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Definition
| An approach to establishing genetic-behavior relationships though the compairson of biological siblings reared together with biological siblings reared apart though adoption. Generally combined with twin studies. |
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| The study of genetic contributions to behavior of interest to psychologists, mainly through the comparison of degrees of similarity among individuals of varing degrees of biological-genetic similarity. |
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| Evolved psychological mechanisms |
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Definition
| The view that basic psychological mechanisims are the reslut of evolution by selection, that is, they exist and have endured because they have been adaptive to suvival and reportoive success. |
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| A brain imaging technique that identifies specific regions of the brain that are involved in the processing of a given stimulus or the preformance of a given task, the technique relies on recording of changes in blood flow in the brain. |
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| The proportion of observed variance in scores in a specific population that can be attributed to genetic factors |
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| Inhibited-Uninhibited Temperaments |
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Definition
| Relative to the uninhibited child, the inhibited child reacts to unfamiliar persons or events with restrait, avoidance, and distress, takes longer time to relax in new situations, and has more unusual fears and phobias. The unhinhibited child seems to enjoy these very same situations that seem so stressful to the unhinhibited child. The uninhibited child responds with spontaneity in novel situations, laughing and smiling easily. |
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Definition
| Chemical substances that transmit information from one neuron to another. |
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| Parental investment theory |
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| The view that women have a greater parental investment in offspring that do men because women pass their genes on to fewer offsprings. |
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| The early 19th century attempt to locate areas of the brain responsible for various aspects of emotional and behavioral functioning. Developed by gall, it was discredited as quackery and superstition. |
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| The ability of parts of the neurobiological system to change, temporarliy, and for extended periods of time, within limits set by genes, to meet current adaptive demands and as a reslut of experience. |
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Definition
| Explanations for behavior associated with current biological processes in the organism |
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| Shared and nonshared environments |
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Definition
| The comparison in behavior genetics research of the effects of siblings growing up in the same or different environments. Particular attention is given to whether siblings reared in the same family share the same family environment |
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| Three-dimensional temperament model |
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Definition
| The three superfactors describing individual differenes in temperament: Positive Emotionality (PE) Negative Emotionality (NE) and Disinhibition vs. Constraint (DvC) |
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| Explanations for behavior associated with evolution. |
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