Term
| What do plants acquire their nutrients from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Plants take up what from the air to produce sugars via photosynthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is produced as a product of photosynthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do plants obtain from the soil? |
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Definition
| water, minerals, and some oxygen |
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Term
| Using simple sugars as an energy source and as building blocks, plants convert the _______ they take up into the ________ of living plant tissue |
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Definition
| inorganic molecules, organic molecules |
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Term
What are the inorganic molecules taken up by plants?
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Definition
-carbon dioxide
-nitrogen
-magnesium
-phosphorus |
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Term
| What are the organic molecules produced by plants? |
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Definition
-carbohydrates
-lipids
-proteins
-nucleic acids |
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Term
| What in root cells control solute uptake? |
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Definition
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Term
| minerals taken up by what are in a watery solution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is absorbed through the epidermis of the root and must be taken up by root cells before they enter the xylem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What in the plasma membrane of root cells controls what minerals enter the xylem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pulls water up xylem vessels? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the solution carried up through a plant in tracheids and vessel elements |
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Term
| Xylem sap is pulled up through what to the leaves? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Evaporation of water from the surface of leaves and is the driving force for the movement of xylem sap |
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Term
| Water's __________and __________ allow water to be pulled up to the top of the highest trees. |
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Definition
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Term
Water's cohesion describes what?
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Definition
| its ability to stick to itself |
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Term
| Water's adhesion describes what? |
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Definition
| its ability to stick to other surfaces; water adheres to the inner surface of xylem cells |
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Term
| What does a steep diffusion gradient do? |
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Definition
| Pulls water molecules from the surface of leaves into much drier air |
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Term
| The air's pull on water creates what? |
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Definition
| a tension that pulls on water in the xylem; since water is cohesive, it is pulled along, much as when a person sucks on a straw |
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Term
| What cells control transpiration? |
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Definition
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Term
| What must plants do to allow CO2 to enter for photosynthesis |
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Definition
| plants must open pores in leaves called stomata |
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Term
| Water evaporates from the surface of leaves through what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What surrounds each stoma? |
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Definition
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Term
| what can regulate the amound of water lost from leaves by changing shape and closing the stomatal pore? |
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Definition
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Term
| Stomata open when guard cells take up water |
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Definition
-uneven cell walls of guard cells causwes them to bow
-the bowing of the guard cells causes the pore of the stoma to open |
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Term
| When the guard cells become flaccid, what does the stoma do? |
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Definition
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Term
| Several factors help regulate guard cell activity |
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Definition
-in general, stomata are open during the day and closed at night
-Low CO2 concentration in leaves also signals guard cells to open stomata |
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Term
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Definition
| transports the products of photosynthesis throughout the plant |
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Term
| what is phloem composed of? |
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Definition
| long tubes of sieve tube members stacked end to end |
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Term
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Definition
| moves through sieve plates in sieve tube members |
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Term
| Sugars are carried through phloem from ______to ______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
a plant organ that is a net producer of sugar via photosynthesis or breakdown of starch
-leaves produce sugars via photosynthesis
-roots and other storage organs produce sugar via breakdown of starch |
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Term
| Leaves produce sugar via what? |
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Definition
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Term
| roots and other storage organs produce sugars via what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
a plant organ that is a net consumer of sugar or one that stores starch
-growing organs use sugar in cellular respiration
-roots and other organs store unused sugars as starch |
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Term
| The pressure flow mechanism |
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Definition
-at sources, sugars are actively loaded into sieve tube members
-high solute concentration caused by the sugar in sieve tubes causes water to rush in from nearby xylem cells
-flow of water into sieve tubes increases pressure at sources
-at sinks, sugars are unloaded from sieve tubes and solute concentration decreases; water is lost and pressure is low
-the pressure gradient drives rapid movement of sugars from sources to sinks |
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