Term
| Interrelated concepts for Bowen |
|
Definition
differentiation of self
triangles
nuclear family emotional process
family projection process
multigenerational transmission process
sibling position |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| differentiation of self for individual family members |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| therapist must be sufficiently differentitated from own family so reactivity is minimal |
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|
Term
| Bowen therapy - model type |
|
Definition
| not problem-solving or solution-focused but growth model |
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|
Term
| Contextual Family Therapy - model |
|
Definition
| emphasis on fairness and applying accounting tenets to human psychology |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inherently and fairly due and what each accrues based on behavior toward each other |
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|
Term
| Contextual family therapy goal |
|
Definition
| action leading to a balanced of self-validation and fair accountability |
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|
Term
| Dimensions of Contextual Family Therapy |
|
Definition
Facts
Psycholodyg (thoughts)
transactions
relational ethics |
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|
Term
| Contextual term - loyalty |
|
Definition
| derives combination of internalized expectations and obligations to family of origin |
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|
Term
| Contextual family therapy goal |
|
Definition
| clients to free themselves from invisible loyalties, take responsibility for behaviors toward others |
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|
Term
| Contextual therapeutic stance |
|
Definition
| multidirectional partiality - advocate for each person |
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|
Term
| Contextual 4 therapeutic stance components |
|
Definition
encourage open negotiations of ledge issues
exploration of loyalty
deparentification
actions address inequities |
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Term
|
Definition
| goal is not insight but accept imbalances |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| listening, respond to unconscious material, interpreting, working with transference and countertransference material |
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|
Term
| Object Relations - goal of therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Object Relations concepts |
|
Definition
| repressed systems within ego |
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|
Term
| Object Relations intervention |
|
Definition
| interpretation - therapist hypothesis make unconscious material available |
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|
Term
| Strategic therapy model concepts |
|
Definition
| focus on current family communication patterns that serve to maintain problem |
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Term
|
Definition
| goals that derive from the problem/symptom presented |
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|
Term
| use of resistance by applying specific strategies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| faulty cycles of interaction |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| ways that families correct a deviation in family functioning so as to return it to a previous state of homeostasis |
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Term
|
Definition
| a rise as a family attempts to add new information into the system |
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Term
|
Definition
| determine feedback loops that govern faulty behavior patterns by observing repetitive patterns of family interactions |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| family patterns of interaction or sequences at behavioral level only |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| family rules or beliefs that govern family behaviors or reactions are altered |
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Term
|
Definition
| estimation of behaviors maintaining problem - certain behaviors are assumed to be maintaining problem |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| reframing, paradoxical interventions, |
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|
Term
| Paradoxical interventions |
|
Definition
| symptom prescription - continue to perform problem |
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|
Term
| MRI intervention - restraining technique |
|
Definition
| warned of dangers of change - go slowly |
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|
Term
| Intervention - MRI - positioning |
|
Definition
| therapist amplifies family's explanation of problem to a point that the family will disagree |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| therapy ends when behavioral change objectives are met |
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|
Term
| Hayley & Madanes - Strategic, concept |
|
Definition
| symptoms stem from faulty organization within the family and serve a function in maintaining its structure and homeostasis |
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Term
|
Definition
| critical - an individual is more disturbed in direct proportion to the number of malfunctioning hierarchies in which he is embedded |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| created when children use symptoms to try to change their parents |
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Term
|
Definition
| to alter the sequences of interactions but also change the structure of family |
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|
Term
| All members living in home present in therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1st task - decide who is being protected by child's behavior |
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|
Term
| strategic paradoxial interventions |
|
Definition
| dramatizations pretending and make believe play |
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|
Term
| Madannes dilemma between love and violence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depression, eating disorders |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strategic intervention - a parent is directed to request her child intentionally perfrom problem behavior |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Madanes directs parents to ask child to pretend to have the symptom and the parents to pretend to help the child |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| when a child protects her parents through symptomatic behavior she is helping them covertly |
