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Theories in Personality
Chapter 3
26
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
06/17/2009

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Term
Anxiety
Definition
A painful emotional experience that signals or alerts the ego to danger.
Term
Catharsis
Definition
The release and freeing of emotion through talking about one's problems.
Term
Conscious
Definition
Those thoughts, experiences, and feelings of which we are aware.
Term
Death instinct
Definition
Freud's concept for drives or sources of energy directed toward death or a return to an inorganic state.
Term
Defense mechanisms
Definition
Freud's concept for those mental strategies used by the person to reduce anxiety. They function to exclude from awareness of some thought, wish, or feeling
Term
Ego
Definition
Freud's structural concept for the part of personality that attemps to satisfy drives (instincts) in accordance with reality and the person's moral values.
Term
Energy system
Definition
Freud's view of personality as involving the interplay amoung various forces or sources of energy.
Term
Free association
Definition
In psychoanalytic theory, the stage of development associated with the onset of puberty
Term
Id
Definition
Freud's structural concept for the source of the instincts or all of the drive energy in people.
Term
Identification
Definition
The acquisition, as characteristics of the self, of personality characteristics perceived to be part of others.
Term
Latency state
Definition
The stage folloing the phallic stage in which there is a decrease in sexual urges and interest
Term
Mechanism
Definition
An intellectual movement of the 19th century which argued that basic principles of natural science could explain not only the behavior of physical objects, but human thought and action.
Term
Oedipus complex
Definition
Freud's concept expressing the boy's sexual attraction to the mother and frea of castration by the father (rival)
Term
Perception without awareness
Definition
Unconcious perception or perception of a stimulus without conscious awareness of such perception.
Term
Perceptual defense
Definition
The process by which an individual defends (unconsciously) against awareness of a threatening stimulus
Term
Preconscious
Definition
Freud's concept for those thoughts, experiences, and feelings of which we are momentarily unaware but can readily bring into awareness.
Term
Primary process
Definition
A form of thinking that is not governed by logic or reality testing and that is seen in dreams and other expressions of the unconscious.
Term
Projection
Definition
The defense mechanism in which one attributes to (projects into) others one's own unacceptable instincts or wishes.
Term
Rationalization
Definition
The defense mech in which an acceptable reason is givin for an unacceptable act
Term
Reaction formation
Definition
The defense mech in which the opposite of an unacceptable impulse is expressed.
Term
Reality principle
Definition
According to Freud, psychological functioning based on reality in which pleaseure is delayed until an optimum time.
Term
Secondary process
Definition
A form of thinking that is governed by reality and associated with the development of the ego.
Term
Subliminal psychodynamic activation
Definition
The research procedure associated with psychoanalytic theory in which stimuli are presented below the perceptual threshold to stimulate unconscious wishes and fears.
Term
Sublimation
Definition
The defense mech in which the original expression of the instinct is replaced by a higher cultural goal.
Term
Superego
Definition
Freud's structural concept for the part of personality that expresses our ideals and moral values.
Term
Undoing
Definition
The defense mech in which one magically undoes an act associated with anxiety
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