Term
The Nervous System
Function |
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Definition
1. Monitor Changes (Sensory input)
2. Interpret Changes (Integration in CNS)
3. Initiate Response ( Motor function or output) |
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Term
Nervous System
Function: Motor Changes |
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Definition
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Term
Nervous System
Function: Initiate response |
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Definition
Muscular Contraction (Musloskeltal system)
Gladular Secretion (endocrine System) |
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Term
Nervous System
Organization |
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Definition
1. Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain
Spinal Cord
2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Cranial Nerves
Spinal Nerves |
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Term
The Nervous System
Functional Classification: Sensory (afferent) Neurons |
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Definition
| a. Carry information from detectors (receptors ) |
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Term
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Definition
a. Special Sense Organs (complex receptors)
> vision (eye)
> Hearing (ear)
> Equilibrium (inner ear)
b.Cutaneous Sense Organs (skin)
> Pain Receptor
> Touch Receptor
> Deep Pressure receptor
c. Proprioceptors (Muscles and tendons)
> Detect stretch or tension |
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Term
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Definition
| a. Carry Impulses from the CNS to the muscles and the glands. |
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Term
| Types of Motor (efferent) Neurons |
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Definition
a. Somatic Nervous System (voluntary)
> Carry Impulses to skeletal muscles
b. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
> Carries Imulses to the cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, glands
> Functional Subdivisions: Sympathetic, Parasympathetic |
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Term
| Association (Interneuron) Neurons |
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Definition
a. Located in the CNS
b. Connect motor and sensory neurons
c. comprise >99% of the neurons of the body |
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Term
Anatony (structure of the cells of the nervous system)
a. The neuron (general properties) |
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Definition
a. Lose Ability to divide and form new cells after birth (amitotic)
> Can Lie under optimal conditions for a lifetime (100 years)
> If cell body is destroyed, cell dies
> Neuron cannot be replaced
b. Able to conduct nerve impulses
c. Number in body = n x 10^9, where n>1
d. High Metabloic rates they die if glucose and oxygen are deprived |
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Term
Anatomy of a cell
Cell Body |
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Definition
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Term
Anatomy of a cell
Neuron Process (or fibers)
>>>dendrites<<< |
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Definition
1. Variable Number
2. Conduct impulses toward cell body
3. Never myelinated |
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Term
Anatomy of a cell
Neuron Process (or fibers)
>>>Axon<<< |
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Definition
1. Only one per neuron
2. Conduct impulses away from cell body
3. Generates and conducts and impulse |
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Term
Anatonry of a cell
Neuron Process (or fibers)
>>>Axon branches<<< |
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Definition
1. Collateral (occationally)
2. Teminal (Hundreds to thousands)
>Release Neurotransmitters |
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Term
Anatomy of a cell
Syanptic cleft |
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Definition
| Tiny gap between axon terminal and next axon |
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Term
Anatomy of a Cell
Myelin
>>>Nature<<< |
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Definition
Structure
> whitish,fatty materal
> Part of a cell wall from supporting cell
> Waxy apperance
function
> Protects and insulates nerve fibers
> Increases speed of nerves pulses |
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Term
Anatomy of a Cell
Myelin
>>>Source<<< |
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Definition
1. Schwann Cells (PNS)
2. Oligodendrocytes (CNS) |
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Term
The Nervous System
Physiology
Basic Electrical Principals |
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Definition
1. Oppsite Charges attract each other
2. Energy must be used
3. When opposite charges combine this energy can be used to do work
4. Thus separated electial charges of oppisite sign have potential energy
5. Voltage
6. Potential difference = potential
7. The greater difference in charge between two points the higher the voltage
8. Current is the flow of electrical charge from one point to another. |
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