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The Toddler
Quiz 3
87
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
02/18/2011

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Term
attachment behavior
Definition
relationship changing to include father; directed toward several people, usually greater towards one though; maintains proximity to parent
Term
separation anxiety intensifies at __ to __ months and again at ___
Definition
16 to 18 and again at 24 months
Term
cognitively separation anxiety
Definition
object ceases to exist when out-of-site
Term
phases of separation
Definition
1. protest, 2. despair, 3. denial (usually in children who are hospitalized)
Term
phases of separation person
Definition
James Robertson
Term
in a toddler the heart rate ___
Definition
goes down
Term
in a toddler the RR goes
Definition
down
Term
in a toddler the BP goes
Definition
up
Term
a baby changes from an infant to a toddler
Definition
when they take thier first steps
Term
family developmental tasks
Definition
spiraling costs of living; safe home with space; sexual involvement; division of labor; toddler vs family; more children?
Term
physical appearance of toddler at 12-15 months
Definition
loose roly-poly look, chest circumference > head; abdomen protruding; legs at stiff angles; flat feet; puts down a lot of adipose tissue
Term
physical appearance at 2 years
Definition
face contours, deciduous teeth, muscle tone firmer
Term
by two years the toddler should have teeth
Definition
16
Term
toddler is more ___ than verbal
Definition
motor
Term
at what age can a toddler operate a riding toy?
Definition
36 months
Term
toddlerhood is qualitative change
Definition
1. walking is normal mode of travel, 2. greater stability, 3. no longer needs arms for balance (now carrying things)
Term
key transitions from late infancy to early toddlerhood
Definition
creeping to pedestrian way of life, begins with first steps
Term
the toddler in new situations
Definition
cautious quiescence (stepping back and evalutating)
Term
stairs at 21 months
Definition
walk down stairs clinging to adult finger
Term
stairs at 2.5 years
Definition
walks up and down stairs
Term
stairs at 3 years
Definition
climbs a vertical ladder
Term
by 1-2 years they grow ___ inches
Definition
4-5
Term
by 1-2 years they go up ___ lbs
Definition
5-6 (quadruples by 2 years)
Term
height of two year old
Definition
32-35 inches
Term
weight of two year old
Definition
26-28 lbs
Term
two year old girl is ___% adult height
Definition
50
Term
two and a half year old boy is ___% of adult height
Definition
50
Term
myelinization is almost complete by
Definition
2 years
Term
hyperoptic
Definition
far sighted
Term
vision at 15 months
Definition
reaches for attractive object
Term
age toddler looks at pictures
Definition
12-18 months
Term
glucagon and insulin
Definition
labile and limited (variations of blood sugar)
Term
adrenocorticoid secretions ___
Definition
increase
Term
things important for regulating endocrine
Definition
growth hormone, thyroxine, and insulin
Term
respiratory rate
Definition
goes down to 20-30 per minute
Term
lung volume increases or decreases?
Definition
increases
Term
susceptibility to infections increases or decreases
Definition
decreases
Term
respiratory structure goes up or down in size
Definition
up
Term
pulse
Definition
goes down to 105 per minute
Term
BP
Definition
goes up to 80-100/56-64
Term
vascular bed increases or decreases?
Definition
increases
Term
ability to respond to hot and cold increases or decreases?
Definition
increases
Term
aids thermoregulation toddler
Definition
99 degrees
Term
food moves through GI tract more ____
Definition
slowly
Term
gastric secreations increase or decrease in acidity
Definition
increase
Term
antibodies increase or decrease
Definition
increase
Term
adenoids maximum size at ___ years
Definition
3
Term
tonsils peak at ___ years
Definition
7
Term
Hb and RBC count is lower or higher
Definition
lower
Term
____ years no skim or low fat milk
Definition
less than 2 years
Term
__ to ___ % fat
Definition
30 to 50
Term
needs iron rich foods how often?
Definition
one time per week
Term
meal plan
Definition
three meals and three snacks
Term
two fold classification
Definition
content of play (what child does) and social character of play (who child plays with)
Term
social -affective play
Definition
pleasure in manipulation of social relationships
Term
sense-pleasure play
Definition
baby begins to enjoy nonsocial stimulation (sights, sounds, textures)
Term
combines social affective play and sense pleasure play in
Definition
lap sitting
Term
parallel play
Definition
happens at 2.5-3 years. 2 or more children; play side to side; not able to share
Term
functional play
Definition
using repetitive muscular movements (rolling ball, bouncing ball)
Term
constructive play
Definition
using objects or materials to make something (house of blocks)
Term
pretend/symbolic play
Definition
transforming object into another symbol
Term
sleep
Definition
10-12 hours at night, two naps a day... single nap before age two (1-2 hrs)
Term
toliet training by
Definition
2 to 2.5 years
Term
two stages of bladder control
Definition
waking control and sleeping control
Term
readiness
Definition
more self awareness by 2.5 to 3.5 years
Term
can hold urine ___
Definition
for two hours
Term
physiologic theory
Definition
maturation essential, physical/sensory/neuromuscluar
Term
classical conditioning
Definition
reflex response, anticipate event, form associations, if reinforced-- behavior continues
Term
operant conditioning
Definition
mom waves by and child waves back (mom reinforcing)
Term
what activity increases congnitive development in the child and the adult?
Definition
reading
Term
tertiary circular reactions
Definition
12- 18 months, substage 5, new means through experimentation, experiments to discover new properties of objects/ achieve new goals
Term
internal representation (sensorimotor stage)
Definition
18-24 months, substage 6, new means through mental combinations, less trial and error thinking, uses memory of past experience and imitation to act as if arrived at answer
Term
preoperational stage
Definition
207 yeahs, egocentric, nonsocial, thought is more symbolic, memory continues to form, child internalizes mental pictures
Term
language development enables child to ___
Definition
become more independent, make needs known, mediate thought processes, learn attitudes/values/behaviors/ideas
Term
language development at 14 months
Definition
begin to speak
Term
language development at 18 months
Definition
learns about 10-20 words a week
Term
language development at 24 months
Definition
50-200 words
Term
language development at 30 months
Definition
400-500 words
Term
language development at 3 years
Definition
600 words, simple sentences
Term
syncretic speech
Definition
1 word stands for a certain object/entire sentence
Term
telegraphic speech
Definition
18-24 months, 2-4 word expression... noun and verb
Term
autonomy
Definition
ability to gain self-control over motor abilities, sphincters, make and carry out decisions, feel able to cope adequately with problems or get help, wait with patience
Term
types of autonomy
Definition
temper tantrums, dawdling, ritulatistic, exploration
Term
shame
Definition
feeling of being fooled, small, exposed, embarressment
Term
doubt
Definition
fear, uncertainty, mixtrust, lack of self-confidence, nothing done is good, controlled by others
Term
adaptive mechanisms
Definition
primary identification, repression, suppression, reaction formation, projection, sublimation
Term
primary identification
Definition
imitates parents, responds to their encouragement and discouragement
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