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The Skeletal System
Chapter 23 Key Terminology
47
Health Care
Professional
01/21/2014

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Term
axis
Definition
the second cervical vertebra
Term
gout
Definition
a disease caused by the formation and accumulation of urate crystals in the joints
Term
amphiarthrotic joint
Definition
a joint that permits very slight movement
Term
extension
Definition
the process of straightening a flexed limb or the spine
Term
bursitis
Definition
inflammation of the bursa
Term
hammertoe
Definition
the toe bends upward like a claw because of the abnormal flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint.
Term
dislocation
Definition
occurs when a bone slips out of a joint
Term
protraction
Definition
the process of moving a body part forward
Term
atlas
Definition
the first cervical vertebra
Term
etiology
Definition
the cause or source of the patient's disease or disorder
Term
osteoarthritis
Definition
the most common type of arthritis, resulting from years of wear and tear on joints
Term
compact bone
Definition
the dense, hard layer of bone tissue
Term
Lordosis
Definition
often called swayback
Term
flexion
Definition
the process of bending (or curving) a flexed limb or the spine
Term
abduction
Definition
the process of moving a body part away from the midline
Term
cancellous bone
Definition
the reticular tissue that makes up most of the volume of bone
Term
osteomalacia
Definition
the adult onset of rickets
Term
dorsiflexion
Definition
the process of bending a body part backward
Term
reduction
Definition
the procedure used to align and reposition a joint
Term
Hallux valgus
Definition
also called a bunion
Term
arthritis
Definition
inflammation of one or more joints
Term
pronation
Definition
the process of lying prone, or face down
Term
Rickets
Definition
an early childhood disease caused by a deficiency in calcium, vitaminD, and phospate
Term
epiphysis
Definition
The ends of a developing bone
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
characterized by a progressive loss of bone density and the thinning of bone tissue
Term
circumduction
Definition
the process of moving a body part in a circular motion
Term
scoliosis
Definition
an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
Term
eversion
Definition
the process of turning outward
Term
synarthrotic joint
Definition
a joint that produces no movement
Term
articulation
Definition
a joint located at the place where two bones connect
Term
orthopedic physician
Definition
a physician who treats musculoskeletal conditions.
Term
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Definition
an autoimmune disorder causing joints to become deformed because of inflammation
Term
diaphysis
Definition
the shaft of the long bone
Term
kyphosis
Definition
most often known as humpback
Term
supination
Definition
the process of lying supine, or face upward
Term
rotation
Definition
the process of moving a body part around a central axis
Term
bursa
Definition
a small sac of fluid that cusions and lubricates an area where joint-related tissues rub against one another
Term
periosteum
Definition
the membrane that forms the covering of bones, except at their articular surfaces
Term
adduction
Definition
the process of moving a body part toward the midline
Term
axial skeleton
Definition
the central portion of the skeleton
Term
endosteum
Definition
the tough, connective tissue membrane lining the medullary canal that contains the bone marrow
Term
inversion
Definition
the process of turning inward
Term
retraction
Definition
the process of moving a body part backward
Term
diarthrotic joint
Definition
ajoint that allows for free movement in a variety of directions
Term
medullary canal
Definition
the narrow space or cavity throughout the length of the diaphysis
Term
appendicular skeleton
Definition
consists of 126 bones
Term
chondrocytes
Definition
cartilage-forming cells
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