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|
Term
| Structural approach to Anorexia - goal |
|
Definition
| to provoke a runaway positive feedback loop which throws the famiy outof equilibrium and increases stress |
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|
Term
| Mara Selvini Palazzoli, Luigi Boscolo, Gianfranco Cecchin, Guilian Prata |
|
Definition
| Milan Systemic Family Therapy |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| grew out of Bateson's work on cybernetics problems as being maintained by interactional sequences |
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|
Term
| Milan theortectical stance |
|
Definition
| neutral stance towards therapy outcome |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| avoide linear causality - assigns positive motive or value to each behavior |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| enhance positive connotation or require family to either exaggerate or violate family rules |
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|
Term
| hypothesing, circularity, neutrality |
|
Definition
| focused on processes that occurred during therapy session - interventions from Milan |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| assessment tool which the therapist begins exploration into family system and invites them to investigate |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| attributes of member to member interactions and to form of ineractions between therapist and family |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| no need to say problem is useful, only that people have gooten used to it |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| assumed adversarial style - therapist v families (resistance) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Structural Family Therapy |
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|
Term
| Structural model conception |
|
Definition
| families as operating according to consistent, learned structures problems ocur when usual way of responding has become stuck for lack of alternatives |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| behavior sequences, rules that govern interactions and context that influences rules |
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|
Term
| Structural therapist role |
|
Definition
| direction, attends to process than content, observes reactions |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| basic organization of family must change |
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|
Term
| Goals of Structural model |
|
Definition
| correct dysfunction hierarchies by putting parents in chargeof children and differentiate between subsystems |
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|
Term
| Structural model - theory of normal development |
|
Definition
| family structure develops through repitition and external context |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| hypothetical line of demarcation that serves to protect the autonomy of a family and its subsystems by managing proximity and hierarchy |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| rigid boundaries that are restructive and permit little contact with outside subsystems |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| diffuse boundaries are permeable and permit easy contact with other subsystems |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| independent isolated - not warm |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| affection- lack of autonomy |
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|
Term
| Structural assessment - accommodation |
|
Definition
| adjustments a therapist may make to a family in order to achieve therapeutic alliance |
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|
Term
| Structural assessment - joining |
|
Definition
| establish rapport and temporarily becomes part of the family |
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|
Term
| Structural term - mimesis |
|
Definition
| matching mood with family members |
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|
Term
| Structural assessemnt - enactment |
|
Definition
| observing specific interactions in session - Process |
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|
Term
| Structural assessment - mapping the system |
|
Definition
| simplification device so therapist can organize material - helpf to formulate hypotheses |
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|
Term
| Structural technique - intensity |
|
Definition
| degree of impact regulated |
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|
Term
| Structural technique - shaping competence |
|
Definition
| changes direction of interactions - avoid telling families what they are doing wrong |
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|
Term
| Structural technique - unbalancing |
|
Definition
| supports one family interfers with homestasis jolt structure |
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|
Term
| Structural technique - challenging assumptions |
|
Definition
| alternative views of reality |
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|
Term
| Greenber, Johnson, Kempler, Whitaker, Satir |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unblock honest emotional expression in families and to open individuals to their inner experience |
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|
Term
| Experiental model - philosophy |
|
Definition
| outgrowth of phenomenological techniques of Gestalt theory, emotional experience emphasized of intellectural reasoning |
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|
Term
| Experiential - therapist role |
|
Definition
| authentic, self-diclose, emphasize here & now |
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|
Term
| Whitaker stressed existential themes |
|
Definition
| freedom, choice, self-responsibility, anxiety and awareness of death |
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|
Term
| Symbolic-experiential - Whitaker - functional families |
|
Definition
| flexible, integrated whole - interactions across three or four integrated generations maintain its sense of history |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| nurtue and open communication |
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|
Term
| Symobolic-experiential - assessment |
|
Definition
| unstructured - focus is on suppressed emotions and impulses that block growth and fulfillment of family members |
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|
Term
| symbolic-experiential therapist role |
