Term
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Definition
| MASSES OF NERVE CELLS THAT TRANSMIT INFORMATION TO OTHER NERVES, TISSUES, OR CELLS (NERVE IMPULSES). |
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Term
| WHAT 3 PARTS CONSIST OF A NEURON? |
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Definition
| CELL BODY, DENDRITES, AND AXONS |
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Term
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Definition
| CONTAINS THE NUCLEUS AND 2 EXTENSIONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| SHORTER, MORE NUMEROUS, RECEIVE INFORMATION. THESE, ALONG WITH THE CELL BODY, FORM THE RECEPTIVE SURFACES OF NEURONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| SINGLE, LONG FIBER WHICH CONDUCTS IMPULSES AWAY FROM THE CELL BODY. SOMETIMES IT IS "BRANCHED" (COLLATERALS). END HAS MANY FINE BRANCHES. |
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Term
| THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO 2 PARTS. WHAT ARE THEY? HOW MANY PAIRS OF NERVES DOES EACH ONE CONSIST OF? |
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Definition
| CNS (BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD) AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PERIPHERAL NERVES THROUGH THE BODY) INCLUDES 31 PAIRS OF SPINAL NERVES AND 12 PAIRS OF CRANIAL NERVES. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE 3 BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? |
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Definition
| SENSORY FUNCTION, INTEGRATIVE FUNCTION, AND MOTOR FUNCTION |
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Term
| WHAT DOES SENSORY FUNCTION DO? |
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Definition
| GATHERS INFO ABOUT CHANGES OCCURRING WITHIN AND AROUND THE BODY. SENSORY RECEPTORS, AT ENDS OF PERIPHERAL NERVES SEND SIGNALS (NERVE IMPULSES) TO THE CNS. SENSORY NEURON. |
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Term
| WHAT DOES A MOTOR FUNCTION DO? |
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Definition
| RESPONSES TO SIGNALES (IMPULSES). SIGNALS SENT FROM THE CNS TO EFFECTORS (MUSCLES OR GLANDS). THE GOAL IS USUALLY TO MAINTAIN STABLE CONDITIONS (ESPECIALLY INTERNAL)-HOMEOSTASIS. MOTOR NEURONS. |
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Term
| WHAT DOES INTEGRATIVE FUNCTION DO? |
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Definition
| INFORMATION IS "BROUGHT TOGETHER," INTERPRETED, TO CREATE SENSATIONS, CREATE THOUGHTS, ADD TO MEMORY, MAKE DECISIONS, ETC. ASSOCIATION NEURON OR INTERNEURON. |
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Term
| THE SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IS LOCATED WHERE? |
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Definition
| SKELETAL MUSCLES. THE SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IS VOLUNTARY |
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Term
| THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IS LOCATED WHERE? |
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Definition
| SMOOTH MUSCLES, GLANDS. THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IS INVOLUNTARY |
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Term
| WHAT IS A NEUROGLIAL CELL? |
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Definition
| IT IS A SUPPOERTIVE TISSUE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. (MORE NUMEROUS THAN NEURONS. THERE ARE 5 TYPES. |
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Term
| WHAT IS A MICROGLIAL CELL? |
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Definition
| THESE CELLS ARE SCATTERED THROUGHOUT. DIGEST DEBRIS AND BACTERIA. MICROGLIAL CELLS RESPOND TO IMMUNOLOGICAL ALARMS. |
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Term
| WHAT IS AN OLIGODENDROCYTE? |
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Definition
| IT MAKES THE MYELIN SHEATH THAT PROVIDES INSULATION AROUND THE AXONS. THEY MYELINATE THE AXONS OF THE CNS. |
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Term
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Definition
| CONNECT BLOOD VESSELS TO NEURONS. |
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Term
| WHAT IS AN EPENDYMAL CELL? |
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Definition
| FORMS A MEMBRANE THAT COVERS BRAIN LIKE PARTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| FORM THE INSULATING MYELIN SHEATH AROUNS NEURONS. SCWANN CELLS PROVIDE THE MYELIN FOR PERIPHERAL NEURONS. |
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Term
| WHAT IS A CHROMATOPHILIC SUBSTANCE? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT ARE NODES OF RANVIER? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT DOES WHITE MATTER VS GREY MATTER MEAN? |
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Definition
| WHITE MATTER IS MYELINATED. GREY MATTER IS UNMYELINATED. |
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Term
| WHAT SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE NEURON? |
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Definition
