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Definition
| The name given to a polymer of amino acids; equivalent to protein. A long chain of chemically bonded amino acids. |
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Definition
| Functional group of many organic acids; Function group (COOH) that gives up a proton in aqueous solutions; acidic |
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| A covalent bond where the electrons are not shared equally among the bonded atoms |
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| A fatty acid with one or more double bonds. Tend to be oily liquids at room temperature. Ex. Olive oil, corn oil, and sunflower oil. |
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Definition
| Arrangement of phospholipids in cell membranes |
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Definition
| A fatty acid with no double bonds. Tend to be solids at room temperature. Ex. Butter and lard. |
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Definition
| A disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose |
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Definition
| An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons |
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Definition
| Monomers bonded end to end in a long chain |
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| Descriptive of water-soluble, polar molecule |
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| A reaction that breaks down molecules with the addition of a water molecule |
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Definition
| Glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a phosphate group; major component of cell membranes |
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Definition
| Dietary lipid with a glycerol residue bonded to 3 fatty acids. |
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Definition
| Solid, liquid, or gas that results in the dissociation of hydroxide ion. |
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Definition
| The 5-carbon sugar component of RNA |
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Definition
| A reaction that joins monomers by removing a molecule of water |
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Definition
| A solution with liberated ions and electrons capable of conducting electric current |
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Definition
| An alcohol with only one carbon. |
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Definition
| A covalent bond with electrons shared equally among bonded atoms |
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Definition
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Definition
| A disaccharide consisting of glucose and galactose |
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Definition
| A polymer of glucosamine found in arthropod exoskeletons and fungal cell walls |
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Definition
| The covalent bond between amino acids. |
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Definition
| An alcohol with 2 carbons |
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Definition
| The 3-D structure of proteins based on chemical and polar interactions between amino acid side chains. Usually globular, or spherical |
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Definition
| The level of protein structure based on hydrogen bonding between amino acid side chains. Most common secondary structures: Alpha Helix & Beta Sheet. |
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Definition
| Descriptive of fat-soluble, non-polar molecules. |
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Definition
| major forces controlling how a protein folds. The tendency for non-polar amino acids to avoid water. |
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Definition
| A polymer of glucose found in the cell walls of all plants |
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Definition
| A polymer of glucose found in animal cells |
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Definition
| Suffix for all hydrocarbons with only single bonds between the carbons |
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Definition
| The level of protein structure based on the sequence of amino acids. Sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. |
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Definition
| Suffix for molecules containing at least one hydroxyl group |
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Definition
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Definition
| The measure of the acidity of a solution |
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Definition
| Class of organic molecules with a C:H:O ration of 1:2:1. |
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Definition
| Bond involving two pairs of shared electrons |
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Definition
| Function group that strips a proton from a water molecule, resulting in a dissociated hydroxide ion. Structural Formula: NH(subscript)2 or CNH(subscript)2. |
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Definition
| Molecules with the same empirical formula, but with different structures and characteristics |
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Definition
| Element with 5 valence electrons; component of proteins and nucleic acids |
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Definition
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Definition
| Class of non-polar molecules |
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Definition
| Generic term for the units joined together in a polymer |
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Definition
| Class of organic molecules containing a single hydroxyl group |
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Definition
| The scientific name of plant starch |
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Definition
| Solid, liquid, or gas that results in a dissociated hydrogen ion. |
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Term
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Definition
Adenine & Guanine
Double ring structure |
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Term
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Definition
Cytosine & Thymine
one ring structure |
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