|
Definition
| therapist is model by being able to experience here-and-now - notice and identify suppressed emotional reactions and push for breath through of affect |
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|
Term
| symbolic-experiential directives |
|
Definition
| aimed at increasing ability to experience emotions and encourage genuine interactions |
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|
Term
| symbolic-experiential techniques - family sculpture |
|
Definition
| family members are asked to arrange others in tableaus in order to symbolically portray processes and events |
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|
Term
| Symbolic-experiential therapist advocated co-therapist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whitaker - role of therapist |
|
Definition
| expert coach not teammate |
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|
Term
| symbolic-experiential - early therapy characterized |
|
Definition
| battle for structure - family capitulate to the therapist's way of operating |
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|
Term
| Whitaker - important aspect of assessment - therapist |
|
Definition
| therapist's own responses including level of anxiety physical sensations and reactions |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| help client experience the different parts of personalities and enable to see operate as intergrated whole |
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|
Term
| Satir - technique temperature reading |
|
Definition
| between sessions family express hopes and wishes - show appreciation to each other |
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|
Term
| Satir - styles of communication |
|
Definition
| placating, avoiding, blaming, computing, leveling |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| humanistic - less behavioral model of therapy |
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|
Term
| Emotions as agent of change |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attachment theory is framework, attachment needs for contact, comfort, security and closeness |
|
|
Term
| EFT assessement/treatment steps |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assessment - create alliance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| indentify problem interactional cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| access unacknowledged emotions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reframe problems in terms of cycle changing interactional positions |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| promoting identification with disowned needs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| promoting acceptance of partners new construction of experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facilitate expression of specific needs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| facilitate new solutions to old problematic relationship |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| consolidating new positions |
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|
Term
| Kant, Maturana, Varela, Foucault, Derrida, Lynn Hoffman |
|
Definition
| Influencers to Constructivist |
|
|
Term
| Social constructionais family therapists focus |
|
Definition
| attention to language and meaning |
|
|
Term
| Models of Social Construction |
|
Definition
| Solution-focused, Narrative, Collaborate Language Systems, Inventive Questioning, Reflecting Team |
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|
Term
| Steve de Shazer, Insoo Berg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brief treatment model at MRI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| work colloboratively with client to negotiate achievable goals |
|
|
Term
| SFT - theory of normal development |
|
Definition
| do not adhere to a normative model of development, difficulties of living occur when clients engage in problem focused thinking |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| identifies exceptions, complement strengths |
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|
Term
| SFT - techniques - formula 1st session |
|
Definition
| to begin to identify strengths-clients are asked to observe lives between 1st & 2nd session to notice what they would like to continue happen |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visitor, complainant, customer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Narrative model - theory of normal development/dysfunction |
|
Definition
| does not adhere to specific notions about normal development, not dysfunctional but rather influenced by problem-saturated story |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deconstruct problem-saturated story and dominant cultural discourse |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| separate the problem from the person |
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|
Term
| Narrative technique - opening space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| narrative - sparkling events |
|
Definition
| to gather information about tiems in lives that the the family or person was able to resist effects of problem |
|
|
Term
| narrative - reconstructing and reinforcing a new narrative |
|
Definition
| reframes not really a part of narrative therapy because if reframe do not fit into persons self image desired change is unlikely |
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|
Term
| narrative - therapeutic certificates |
|
Definition
| client announces victory over the problem |
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|
Term
| Narrative - therapeutic letters |
|
Definition
| concrete reminder of client's personal successes - created by Epston |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Epston - groups of people who are working on similar problems to provide support for construction and maintenance new stories |
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|
Term
| Harlene Anderson, Harry Goolishian, Lynne Hoffman, Tom Anderson, Ken Gergen, Sheila McNamee |
|
Definition
| Collaborative Language Systems |
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|
Term
| Multimpa Impact Therapy Projects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Central components to Colloborative Language Systems |
|
Definition
| language and conversation |
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|
Term
| Colloborative language - assumptions |
|
Definition
| drawn from hermeneutics and social construction, assumes persons realtiy is socially constructed and maintained through dialogue which emerges as a narrative reality |
