Term
|
Definition
| A set of complex hierarchical departments, agencies, commisions, and their staffs that exist to help a chief executive officer carry out his or her duty to enforce the law |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| jobs, grants, or other special favors that are given as rewards to friends and political allies for their support |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the firing of public-office holders of a defeated political party and their replacement with loyalists of the newly elected party |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reform meausure that created the Civil Service Commission to administer a partial merit system. The act classified the federal service by grades, to wich appointments were made based on the results of a competitive examination. It made it illegal for federal political appointees to be required to contribute to a particular political party. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the system created by civil service laws by which many appointments to the federal bureaucracy are made |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the system by which federal civil service jobs are classified into grades or levels, to which appointements are made on the basis of performance on competitive examinations |
|
|
Term
| independent regulatory commission |
|
Definition
| an agency created by Congress that is generally concerned with a specific aspect of the economy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major administrative units with responsibility for a broad area of government operations. Departmental status usually indicates a permanent national interest in that particular governmental function, such as defense, commerce, or agriculture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| executive departments direceted by law to foster and promote the interests of a specific segment or group in the U.S. population (such as the Dept. of Education) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| businesses established by Congress that perform functions that should be provided by private businesses (such as the U.S. Postal Service) |
|
|
Term
| independent executive agencies |
|
Definition
| governmental units that closely resemble a Cabinet department but have a narrower area of responsibility (such as the CIA) and are not part of any Cabinet dept. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| law enacted in 1939 to prohibit civil servants from taking activist roles in partisan campaigns. This act prohibited federal employees from making political contributions, working for a particular party, or campaigning for a particular candidate. |
|
|
Term
| Federal Employees Political Activites Act |
|
Definition
| 1993 liberalization of the Hatch Act. Federal employees are now allowed to run for office in nonpartisan elections and to contribute money to campaigns in partisan elections. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which a law or policy is put into operation by the bureaucracy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the relatively stable relationships and patterns of interaction that occur among an agency, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the loose and informal relationships that exist among a large number of actors who work in broad policy areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| working groups created to facilitate coordination of policy making and implementation across a host of governmental agencies |
|
|
Term
| administrative discretion |
|
Definition
| the ability of bureacrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement congressional intentions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a quasi-legislative administrative process that has the characteristics of a legislative act |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rules that govern the operation of a particular government program that have the force of law |
|
|
Term
| administrative adjudication |
|
Definition
| a qusi-judicial process in which a bureacratic agency settles disputes between two parties in a manner similar to the way courts resolve disputes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rules or regulations issued by the president that have the effect of law. All executive orders must be published in the Federal Resister. |
|
|
