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No Soul
Believed that we can have Impressions, which are basic sensations that are lively and vivid and Ideas, which are copies of impressions that are less lively and vivid |
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Empiricism
Believed that the source of knowledge is gained through sense experience |
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Dualism
Believed that both a physical body and a soul exist |
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No Soul
The physical body is our existence
Materialism |
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Compatibilism
Believed that some events in life can be free if they are decided from internal influences rather than external influences |
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Existentialism
Believed that existence precedes essence.
Believed that the actions an individual make, make up who that person is. |
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Believed in a dualistic Metaphysical framework
Who am I? Know thyself!
Dialectic method: posing questions to others that make them reflect upon their own life philosophically |
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Tried for corrupting the youth of Athens and not believing in the Greek God.
He died (committed suicide) for what he believed in (Dialectic Method) and would have been able to live if he would "stop questioning the youth" but didn't want to |
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Believed that the soul is who you are. The soul is immortal and tells the truth and beauty of life
The body is this physical instrument and is not true. |
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Plato's idea of a form is this ultimate essence of a thing.
A form can only be seen in the physical realm through examples (tree) but doesn't truly exist in the physical realm |
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| Believed that the soul is immortal. The body acts as an instrument for perception of the physical world. |
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Unity of Consciousness:
Conscious, Pre-Conscious, Unconscious
The unconscious is the most factual state because it is pre-logical and pre-rational |
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Organization of Knowledge:
A priori is knowledge that is before experience (rational)
A posteriori is knowledge that is gained from experience |
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| The idea that Free Will and Determinism cannot coincide with each other |
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| Idea that events can be free if they are decided from internal influences. You must be morally responsible for these actions. |
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| The idea that energy and matter make up our earth and that this physical matter is more important that the values of the soul |
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| The idea that concepts, perceptions, and emotions are what make up reality. The physical world does not |
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| The idea that knowledge is gained from sense experience |
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| The idea that knowledge is gained from reason and not from sense experience |
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Behaviorism
The idea that human behavior makes up who we are |
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Indeterminism
The idea that some events may be made freely, but others may not be (undetermined whether a Compatibilist or a Determinist) |
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Materialism
Believed that the energy and matter that make up the earth is what is true, thus, the physical world is more important than the values of the spiritual/soul |
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Efficient: triggering action that sets the thing in motion
Formal: embedded form that fives shape and meaning to the matter
Material: matter of which a thing is made
Final: ultimate purpose of the thing as why it exists |
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| The general philosophy that seeks to have a greater understanding of reality and existence. Do we really exist? What is reality? |
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| The philosophy of knowledge, how we receive it. What is knowledge? Do we really know anything at all? |
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| The philosophy of knowledge, how we receive it. What is knowledge? Do we really know anything at all? |
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| The philosophy in which we study moral responsibilities, what they are, should we be morally responsible? What is ethical? |
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| The philosophy in which we study moral responsibilities, what they are, should we be morally responsible? What is ethical? |
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| Political and Social Philosophy |
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| The philosophy in which we study justice, social justice, government. Should we be governed? |
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| The philosophy in which we study the beauty of art. What is art? Is there such a thing as art? |
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| Logic and Critical Philosophy |
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Logic: seeks to establish a clear understanding of thinking
Critical: attempt to define the thinking process in order to find a greater understanding and strengthen and improve the functioning of the human mind |
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| Logic and Critical Philosophy |
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Logic: seeks to establish a clear understanding of thinking
Critical: attempt to define the thinking process in order to find a greater understanding and strengthen and improve the functioning of the human mind |
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| Finding things through sensory observation as opposed to reasoning alone |
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Led revolt against Idealism.
Believed in Analytic Philosophy, which was had an emphasis on clarity and argument, and a respect for the natural sciences |
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| Led by Bertrand Russell, the philosophy in which there was a great emphasis on clarity and argument. Also supported the natural sciences |
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