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|
Term
| Collaborative language - therapist stance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Collaborative - theory of normal development/dysfunction |
|
Definition
| problems and solutions are socially constructed - created through language |
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|
Term
| Collaborative - assessment |
|
Definition
| downplays techniques - does not use diagnoses, give directives or make hypotheses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is dissolution of the problem system as a result of the evolution of new meaning through the narratives and stories created |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| not solved - they are dissolved |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proponent of Milan Model - drawn to hypthesizing, circularity, and neutrality |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| questions can help families find new meaning and new ways of behaving |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| to inspire families to reflect on the meaning of their current perspectives and consider new options |
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|
Term
| future oriented questions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulate self-observation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| alter context in which the problem behavior is viewed to open up choices not yet considered |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| allow therapist to point to new possibilities |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| normalize circumstance by comparing other people in similar cases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separate components of a problem |
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|
Term
| questions introducing hypotheses |
|
Definition
| offer tentative hypotheses about meaning of problem behavior |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| create sudden shift in the therapeutic session |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reflecting Team - conceptualization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| does not take expert role, observes family and interviewing therapist, team converses with family and therapist |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Personal Construct Theory |
|
|
Term
| Personal construct theory - philosophy |
|
Definition
| follows Kant - symptomatic behavior is a means to an end |
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|
Term
| Personal construct theory - role of therapist |
|
Definition
| provides connections that might help people reformulate their questions |
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|
Term
| personal construct theory - reframing |
|
Definition
| used to change meaning of language or shift context |
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|
Term
| personal construct theory - behavior |
|
Definition
| not target for change - target is a change in meaning |
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|
Term
| Ivan Pavlov, John Watson, Joseph Wolpe, BF Skinner, Richard Stuart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| applied classical conditioning principles to human behavior |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| systemic desensitization - phobias classically conditioned |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| delineated the principles by which the frequency of a voluntary response could be increased or decreased by changing the consequence of the response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| developed behavioral marital therapy |
|
|
Term
| Behavioral model - normal development/dysfunction |
|
Definition
| do not attend to development or resistance or historical data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| behavioral model - dysfunction |
|
Definition
| dysfunctional behaviors are learned |
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|
Term
| behavioral model - functional relationship |
|
Definition
| good communication skills and problem-solving skills are most important characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to diminish problem behaviors and increase positive behaviors |
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|
Term
| behavioral model - interventions |
|
Definition
| based on operant conditioning principles |
|
|
Term
| behavioral model - treatment |
|
Definition
| time-limited and symptom focused - problem must be concrete and measurable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| record of behavior's frequency and duration prior to intervetnion |
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|
Term
| behavioral - therapist role |
|
Definition
| teacher, coach, reinforcer |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Robert Liberman & Richard Stuart |
|
Definition
| Behavioral couples therapy |
|
|
Term
| Stuart - Behavioral couples - categories |
|
Definition
| teach couples to speak in behavioral terms and not complaining, teach positive behavorial exhange process, improve communication, methods to distribute power, teach problem-solving skills |
|
|
Term
| Communication skills training |
|
Definition
| define problems in non-blame way, listen empathetically, formulate "I" statements, generate solutions, decide on solution, implement solution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Functional Family Therapy |
|
|
Term
| Functional Family Therapy (FFT) |
|
Definition
| integrates systems theory, behaviorism, and cognitive therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provide new behavior patterns to meet individual functions - indentifying interactional patterns & cognitions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rational Emotive Family therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| identify and modify irrational beliefs |
|
|
Term
| Rational Emotive - technique |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mental illness, medical illness, family enrichment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Started journal - Family Systems Medicine (Families, Systems, and Health) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| created framework for determining the interaction between qualities of an illness and characteristics of a family |
|
|
Term
| components to consider for medical illness family therapy - illness varies |
|
Definition
| onset (sudden or gradual), course (stable, progressive or unpredictable, degree of incapacitalion, outcome |
|
|
Term
