Term
| acute episode of asthma begins when triggers activate the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in acute episode of asthma airways constrict and become |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute asma episodes begin within _____ minutes after exposure to trigger and resolves _____ minutes later |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| late phase of asthma begins _____ after the early phase response when airway is already ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the late phase of asthma _______ blood cells infiltrate the already swollen tissues of the airway making them very sensitve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| risk for another asthma episode until the late phase subsides because the airways are very |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when no specific trigger of asthma can be identified the patient is said to have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| with known asthma triggers the pt has |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs and sypmtoms of asthma |
|
Definition
| Dyspnea, productive cough, use of accessory muscles of respiration, audible expiratory wheezing, may also have inspiratory wheezing, tachycardia, and tachypnea |
|
|
Term
| severity of asthma is based on the _____ and _____ of symptoms and functional limitations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| future risk of asthma is determined by the likelihood of |
|
Definition
| asthma exacerbations, progressive decline in lung function, or risk of adverse drug effects |
|
|
Term
| medications that provide long term control of asthma |
|
Definition
Inhaled glucocorticoids
Oral corticosteroids
Leukotriene modifiers
Mast cell stabilizers |
|
|
Term
| medications that relieve acute symptoms of astma |
|
Definition
| bronchodilators: Inhaled short-acting beta2-receptor agonists, Anticholinergic, Methylxanthines |
|
|
Term
| combination meds for asthma |
|
Definition
Corticosteroid and Bronchodilator
Anticholinergic and Bronchodilator |
|
|
Term
| If status asthmaticus is not treated, can lead to |
|
Definition
| right-side heart failure, pneumothorax, worsening hypoxemia, acidosis, and respiratory or cardiac arrest |
|
|
Term
| Repeat episodes of asthma can cause |
|
Definition
| hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle, thickening of the tissues in the airway, hypertrophy of mucus glands, air trapping in the alveoli, and hyperinflation of the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increased production of mucus and chronic cough that persists for at least 3 months of hte year for 2 consecutive years and by impaired ciliary action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causes of chronic bronchitis |
|
Definition
| inhaled irritants, smoking, asthma, and a deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin |
|
|
Term
| chronic bronchitis results in |
|
Definition
| cor pulmonale; right-sided heart failure secondary to pulmonary disease |
|
|
Term
| enlargement of the airways beyond the terminal bronchioles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| emphysema is a ________ disease |
|
Definition
| degenerative, nonreversible |
|
|
Term
| cetrilobular emphysema is associated primarily with _____ and affects mainly resp ___ |
|
Definition
| cigarette smoking, bronchioles |
|
|
Term
| panlobular emphysme is associated with hereditary deficiency in _______ and effects the resp ______ |
|
Definition
| alpha1antitrypsin. bronchiols and alvioli |
|
|
Term
| both types of emphysemas can occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| complications of emphysema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chronic brochitis main symptom |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Productive cough, exertional dyspnea, and wheezing
Red Blood cells typically elevated (polycythemia)
Cor pulmonale |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dyspnea, cyanosis, perpheral edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dyspnea on exertion
Increased anteroposterior diameter – barrel chest
Without Chronic Bronchitis, have normal ABG’s until the disease is very advanced |
|
|
Term
| Abnormal dilation/distortion of bronchi and bronchioles; usually confined to one lung lobe or segment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
coughing, production of large amounts of purulent sputum
Also fever, hemoptysis, nasal stuffiness, sinus drainage, fatigue, and weakness |
|
|
Term
| treatment for bronchiectasis |
|
Definition
| Treatment: antibiotic therapy, bronchodilators, chest PT, and oxygen therapy. May even require surgical removal of affected portion of lung |
|
|
Term
| goal of care for bronchiectasis |
|
Definition
| control symptoms and prevent spread |
|
|
