Term
|
Definition
| a hollow tube closed at the rostral end, (closes at day 24)that forms from ectodermal tissue early in embryonic development, serves as the origin of the CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the outermost layer of gray matter of the cerebral hemispheres (3mm thick) Made of mostly glia, and cell bodies, dentries and axons of neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| layer of cells that line the inside of the neural tube-gives rise to the cells of the CNS. Cerebral cortex sevelops from inside out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells of the ventricular zone that divide and give rise to cells of the CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| division on a progenenitor cell that gives rise to two identical progenitor cells, increase size of ventrical zone and hence the brain that deveops from it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| division of progenitor cell that gives rise to another progenitor cell and a neuron, which migrates away from the ventricular zone towards fianl resting palce in brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first cells produced through asymmetrical division. Special glia with fibers that grow radially outwars from the ventricular zone to the surface of the cortex, provide guidace for neurons migrating outward during brain development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what ends cortical development. Death of a cell caused by a chemical signal that activates a genetic mechanism inside cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the most rostral of the three main divisions of thr brain, includes telencephalon and diencephalon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the two major portions of the forebrain (in telencephalon), covered by cerebral cortex, and contain the limbic system and basil ganglia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small grooves in the surface of the cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large grooves in cerbral cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bulge between adjacent sulci or fissures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the cerebral cortex that recieves visual info, located in back of brain on posterior occipital lobe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of cortex that recieves auditory info, in superior temporal lobe |
|
|
Term
| primary somatosensory cortex |
|
Definition
| region of anterior parietal lobe that gets somatosensory info (sensory info goes to contralateral side of brain) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of cortex involved in movement, in posterior frontal lobe (connections to muscles are contralateral) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anterior portion of the cerebral cortex , rostral to parietal lobe and dorasal to temporal lobe (look at pg. 70 for pic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of cortex caudal to frontal lobe and dorsal to temportal lobe (look at pg. 70 for pic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of cerebral cortex rostral to occipital lobe and ventral to parietal and frontal lobes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of cortec that is caudal to parietal and temportal lobes |
|
|
Term
| sensory assocaition cortex |
|
Definition
| the regions of the cerbral cortex that recieves information from the regions of primary sensory cortex. Does all the processing-percieving, learning, remembering, planning, acting. There is a visual, auditory and somatosensory associaltion cortex next to the primary cortexes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of frontal lobe that controls primary motor cortex (piano player if piano keys are primary motor cortex) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| front of frontal cortext, rostral to motor assication cortex, that is involved in planning and strategies, impuse control, personality complex reasoning (executive functioning) |
|
|
Term
| laterization of hemispheres |
|
Definition
| there are two halves of brain, so there are these areas (visual cortext, motor cortex, the assication cortexes) on both sides. They dont perform the same exact functions. Left hemishpere better with analysis of info, and processing serial events, routine, language. Right hemisphere better for synthesis and gestault, novelty, visual spatial perceieving. (corpus collosum connects two hemispheres) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of brain regions that control motivation and emotion. including the anterior thalamic nuclei, amygdala, hippocampus, limbic cortex, parts of hypothalamus and their interconnecting fiber bundles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forebrain structure of temportal lobe, part of limbic system, for memory and learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| for emotions and aggression, attaching emotions to experience , feelings and expression of emotions, recognition of emotions(Charles Witman example) in rostral temporal lobe, part of limbic system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involved in control of movement, in the telencephalon, made of caudate nucleus, putamen and globas pallidus and substantia nigra (Parkinsons-degeneration of neurons in basal ganglia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of forebrain that surrounds third ventricle, includes thalamus and hypothalamus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central relay station, contains nucei that project information to specific regions of the cerebral cortex and recieve info from it using projection fibers (sets of axons that arise from cell bodies located in one region of brain and synapse on neurons on another region) |
|
|
Term
| lateral geniculate nucleus |
|
Definition
| group of cell bodies in thalamus that recieve info from eye and send to primary visual cortex |
|
|
Term
| medial geneiculate nucleus |
|
Definition
| group of cell bodies in thalamus that receives info from inner eat and sends axons to primary auditory cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nucleus in thalamus that recieve info from cerebellum and sends to primary motor cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| base of nrain, under thalamus. control autonomic nervous system and endocrine system (four F's, fighting, feeding, fleeing, mating. pituatary gland attached to it, which secretes hormones |
|
|
Term
| midbrain or mesencephalon |
|
Definition
| the central of the three major divisions. consistems of tectum and tegmentum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes superior colliculi (for visual) and inferior colliculi (for auditory) which are important routes for sensory info |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has numclei for 3rd and 4th cranial nerves (eye movements), parts of reticular formation (sleep, arousal, attention, movement and nital reflexes), extentions of pathways between forebrain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of tegmentum that gives rise to dopamine path to caudate nucleaur and putamen in basal ganglia. Deterioaltion of this causes Parkinsons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most caudal part of brain, includes metencephalon and mylencephalon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surrounds 4th ventricle, consists of pons and cellebellum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motor, especially cordination and timing, balance, role in cognition. Many fine folds increases surface area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contains cranial nerve nuclei, reticular numclei...sleep, arousal, respiration, swallowng, bladder control, ect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contains medulla oblongata-most cudal portion of brain stem, for breathing, heart rate, respitory functions, blood pressure. part of reticular formation here for sleep/wake cycle and coma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cord of nervous systen that extends from medulla, distributes motor fibers to glands and mscles and collect somatosensery info to pass onto brain. Protected by vertebral column |
|
|