| Family enrichment - role of therapist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relationship Enhancement (RE) |
|
|
Term
| Relationship Enhancement - therapist and goals |
|
Definition
| therapist works to create context in which positive changes can occur - the emphasis is on empathy |
|
|
Term
| Relationship Enhancement - areas couples receive training |
|
Definition
| express mode, epathetic mode, mode switching, facilitative mode, problem solving and conflict resolution & maintenance |
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|
Term
| Floyd, Markman, Kelly, Blumber, Stanley |
|
Definition
| Preventive Intervention and Relationship Enhancement Program (PREPARE) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| participants learn communication and conflict resolution skills and discuss expectations for marriage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of 4 to 10 couples or marathon session for 20 to 60 couples over one weekend |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Emily Visher & John Visher |
|
Definition
| Step Family Prep Programs |
|
|
Term
| Internal Family Systems (IFS) |
|
Definition
| applies systems concepts and technique to intrapsychic processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| therapists and clients collaborate and co-create changes in life storie but retains features of structural, strategic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Richard Schwartz - belief |
|
Definition
| each person has a core self |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
individual - help client differentiate core self and heal such parts
family - elicit selves of each member and bring together to deal with the extreme parts of each that are involved on problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reestablish self-leader and help family notice when parts take over - help each other develop vision of how members wants to relates, discuss impediments to development with vision, work collaborately |
|
|
Term
| IFS - attention to resistance |
|
Definition
| exiles, managers, firefighters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contain pain from last hurtful time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| try to keep the exiles and feelings contained out of consciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are used when managers fail - diffuse painful emotions with food, drugs etc |
|
|
Term
| Douglas Breunlin, Richard Schwartz, Betty MacKune Karrier |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Metaframeworks Model - core domains |
|
Definition
| 6 domains of human experience - organization, sequences, development, culture, gender, internal processes |
|
|
Term
| Metaframeworks MOdel goal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Integrative - Problem-Centered Therapy (IPCT) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use simplest intervention - first focusing on here and now |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Narrative Solutions Approach |
|
|
Term
| Narrative Solutions Approach |
|
Definition
| idea originated MRI - people's problems develop as family gets stuck after having tried solutions - problems arrive when people are not living their preferred view |
|
|
Term
| Neil Jacobson, Andrew Christensen |
|
Definition
| Integrative Couple Therapy |
|
|
Term
| Integrative Couple Therapy - approach |
|
Definition
| strategic, experiential, and ego analytic techniques to behavioral couples work |
|
|
Term
| Integrative couple therapy - process |
|
Definition
| treatment begins with formulation, consisting of theme that defines conflict, polarization process describing dysfunctional pattern of interaction |
|
|
Term
| Ross Speck, Carolyn Attneave, Uri Ruevini |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disrupt dysfunctional patterns and to use therapeutic and social network in a systemic way |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| retribalization, polarization, mobilization (tasks identified) depression, break-through, exhaustion-elation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oldes and original function of the personality and basis for other two - Pleasure principal - impulsive |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| mediates id and environment - executive - reality priniciple |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conscience and ego-ideal - strives for perfection |
|
|
Term
| Erick Erickson - Psychosocial Stages |
|
Definition
| each stage presents a development task in crisis where potential for progress or regression, integration and retardation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autonomy versus shame/doubt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| industry versus inferiority |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| identity versus role confusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intimacy versus isolation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| generativity versus stagnation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ego identity versus despair |
|
|
Term
| Psychosocial Analysis - Karen Horney |
|
Definition
| anxiety is not an inevitgable part of th ehuman condition - it is created by social forces |
|
|
Term
| Neutotic trends - 3 primary types |
|
Definition
moving toward - accepting feeligns of helplessness and becoming compliant to win affection
moving against - accepting environment as hostile
moving away |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Interpersonal Psychiatry - security operations - sublimation |
|
Definition
| discharge of uncomfortable feelings in socially acceptable ways |
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Term
| Interpersonal Psychiatry - security operations - selective inattention |
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Definition
| limits a persons' ability to cope effectively |
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Term
| Interpersonal Psychiatry - security operations - as if |
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Definition
| acting out a false but practical role |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
physiological - biological survival
security - stability, order structure
love and belonging - give and receive - belonging to group
self-esteem - competence and achievment independence freedom
self-actualization - self-directed, ethical, creative, capable of friendship |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| John Rotter, Albert Bandura |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 16 Dimension theory - measure 16 PF |
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