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| The main political unit (the tribe) of Arabia in the preIslamic era. |
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| 570 c.e.; The year Mohamet was born, also the year the Abraha ruler came to destroy the Kaaba (with elephants?) |
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| A traditional biography detailing the life of Mohamet |
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| The demonstration of Allah's existence |
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| Arabic people from pre-Islamic era which disagreed with "the idolatrous and immoral ways of the Arabs" |
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| An angel who delivered revelation to Mohamet, first appearing in 610 when Mohamet was praying the in the mountains. |
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| The method of revelation: direct communication between Gabiral and Mohamet |
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| Refers to a trench by Mohamet's followers in the year 627 to counter an opposing armies horses. |
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| Mohamet's supporters from Medina (as opposed to Mecca) |
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| The supposed ancestor of the southern peoples of Arabia |
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| The supposed ancestor of the other peoples of Arabia |
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| An annual fair near Mecca which preIslamic tribes would trade with others |
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| Black, cubic building in the center of the Haram in Mecca, supposedly built by Abraham and Ishmael, houses the Black Stone |
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| One of the major texts of Islam. Inspired by Allah, but the sayings come from Mohamet. Used as source of law and model of everyday life. |
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| A record of the sayings and actions of Mohamet; each hadith has two parts: isnad (source of hadith) and matn (the content). Ex: So-and-so said that he heard from so-and-so that Mohamet said: "Dance like a fool." |
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| The "chain of transmission" leading to the creation of a hadith. |
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| The content of a hadith; ie, what Mohamet said or did |
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| A sound hadith, a hadith with a reliable isnad |
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| A good hadith, the isnad is reliable but still doubtable |
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| A weak hadith, a hadith with questionable isnad and matn |
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| The direction a Muslim faces during the salat, the five obligatory prayers throughout the day. Faces the ka'ba in Mecca. |
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| The migration Mohamet made from Mecca to Medina with his followers. Occured in 622 |
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| A special type of Hadith which is the word of Allah, revealed to Mohamet by Gabriel, but did not make it into the Quran |
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| Mohamet's followers from Mecca. |
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| The collective Islamic family. In its inauguration, was upsetting to its contemporaneous political institutions and units: tribes and clans. |
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| Mohamet's tribe, based in Mecca, composed of several clans |
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| The clan in charge of al-sidana and al-hijaba, which is the maintenance of the Kaaba and opening its doors |
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| The location of a battle in 624, at which Mohamet and his followers defeated a Meccan army. The victory was attributed to God's intervention |
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| Another battle, this time in 625 and Mohamet's followers were defeated. Justified as a test of faith |
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| An area either just north of Mecca or in northern Mecca. Location where Mohamet and his followers camped out while making their return pilgrimage to Mecca. |
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| The lifelong friend of Mohamet who was delegated the task to lead prayer and weekly services after Mohamet's death. The first Caliph. |
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| Mohamet's cousin. Pretended to be Mohamet so that he may escape to Medina unharmed. |
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| Mohamet's uncle who raised him starting at age eight, when Mohamet's grandfather had died. |
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| The third Caliph who set the agreed upon collection of the Quran, roughly 20 years after Mohamet's death |
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| A collector of Hadith who lives in the 9th century, died in 870. |
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| 631, the year in which all the tribes of Arabia traveled to Medina to surrender to Mohamet |
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| One of the first to write a biography of Mohamet (died 768) |
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| The role of maintaining the Kaba and providing the pilgrims with water |
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| The 'unenlightened' period in Arabia before Islam became a dominant ideology. |
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| Important or skilled poets who played a role in the annual fair, 'ukaz |
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| A pulpit, one of the most important features of a mosque; where an imam delivers sermons |
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| A niche for prayer in a mosque which marks the direction for prayer (qibla) |
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| The justification given for conflicting verses in the Quran: God chose to reveal some verse which supersede other verses. See chapter 2, verse 106 for justification and chapter 16, verse 101 |
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| A biographer of Mohamet's life. Died in 834. |
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| One of the powerful clans of the tribe Quraysh which held much wealth and power in Mecca. |
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| The clan on which Mohamet's uncle, Abu Talib, was the leader of. |
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| Mohamet's father, died before he was born. |
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| Used to refer to the Quran |
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| Meaning "the book"; used to refer to Quran |
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| The studies of revelations alluded to in the Quran, has a significant impact on Islamic law and theology |
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| A method to read the Quran by, formally and aloud |
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| A method to read the Quran by, formally and aloud |
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| One method of reading the Quran aloud, most prominent method |
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| The art of reading the Quran aloud |
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| A biographer of Mohamet's life. |
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| The spot in the mountains outside of Mecca where Mohamet received the first revelation in 610 |
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| One of the powerful clans of the tribe Quraysh which held much wealth and power in Mecca |
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| Now known as Media, roughly 200 miles north of Mecca. This is where Mohamet traveled to and stayed due to political issues in Mecca. |
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| A set of regulations and rules Mohamet set forth which dictated the ways in which tribes would interact in Medina, including Jewish and pagan tribes. Formed the umma. |
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| Mohamet's first pilgrimage to back to Mecca which happened in 629 |
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| Mohamet's last pilgrimage to Mecca, accompanied by largest group of Muslims in his life, occurred in the year 632 (year Mohamet died). |
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| A nomad of the pre-Islamic Arabia. Moved throughout for resources, also shepherds. |
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| The mosque surrounding the Kaaba. Largest mosque in the world! |
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| Thought to be sacred, even prior to Islam; a cornerstone in the Kaaba used by Abraham; supposedly absorbs sins |
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| The pre-Islamic Arabian code of virtue, dictated things such as kindess to poor and stangers, bravery in battle, etc. |
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| The customary law held by the pre-Islamic Arabians. Dictated action on matters of inheritance, divorce, etc. |
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| A long poem written by meter, speaks of Arabian settings (sand dunes, clear moon) and also items later criticized by Islam (love affairs, blood feuds, etc) |
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| Idols worshiped by pagan Arabians |
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| The year of the elephant, the year Mohamet was born |
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| The year in which Mohamet was given the first revelation |
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| Abu Talib, Mohamet's uncle dies and this leaves Mohamet vulnerable to the opposing clans in Mecca |
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| Mohamet makes first contact with people in Medina |
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| The year in which the Hijra occured, the migration of Mohamet and his followers from Mecca to Medina |
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| The Meccan army surrenders to Mohamet without a fight |
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| The Year of Deputations in which all Arabian tribes came to surrender to Mohamet |
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| The year of Mohamet's death, also the year Abu Bakr was appointed as first Caliph |
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