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| The passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring. |
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| Each different form of a characteristic. |
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| When a new organism begins to form when egg and sperm join. |
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| The offspring of many generations that have the same trait. |
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| The scientific study of heredity. |
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| The factors that control a trait. |
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| The different forms of a gene. |
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| One whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. |
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| One whose trait is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present. |
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| An organism that has two different alleles for a trait. |
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| A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur. (Show in %) |
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| A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross. |
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| The physical appearance of an organism. |
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| The genetic makeup of an organism. |
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| An organism that has two identical alleles is called this. |
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| An organism that has two different alleles for a trait is called this. |
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| When the alleles are neither dominant nor recessive. Both alleles are expressed in the offspring. |
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| How many pairs of chromosomes are there? |
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Definition
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| How many chromosomes are there? |
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| The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells. |
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| The stage during which the cell's nucleus divides into two nuclei. |
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| During meiosis the chromosome pairs separate and are distributed to two diff cells. The resulting sex cells have only half as many chrom as the other cells in the organism. |
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Definition
| What happens during meiosis? |
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| Many genes joined together. |
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| What are chromosomes made up of? |
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| Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine. |
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Definition
| What are the 4 different nitrogen bases? |
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| The order of the nitrogen bases along a gene forms a genetic code that specifies what type of protein will be produced. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Long-chain molecules made of individual amino acids. |
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| What codes for one specific amino acid? |
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| During protein synthesis the cell uses info from a gene on a chromosome to produce a specific protein. |
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Definition
| How are proteins made? And what occurs during that process? |
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Term
1. RNA has 1 strand, DNA has 2.
2. RNA contains a diff sugar molecule from DNA.
3. Instead of thymine RNA contains uracil. |
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Definition
| What are the differences between DNA and RNA? |
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| This copies the coded message from the DNA in the nucleus and carries the message to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. |
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| Where does protein synthesis take place? |
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| Carries amino acids to the ribosome and adds them to the growing protein. |
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Term
1. DNA molecule unzips between its base pairs. Then one of the strands of DNA directs the production of a strand of messenger RNA. To for the RNA strand, the RNA pairs with the DNA.
2. The messenger RNA leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm. Messenger RNA attaches to a ribosome. The RNA provides the code for the protein molecule. The ribosomes move along the messenger RNA strand.
3. Molecules of transfer RNA attach to the messenger RNA. Groups of 3 letter code bases hlp the transfer RNA 'read' the message.
4. The protein molecule grows longer as each transfer RNA molecule puts amino acid it is carrying along the protein chain. |
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Definition
| Explain the process of translating the code. |
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| Any change in a gene or chromosome. |
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| Deletion, substitution, addition. |
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| Name the three types of mutations. |
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Definition
| This translates the code for the ribosome to use so it can create the protein. |
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