1) Humeroulnar Joint

2) Radiocapitellar

3)Proximal  Radial Ulnar Joint 

Males = 11-14 degrees

Female= 13-16 degrees

1) Convex radial head

2) fibrous osseous ring 

1) Injury 

2) Immobilaztion

1) Anterior Bundle

2) Posterior Bundle 

3) Transverse Bundle

1) Annular Ligament 

2) RCL 

3) Accessory Collateral Ligament 

4) Lateral UCL 

What is the function of the Quadrate Ligament? 

1) Biceps 

2) Brachialis

3) Brachioradialis

1) Pronator Teres 

2) FCR

3) FCU

4) ECRL

1) Triceps 

2) Anconeus

1) Pronator teres

2) Pronator Quadratus

3) FCR

1) Biceps

2) Supinator

1) UCL

2) Aponeurosis and arcuate ligament

3) Medial Head of Triceps

4) Medial epicondyle 

5) Olecranon

1) tendon of the bicep

2) Median Nerve

3) Brachial Artery 

4) Radial Nerve

5) Median Cubital Vein 

1) Median 

2) Radial 

3) Ulnar

• What is the close packed position of the R-U joint? 

1) ECRB

2) ED

3) ECRL

1)Radial Nerve Entrapment

2) Elbow joint disease

3) Entrapment of interosseous nerve

4) OCD of RH jount 

5) Intra-articular loose body

6) Cervical dysfuction

7) Nerve Root Compression 

1) Correct faulty mechanics

2) Cryotherapy 

3) Modality therapy 

4) NSAIDS

5) Therapeutic Exercise

6) Bracing 

7) Extracorporal Shockwave therapy 

8) Injection of Buffered platelet rich plasma

9) Surgery 

1) Flexor/pronator fatigue

2) change in level of stress 

3) UCL fails to stabilize valgus force

1) pronator Teres

2) Flexi Carpi Radialis

1) golfers

2) racket players

3)throwing athletes

1) resisted wrist flexion/pronation 

2) passive wrist extension/supination

1) MCL insufficiency

2) Ulnar Nerve entrapment

3) Medial elbow intra-articular pathology 

1) Conservative 

2) Surgical 

1) Palmaris Longus

2) Gracilis

3) Semitendinousus

4) Plantaris Longus

1) Medial Tension Overload

2) Lateral Articular Surface

3) Posterior Medial Shear Forces

4) Extension overload of lateral restraints 

1) Panner's disease (necrosis of Capitellum)

2) OCD

3) Medial epicondylar Fx

4) Medial Apophysitis

5) UCL Rupture 

6) Posterior osteophyte formation 

1) Rest 

2) Rehab 

3) Throwing avoided for 6-12 wks 

1) septic (infected) 

2) non septic (traumatic and idiopathic) 

1) Blunt Trauma

2) Chronic repeated trauma with gradual fluid accumulation 

1) Common 

2) Occasional 

1) Common 

2) Rare

1) Common 

2) Rare

1) Compression Dressing

2) Cryotherapy

3) Protective padding

4) Steroid Injection (nonseptic)

5) Antibiotic Therapy (septic) 

1) Repetitive hyperextension with pronation

2) Repetitive flexion with stressful pronation/supination

3) Direct Blow

1) Distal Biceps belly

2) MT portion of biceps

3) Insertion at radial tuberosity 

1) Wt Lifting 

2) gymnastics

3) body building

4) Rock Climbing

5) throwing

1) resisted elbow flexion 

2) Passive shoulder and elbow extension

1) Exercise and stretching for flexor/supinator mechanism

2) Strengthening of shoulder stabilizer

3) Modalities

4) Transverse friction Massage

5) Joint Mobs

1) Musculo Tendonous juction

2) insertion to radial tuberosity 

1) 5 decade

2) Males

1) Palpable defects

2) Ecchymosis

3) Loss of strength of elbow flexion/supination

1) 30% loss of elbow flexion strength

2) 40%-50% loss of supination strength

1) Deceleration force during extension 

2) uncoordinated contraction against the flexing elbow

1) Pain 

2) Inability to extend elbow against gravity 

3) Tendon Defect

1)Hyperextension 

2) Fall on a flexed elbow

1) Marked Swelling Above Elbow

2) Obvious Deformity 

3) Vascular/ Neural Complication 

1) Neurovascular Injury 

2) Nonunion

3) Malunion 

4) Contracture

5) Px

6) decreased ROM 

Splint up to 7 wks then allow flexion/extension motion

1) Nosurgical, begin AROM with good reduction 

2) ORIF if > 30% surface involvement 

1) Surgical repair with ORIF 

2) metallic radial head replacement 

1) Loss of motion 

2) PIN injury

3) Radial Shortening

4) Synovitis

1) Direct blow

2) FOOSH

What is the MOI of olecranon Fx? (2)

1) Backward fall

2) FOOSH

1) Pain

2) Swelling

3) Palpable Gap 

4) Obvious Deformity

1) < 1-2 mm displacement posterior splint with early motion 

2) ORIF

3) Fragment excision

1) Decreased ROM

2) Degenerative Joint Disease

3) Ulnar Nerve Neuropraxia

4) Instability 

5) Symptoms from hardware

1) Type I 

2) type II

1) Medial instability

2) DJD

1) Acute 

2) Chronic

3) Recurrent

1) Ulnohumeral Joint

2) Proximal R-U Joint

1) Valgus 

2) Varus

3) Anterior

4) Posterior 

5) Divergent

1) Post-traumatic

2) Chronic Overload

1) Proximal to Medial Epicondyle

2) Level of MEdial epicondyle

3) Distal to Medial Epicondyle

1) Trauma

2) Rheumatic Changes in the medial epicondyle

3) DJD

4) Repetitive Microtrauma

1) Paresthesia Medial Hand

2) Hand Clumsiness

3) Hypothenar atrophy

1) Splinting at 30 degrees

2) Address Instability

3) Soft Tissue mobilization

4) Neural Mobilization

5) ADL assesment

6) Surgery 

1) Ligament of Struthers

2) Laceratus Fibrosus

3) Pronator Teres

4) Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

1) Vague FA achiness

2) Hand paresthesias

3) Palmar side pain digits 1-4 

1) Splinting in Neutral Rotation 

2) Soft tissue mobilization 

3) Neural mobilization 

4) Ergonomic Assesment

5) Sugery

1) Accessory head Flexor Policis Longus

2) Palmaris Profundus

3) FCR

1) FA pain 

2) Motor loss of FPL, pronator quadratus, and lateral half FDP

3) Unable to perform the OK sign

1) contusion

2) mild Stretch

1) Lateral inermuscular septum 

2) Radial Tunnel 

1) Fibrous Bands over radial head

2) Leash of Henry

3) ECRB

4) Arcade of Frohse

5) Supinator Exit

1) Lateral Elbow Pain

2) Pain with Gripping 

3) Aching at night

1) Surgical Decompression

2) ST mobilization

3) Neural Mobilization

4) ADL assessment 

1) Tenderness when  palpating the radial tunnel anterior to the neck of the radius 

2) Reproduction of Symptoms with resisted supination

3) Lateral elbow pain with resisted extension of the ipsilateral middle finger