| 1) LONGEVITY-CAN LIVE AND FUNCTION FOR A LIFETIME. 2) DO NOT DIVIDE. FETAL NEURONS LOSE THEIR ABILITY TO UNDERGO MITOSIS. 3)HIGH METABOLIC RATE. REQUIRES LIGH LEVELS OF OXYGEN AND GLUCOSE. THE NERVE FIBERS OF NEWBORNS ARE UNMYELINATED. THIS CAUSES THEIR RESPONSES TO STIMULI TO BE COUSE AND SOMETIMES INVOLVE THE WHOLE BODY. |
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Term
| NEURONS CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO WHAT 2 GROUPS? |
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Definition
| FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL |
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Term
| WHAT 3 COMPONENTS ARE THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL? |
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Definition
| FUNCTIONAL CONSISTS OF SENSORY NEURONS, MOTOR NEURONS, AND INTERNEURONS. STRUCTURAL NEURONS CONSIST OF MULTIPOLAR, BIPOLAR, AND UNIPOLAR NEURONS. |
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Term
| DESCRIBE THE NEURON CELL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL. |
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Definition
| 1) NEURON MEMBRANE MAINTAINS RESTING POTENTIAL. 2) THRESHOLD STIMULUS IS RECEIVED. 3) SODIUM CHANNELS OPEN 4) SODIUM IONS DIFFUSE INWARD, DEPOLARIZING THE MEMBRANE 5) POTASSIUM CHANNELS OPEN 6) POTASSIUM IONS DIFFUSE OUTWARD, REPOLARIZING THE MEMBRANE 7) THE RESULTING ACTION POTENTIAL CAUSES A LOCAL BIOELECTRIC CURRENT THAT STIMULATES ADJACENT PORTIONS OF THE MEMBRANE 8) WAVE OF ACTION POTENTIALS TRAVEL THE LENGTH OF THE AXON AS A NERVE IMPULSE |
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Term
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Definition
| PROPAGATION OF ACTION POTENTIALS ALONG A NERVE AXON. IT IS A WEAK ELECTRICAL CURRENT |
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Term
| WHAT IS AN IMPULSE CONDUCTION? |
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Definition
| SPEED OF AN IMPULSE PROPORTIONATE TO DIAMTER OF AXON. (GREATER DIAMTER=FASTER IMPULSE). MYELINATED AXONS CONDUCT FASTER THAN UNMYELINATED AXONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE JUNCTION BETWEEN 2 COMMUNICATING NEURONS. |
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Term
| WHERE DOES NERVE PATHWAYS TRAVEL? |
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Definition
| NERVE IMPULSE TRAVELS FROM NEURON TO NEURON |
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Term
| DESCRIBE THE AREAS OF SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION. |
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Definition
| DENDRITES, CELL BODY, AXONS, SYNAPSE (GAP). TO COMPLETE THE SIGNAL, A NEUROTRANSMITTER IS RELEASED AT THE GAP TO SIGNAL THE NEXT NEURON. |
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Term
| DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EXCITATOY AND INHIBITORY IN RELATION TO NEURONS. |
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Definition
| EXCITATOY INCREASES MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY, INCREASES CHANCE FOR THRESHOLD TO BE ACHIEVED. INHIBITORY DECREASES MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY, DECREASE CHANCE FOR THRESHOLD TO BE ACHIEVED. |
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Term
| WHAT DOES ACETYLCHOLINE NEUROTRANSMITTER DO? |
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Definition
| STIMULATES MUSCLE CONTRACTION |
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Term
| WHAT DOES MONOAMINES (NOREPINEPHRINE AND DOPAMINE) NEUROTRANSMITTERS DO? |
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Definition
| SENSE OF FEELING GOOD, LOW LEVLES=DEPRESSION |
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Term
| WHAT DOES SEROTONIN NEUROTRANSMITTER DO? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT DOES ENDORPHINS (NEUROTRANSMITTER) DO? |
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Definition
| REDUCE PAIN, INHIBIT RECEPTORS. PRODUCED DURING EXERCISE, EXCITEMENT, PAIN, LOVE. THEY RESEMBLE THE OPIOIDS IN THEIR ABILITIES TO PRODUCE A FEELING OF WELL BEING. |
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Term
| ARE SYNAPSES HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO DRUGS AND FATIGUE? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| POISON USED BY S. AMERICAN INDIANS. STOPS ACH FROM DEPOLARISING THE POST-SYNAPTIC MEMBRANE. RESULTS IN PARALYSIS |
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Term
| HOW DOES STRYCHNINE WORK? |
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Definition
| STRYCHNINE AND SOME NERVE GASES INHIBIT OR DESTROY ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE FORMATION. PROLONGS AND ENHANCES ANY STIMULUS. LEADS TO CONVULSTIONS, CONTRACTION OF MUSCLES UPON THE SLIGHTEST STIMULUS. |
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Term
| WHAT SUBSTANES ANAESTHETISE NERVE FIBERS (INHIBITORY)? |
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Definition
| COCAINE, MORPHINE, ALCOHOL, ETHER, AND CHLOROFORM |
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Term
| DESCRIBE WHAT A NEURONAL POOL IS. |
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Definition
| GROUPS OF NEURONS THAT MAKE HUNDREDS OF SYNAPTIC CONNECTIONS AND WORK TOGETHER TO PERFORM A COMMON FUNCTION. |
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