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the older adult
fundamentals
20
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
01/29/2012

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Cards

Term
demographics to describe the overview of older adults in the US
Definition
  • by 2030 one in five people will be over 65
  • five women to two men 
  • one in ten every race other than white
  • 2050 it will be up to 2 in 10 more equity
Term
what generalization can be made about this population of people?
Definition

fastest growing segment of older adults in US is 85 and older

  • the future population of older adults will be more ethnically and racially diverse with minority groups. Everyone except non-Hispanic single race whites representing 50% of the population in 2050
Term
what is the PES framework
Definition
  • a way to organize 

 

  • P= promblem
  • E= Etiology ( infection, a direct cause,)
  • S= signs and systems
Term

Example of PES

Definition

Problem- Infection

Etiology- open wound, a weakened immune system, decrease blood ciculation to the sight

sign- a fever/ Symptom- I dont feel 

Term

while older adults at risk for nutritional deficiencies?

Definition
  • loneliness
  • diminished sense of taste and smell
  • tooth loss and poorly fitted dentures
  • lack of transport to to go to a store and buy the food
Term
psychologic changes in older adults that has specific implications for medication therapy?
Definition
  • the aging can affect absorption, distribution, metabolism, and secretion of drugs from the body
Term
an example of age-related changes that affect drug distribution
Definition
  • this includes small amounts of total body water, and increase ratio adipose tissue to lean body mass, a decreased albumin level and a decreased cardiac output
Term
an example of age-related changes affecting metabolism
Definition
  • a decrease in liver size, which means a decrease in liver, blood flow in a decrease in liver enzyme activity. These changes can result in increased plasma concentration of the blood
Term
concept of polypharmacy
Definition
  • is the use of multiple medications. This is a risk factor for acute confusion, delirium and depression in older adults
  • most, results of polypharmacy are increased adverse drug reaction and drug to drug interaction
Term
significance of polypharmacy as it relates to older adults
Definition
  • they commonly use nonprescription drugs such as antacids, cold and cough preparations, laxatives, vitamin supplements, often without consulting a health care provider
Term
legal competent
Definition
  • not declared incompetent by a court of law
  • has to be 18 years of age or older
  • pregnant or a married minor
  • he legally emancipated free minor with self-supporting
Term
clinically competent
Definition
  • he or she is legally competent and can make clinical decisions
  • this is determined by a person's ability to identify problems, recognize options, make decisions and provide the rationale supporting the decision
Term

physical factors that put older adults at risk for depression

Definition

Illness and disability; chronic or severe pain; cognitive decline; damage to body image due to surgery or disease.

Term
psychological factors that put older adults at risk for depression
Definition
Term

what is geriatric Depression scale

Definition
  • patient selects yes or no to 15 questions
  • score of 10 or greater is consistent with a possible diagnosis of clinical depression 
Term
characteristics of delirium
Definition
  • an acute confusional state
  • onset is fast
  • duration hours to less than a month
  • cause multiple such as surgery, infection, drugs
  • reversibility is usually
  • remove or treat the cause
  • reorient the patient to reality, provide a safe environment
Term
characteristics of dementia
Definition
  •  chronic progressive cognitive decline
  • the onset is slow
  • duration could last from months to years
  • cause unknown
  • none reversibility
  • for nursing intervention reorientation is not affected in the last stages
  • acknowledge patients, feelings
  • to not argue
Term
 What is the confusion assessment method?
Definition
  • is there evidence of an acute change in mental status from the patient's baseline
  • does the patient have difficulty focusing attention or keeping track of what is being said
  • is the patient's thinking and conversation disorganized or incoherent
  • altered level of consciousness?
  • the diagnosis of delirium by the CAM is the presence of features one and two and either three or four
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