Term
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Definition
i. form of education
ii. entertainment
iii. connection (uniting people) |
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Term
| What is the difference between ceremony and ritual |
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Definition
| ceremony is the formal performance while ritual is what established procedure that takes place within it is |
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Term
| What are the 6 main components of the definition of theater? |
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Definition
1. live performance
2. live audience
3. specific place
4. experience
5. real or imagined event
6. collaborative effort |
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Term
| Who is responsible for the set pieces seen by the audience |
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Definition
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Term
| What does property design do? |
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Definition
| (props) responsible for anything the performer might handle |
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Term
| what are the lighting designs goals? |
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Definition
| the manipulation of light to hide and highlight characters and create moods |
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Term
| What is the text of a performance? |
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Definition
| what the performers perform (spoken sung and performed works) |
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Term
Parts of the Stage
Pit
house
apron
wing
ramp |
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Definition
pit- under the apron home to live orchestra
house- viewable seating area
apron- the space between stage and audience
wing- slightly off stage
ramp- even further to the side of offstage |
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Term
| What is a proscenium stage? |
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Definition
| like a picture frame one that gives the audience one straight on view with a grand arch around the stage frame |
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Term
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Definition
| stage surrounded by people on three sides (runway) |
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Term
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Definition
| performers are completely surrounded (like football, basketball etc) |
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Term
| What do the proscenium, thrust, and arena stages all have in common? |
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Definition
| All three have defined boundaries between the audience and performers |
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Term
| What is found space? (also called impromptu) |
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Definition
| relationship between the participants is unclear (think a wedding) |
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Term
| Describe the City Dionysia. |
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Definition
| Greek religious and social event honoring God of Theater. Play writing (comedies and tragedies) and performing contest |
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Term
| What did Aristotle write? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are Aristotle's six elements of drama? |
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Definition
1. plot (a story line)
2. character (people to follow)
3. theme (saying something)
4. language (rich and meaningful)
5. music
6. specticle (special effects) |
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Term
| Why was Aristotle important in the theater world? |
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Definition
| Wrote the Poetics, created definition of tragedy, and introduced climactic dramatic form |
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Term
| Who wrote The Suppliants and Oresteia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the founder of Greek drama and what elements of theater did he change? |
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Definition
| Aeschylus, introduced second character, and reduced size of chorus to ~12 |
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Term
| What element of theater did Sophocles change? |
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Definition
| introduced the third main character and created triangle conflicts |
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Term
| Who won City Dionysis the most? |
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Definition
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Term
| What differentiated Euripides plays? |
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Definition
gave women a voice
Questioned treatment of Gods and Heros (did not portray them in a do no wrong kind of way) |
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Term
| What did Euripides write? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the best know comedic play write in ancient greece and what did he write? |
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Definition
| Aristophanes and The Frog |
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Term
| Myths to Know- Media (or Medea) |
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Definition
| Daughter of King, Wife of Jason, Jason cheated so she went and married a neighboring king then killed jason wife, father and two kids she had with him |
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Term
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Definition
i. Born to King and Queen of Thebes, was told their son would kill his father and marry his mother
ii. He was sent to live with another King in neighboring country and ended up going back to Thebes and unknowingly killing his father and marrying his mother.
iii. Searched for the killed until he realized it was him, then took the punishment and gorged his eyes out and banished to the wilderness |
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Term
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Definition
| A group onstage that would comment on the action and provide background information |
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Term
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Definition
| (concepted by Aristotle) "theatre should let them watch and experience that pain and feel that wrath of the action without actually having to go through it in real life" |
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Term
| What typifies climactic form? |
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Definition
-plot over character
-expositions (good amount of background information to be able to jump right into the action)
-violence occurs off stage |
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Term
| What significant playwrites took place in the Middle Ages? |
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Definition
| Patus, Terence, Seneca (comedy comedy tragedy) |
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Term
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Definition
| actors should behave on stage in a way that they ideally would be in real life |
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Term
| Why was there a down fall of theater in the Middle Ages? |
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Definition
-people went more rural
-Christianity's distrust of theater |
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Term
| Who revived theater in the Middle Ages? |
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Definition
| The Church (texts and works were taken to monks and monasteries to be transcribed) |
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Term
| What is a Liturgical Drama? and what language were they held in? |
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Definition
| Short dramatization during a service (moments in Christs life) in Latin |
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Term
| What did Mystery Plays stem from? |
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Definition
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Term
| How were Mystery plays different from Liturgical? |
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Definition
-longer (multiple scenes)
-during festivals rather than church
-Anachronism (something that doesn't belong in the time period it's set
-Spectacle |
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Term
| How did Second Shepard's Plays hook audience? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were Morality Plays? |
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Definition
cousin to mystery plays
-low education
-high visual effects
-outside with many distractions
-Every Man |
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Term
| During the Middle Ages who were the performers? |
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Definition
-ameturs
-poor towns people acheiving civic duty
-based on vocal abilities
- type cast at young age (look and if they had costume) |
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Term
| In the Middle Ages what were secrets and pageant masters? |
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Definition
Pageant Masters- directed audiences attention where to look
secrets- special effects |
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Term
| Popular Art Forms in the Middle Ages |
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Definition
| mimes, jugglers, jester (courts), Farques in England |
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Term
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Definition
| performances in the time between courses in a banquet |
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Term
| What is Episodic Form and when was it popular? |
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Definition
| Middle Ages- multiple side plots that could interweave, time and place change frequently, de-emphasis on reality |
