help the client grow |
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Term
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Definition
| Existential process based approach created that individuals must be understood |
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Term
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Definition
| Uncritically accept others beliefs and standards |
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Term
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Definition
| Disown aspects of ourselves by assigning them to the environment. The attributes are our personality that are inconsistent with our self-image |
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Term
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Definition
| turning back onto ourselves what we would like to do to someone else. self mutilation |
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Term
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Definition
| distraction or veering off , difficult to maintain contact, speaking through or for others |
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Term
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Definition
blurring the differentiation between self and the environment
Absence of conflicts. |
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Term
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Definition
Focus is on observable behavior, learning experiences, treats a wide range of psychological disorders with different populations
anxiety disorders, depression, substance abuse, eating disorders, domestic violence, sexual problems, pain management |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves addition of something of value to the individual(praise, attention, money)as a consequence to a behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves the escape from or the avoidance of aversive (unpleasant) stimuli. Individual is motivated to exhibit a desired behavior to avoid unpleasant conditions. |
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Term
| Systematic desensitization |
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Definition
based on the principle of classical conditioning is a basic behavioral procedure developed by Wolpe
Clients engage in behavior that competes with anxiety. |
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Term
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Definition
comprehensive, systematic, holistic approach to behavior therapy
Grounded by social learning and cognitive theory and applies diverse behavioral techniques to a wide range of problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| cognitive map that links each aspect of the personality. |
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Term
| Basic Characteristics and Assumptions of Behavior therpay |
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Definition
| 1. Behavior is based on the principles and procedures of the scientific method |
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Term
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Definition
1. Build RElationships
2. Explore the individual psychological dynamics
3. encourage self understanding
4. reorientaton |
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Term
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Definition
1. Education
2. Love, intimacy
3. Social interests |
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Term
| 4 characteristics of Existentialism |
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Definition
1. aware of life experiences( positive or negative)
2. ability to live fully
3. Trust own self
4. Sense of freedom and power |
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Term
| 3 Conditions of Psychological Growth in Existentialism |
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Definition
1. Congruence in the therapist and client relationship
2. Therapist shows total acceptance
3.Empathy |
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