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The Language of Medicine
Chapter 13: The Blood System Vocab
41
Medical
Undergraduate 1
02/09/2011

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Term
Cells
Definition
Blood is composed of CELLS
Term
Plasma
Definition
Clear, straw colored liquid
Term
Erythrocytes
Definition
RBC
Term
Leukocytes
Definition
WBC
Term

Platelets

(THROMBOCYTES)

Definition
Clotting cells
Term
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Definition
RBC & WBC Arise from these blood-forming cells
Term
Differentiated
Definition
Stem cells change their size & shape to become diffenntiated
Term
Bone Marrow
Definition
All blood cells originate in the bone marrow
Term
Erythroblast
Definition

Immature RBC

 

Term
Hemolysis
Definition
Destruction of blood cells; leads to death
Term
Macrophage
Definition

MONOCYTE THT MIGRATES FROM BLOOD TO TISSUE SPACES

 

LARGE PHAGOCYTE

Term
Erythropoietin
Definition
Hormone secreted by kidney, stimulates RBC production
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition

Protein composed of

HEME (iron containing pigmant)

&

GLOBIN (protein)

Enables RBC to carry Oxygen 

Term
ERYTHROBLAST TO ERYTHROCYTE
Definition
AS RBC MATURES: LOSES NUCLEUS
Term
BILIRUBIN
Definition
HEME RELEASES IRON & DECOMPOSES INTO YELLOW/ORANGE PIGMANT: BILIRUBIN
Term

GRANULOCYTE

OR

POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE

(PMNs)

Definition

MOST NUMEROUS WBC

BASOPHIL

EOSINOPHIL

NEUTROPHIL

Term
BASOPHIL
Definition
GRANULOCYTIC WBC W/ GRANULES THAT STAIN BLUE WHEN EXPOSED TO BASIC DYE
Term
EOSINOPHIL
Definition

CONTAIN GRANULES THAT STAIN W/ EOSIN (RED ACIDIC DYE)

 

INCREASE IN ALLERGIC RESPONSES & ENGULF SUBSTANCES THAT TRIGGER ALLERGY

Term
NEUTROPHIL
Definition

CONTAIN NEUTRAL GRANULES

(DO NOT STAIN)

 

PHAGOCYTES: INGEST/DESTROY BACTERIA

Term
PHAGOCYTE
Definition
INGEST/DESTROY BACTERIA
Term
ALBUMIN
Definition
PROTEIN; MAINTAINS PROPER H2O IN BLOOD
Term
ANTIBODY
Definition

PROTEIN PRODUCED BY LYMPHOCYTES IN RESPONSE TO BACTERIA/VIRUS/OTHER ANTIGENS

 

ANTIBODY IS SPECIFIC TO ANTIGEN & INACTIVATES IT

Term
COAGULATION
Definition
BLOOD CLOTTING
Term

COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR

(CSF)

Definition
PROTEIN THT STIMULATES GROWTH/PROLIFERATION OF WBCs
Term
FIBRIN
Definition
PROTEIN THREADS THAT FORM BASIS OF BLOOD CLOT
Term
FIBRINOGEN
Definition
PLASMA PROTEIN THT IS CONVERTED TO FIBRIN IN CLOTTING PROCESS
Term
GLOBULIN
Definition

PART OF BLOOD CONTAINING DIFF PLASMA PROTEINS

 

IMMUNOGLOBULINS & ALPHA & BETA GLOBULINS ARE EXAMPLES

Term
GRANULOCYTE
Definition
WBC W/ NUMEROUS DARK-STAINING GRANULES: EOSINOPHIL, NEUTROPHIL, BASOPHIL
Term
IMMUNE REACTION
Definition

RESPONSE OF IMMUNE SYSTEM TO FOREIGN INVASION

Term
IMMUNOGLOBULIN
Definition

PROTEIN W/ ANTIBODY ACTIVITY;

 

IMMUN/O MEANS NO PROTECTION

Term
LYMPHOCYTE
Definition

MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE THT PRODUCES ANTIBODIES

Term
MEGAKARYOCYTE
Definition
LG PLATELET PRECURSOR CELL FOUND IN BONE MARROW
Term
MONOCYTE
Definition

LG MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTIC LEUKOCYTE FORMED IN BONE MARROW

 

MONOCYTES BECOME MACROPHAGES AS THEY LEAVE BLOOD & ENTER BODY TISSUE

Term
MONONUCLEAR
Definition
P/T A CELL (LEAUKOCYTE) W/ A SINGLE ROUND NUCLEUS; LYMPHOCYTES ARE MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES
Term
PLASMAPHERESIS
Definition

REMOVAL OF PLASMA FROM WITHDRAWN BLOOD BY CENTRIFUGE.

 

COLLECTED CELLS ARE RETRANSFUSED BACK INTO DONOR.

 

FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA OR SALT SOLUTION IS USED TO REPLACE WITHDRAWN PLASMA

Term
PROTHROMBIN
Definition
PLASMA PROTEIN; CONVERTED TO THROMBIN IN CLOTTING PROCESS
Term
RETICULOCYTE
Definition

IMMATURE ERYTHROCYTE W/ A NETWORK OF STRANDS THT ARE SEEN AFTER STAINING THE CELL W/ SPECIAL DYES

Term
Rh FACTOR
Definition

ANTIGEN ON RBCs OF Rh-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS

 

Term
SERUM
Definition

PLASMA MINUS CLOTTING PROTEINS & CELLS

 

CLEAR/YELLOWISH FLUID THT SEPARATES FROM BLOOD WHEN ITS ALLOWED TO CLOT

 

IT IS FORMED FROM PLASMA, BUT DOESN'T CONTAIN PROTEIN-COAGULATION FACTORS

Term
STEM CELL
Definition
UNSPECIALIZED CELL THT FIVES RISE TO MATURE, SPECIALIZED FORMS
Term
THROMBIN
Definition
ENZYME THT CONVERTS FIBRINOGEN TO FIBRIN DURING COAGULATION
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