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Term
| What were two reasons for the Italian Renaissance? |
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Definition
Universities
works being found and translated from ancient times |
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Term
| When, where, and why was opera established? |
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Definition
| Florence, Italian Renaissance, believed to be re-creating Greek tragedy. |
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Term
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Definition
| text to which music is sang |
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Term
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Definition
| a line of text meant to be accompanied by music |
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Term
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Definition
| music of an opera (staffs) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Opera Terms-
Soprano
Mezzo
Tenor
Baritone
Bass |
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Definition
(w) heroin
(w) prostitute, crazy ladies, witches
(m) hero
(m) villain
(m) villain |
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Term
| What illustrated pastorals? |
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Definition
Italian Renaissance
-short romantic performances
-not comedy but happy ending
-only during renaissance |
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Term
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Definition
-based on classical myth
-during short break of play
-related genres (tragedy, comedy, etc) |
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Term
| When and What was Commedia Dell'arte? |
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Definition
-Italian Renaissance
- group of 10 people
-stock characters (pantalone, harlequin, il capitano, innamorat)
-each actor would play character for many years |
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Term
| What was Neoclassicism and when did it begin? |
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Definition
began in Italian Renaissance
making rules for Italian theater to follow (on of the reasons not many pieces of work survived from this era) |
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Term
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Definition
| the belief all must be true to life- neoclassical ideas- no ghosts, supernaturals, or monologues to ones self |
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Term
| According to Neoclassicism, when and where could a play take place? |
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Definition
time lapse- 24 hours
setting- one place within confined area |
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Term
| What were the neoclassical ideas of didacticism and separation of genre? |
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Definition
didacticism- theater should teach the audience something
separation of genre- no middle ground (comedy is a comedy!) |
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Term
| Reason's for English Renaissance? |
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Definition
-Martin Luther's reformation
-Henry VII claiming English had own religion
-Elizabeth I- England drama founded |
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Term
| What characterized Elizabethan Drama? |
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Definition
| episodic- multiple plots, violence, super naturals, tragedy and comedy mixed |
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Term
| What is a good example of Elizabethan drama? |
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Definition
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Term
Christopher Marlow
-what was he associated with?
-most famous work
-unique situation |
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Definition
- university wits (poetry group)
-was second most famous in Elizabethan play-writes
- plays in poetic form
-mystery around death
-"Dr. Faustus" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| text not written in poetry |
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Term
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Definition
verse that english drama was written in
5x(2 syllable unit with accent on the second one)
(ex.- to be or not to be) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ending in exactly 10 ft and syllables stressed correctly |
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Term
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Definition
| Having an extra syllable on the end (weaker line) |
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Term
What was the beginning of Shakespeare's life like?
Born?
Died?
How long did he work?
how many plays?
association?
theater associated with? |
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Definition
Born- Stratford-Avon 1564
died- 1616
Worked 23 years in english theater
37 plays
Associated with The Kings Men and had performances at The Globe |
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Term
| What were 6 of Shakespeare's famous works? |
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Definition
Macbeth
Hamlet
Romeo & Juliet
King Lear
Othello
Julius Caesar |
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Term
Who wrote
As You Like It
Much Ado About Nothing
Taming of the Shrew? |
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Definition
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Term
Who wrote
The Tempest
Richard III
Henry V? |
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Definition
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Term
| Three reasons Shakespeare was important |
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Definition
-Blended previous elements of theater together
- big contrary to Italian neoclassicism (changing point)
-gave ancient characters depth and appeal
- situation and conflicts are timeless |
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Term
| English Renaissance Audience |
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Definition
| Everyone! rich, poor, men, women, had to be actively engaged in performance |
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Term
| English Renaissance Building |
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Definition
circular (partial roof)
- pit
-galleries
-special boxes
-thrust stage
- interabove (balcony above stage)
-interbelow (area under balcony) |
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Term
| What era was influenced by the Italian Medici's the greatest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What royalty supported the French Neoclassical Era? |
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Definition
Henri III
Cardinal Richelieu |
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Term
| Why was Corneille's most famous work important? |
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Definition
| Le Cid was technically according to Neoclassical rules but Cardinal Richelieu shot it down and deemed it inappropriate |
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Term
| Successful Neoclassical French dramatist and most famous work? |
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Definition
Jean Racine (strict upbringing lead to ability to follow rules closely)
Wrote Phaedra (Phedre) |
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Term
Who was the Neoclassic comedian?
- style
-moral |
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Definition
-Moliere
-commedia dell'arte characters
-rhyming and witty characters
- Characters do not learn from their mistakes or have change of heart |
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Term
Who wrote
The Misanthrope
The Miser
Tartuffe? |
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Definition
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Term
| What and who was the new art established in the French Neoclassical Era? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did the French Neoclassical Era die down? |
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Definition
| boring and royalty quit supporting it |
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Term
| When was the English Reformation? |
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Definition
| 1643 (puritan something) until Charles II was restored to throne 1660 |
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Term
| How was English Reformation different than English Renaissance? |
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Definition
-aimed at upper class
-being witty
-tone and context (almost neoclassical)
-fewer theaters |
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Term
| What was the biggest change during the English Reformation? |
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Definition
| Women were allowed on stage (Margret Hughes) |
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Term
| What was the Comedy of Manners? |
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Definition
performances that were
-witty, suggestive, funny
-poked fun at own audience
-included secrecy and deception and manipulation (switching identities, etc) |
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Term
| From the English Reformation who was just recently noted for their immense popularity and contributions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Aphra Behn was influenced by what country's theater? |
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Definition
| Spanish Theatre- very base and bawdy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What was William Wycherley famous for? |
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Definition
| Satire plays on upper class people (where he came from) |
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Term
William Congreve
-works
-how many plays
-why important? |
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Definition
-way of the world
-4 comedies
-bridged gap between restoration and sentimentalism |
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