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| a pledge of money or property to ensure a criminal defendant's appearance at trial. The Constitution requires that a criminal defendant be granted reasonable bail unless charged with a capital offense. |
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| a legislative declaration that a person is a criminal. Bills of attainder are not permitted under the Constitution. |
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| the right of a criminal defendant to subpoena witnesses in his defense. |
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| punishment or sanction by the government of a person for the crime of a relative. This is prohibited by the Constitution. |
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| a liberty right granted by the Constitution that holds that the government may not deprive a person of life, liberty or property without notice of the charge or complaint against the person and the opportunity to be heard. |
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| refers to the right of the government to take private land for public use. |
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| a law that is enforced retoactively. The Constitution prohibits many types of ex post facto laws. |
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| the right of a person whose land has been taken by the government under the power of eminent domain to receive reasonable compensation for the land taken. |
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| an early case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that it was the final authority on the meaning of the Constitution. |
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| Article VI of the Constitution that declares the Constitution to be the supreme la of the land. |
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| a court order compelling the government to produce someone held in custody and show cause why the person is being held. |
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