Term
| What are the three parts of the brainstem? |
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Definition
Midbrain Pons Medulla Oblongata |
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Term
| What makes the brainstem so complex and important? |
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Definition
| It not only do all the nerves traveling to and from the body pass through this tiny area but 10 of the 12 cranial nerves also originate from the brainstem. |
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Term
| What part of the brainstem do cranial nerves 3 and 4 originate from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the brainstem do cranial nerves 5,6,7 and 8 originate from? |
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Definition
The PONS (Very important to know) |
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Term
| What part of the brain do 9, 10, 11, 12 originate from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of a Special Somatic Afferent |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of a Special Visceral Afferent |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| They innervate muscle originating from branchial arches |
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Term
| What are GVE and explain their innervation of the parotid gland. |
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Definition
General Visceral Efferents -Autonomic parasympathetic fibers They originate in the inferior salvitory nucleus, go back through the middle ear, back into the cranial cavity out through the foramen ovale to the otic ganglion |
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Term
| What is the function of the Solitary Nucleus? |
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Definition
| Taste and all other SVA's |
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Term
| What is the function of the salivatory nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the facial nucleus? |
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Definition
| Movement of the facial muscles |
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Term
| What is the function of the nucleus ambiguous? |
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Definition
Special Visceral Efferents (Styloglossus) |
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Term
| What is the function of the dorsal motor nucleus of X? |
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Definition
| General Visceral Efferents |
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Term
| What is the function of the hypoglossal nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the nucleus, ganglion, and target of CN III? |
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Definition
Nucleus: Edinger-Westphal Ganglion: Ciliary Target: Sphincter pupillae and cillary mm. |
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Term
| What is the nucleus, ganglion, and target of CN VII? |
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Definition
Nucleus: Superior Salivatory Ganglion: Pterygo-palatine Submandibular Target: Lacrimal and palatal glands -Submandibular and sublingual glands |
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Term
| What is the nucleus, ganglion, and target of CN IX? |
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Definition
Nucleus: Inferior Salivatory Ganglion: Otic Target: Parotid Gland |
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Term
| What is the nucleus, ganglion, and target of CN X? |
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Definition
Nucleus: Dorsal Motor N. Ganglion: Multiple Target: Glands and Smooth Muscles |
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Term
| Where is taste processed? |
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Definition
| The solitary nucleus, aka the gustatory nucleus! |
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Term
| What is unique about the pathways of sensations that happen around the oral cavity (i.e. taste). |
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Definition
| They travel to the brain via a unilateral route but then typically split and distribute bilaterally once they reach the brain. |
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Term
| Describe the salivary-taste reflex. |
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Definition
| Taste afferents enter the solitary nucleus, the signal travels to the superior and inferior salivatory nuclei, which passes a signal to the salivary glands. |
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Term
| In what nucleus do CN V, VII, and X process their pain? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the special tract running from the spinal tract of V to the brain called? |
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Definition
| Ventral Trigeminothalamic Lemniscus |
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Term
| What is the function of the mesencephalic nucleus? |
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Definition
Proprioception of the jaw -allows the trigeminal motor nucleus to prevent the damage of teeth from excess closing. |
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Term
| What is the function of the trigeminothalmic tract? |
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Definition
ALMOST entirely for pain and temperature impulses. -Go to postcentral gyrus to localize and quntitate pain. |
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Term
| What are the three parts of the spinal nucleus of CN V? Whats their primary functions? |
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Definition
Oral- Trigeminal reflexes Interpolar- Pain and Temp Caudal- Pain and Temp |
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Term
| Explain the Masticatory Reflex |
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Definition
1. Proprioception fibers from masticatory muscles and teeth enter the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. 2. The signal is then transferred to the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. 3. The signal is then passed on to the muscles of mastication. |
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Term
| Why is the corticobulbar tract important? |
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Definition
The muscles of the head, neck, and face are controlled by the corticobulbar tract, which runs from the motor cortex to the "bulb" or medulla oblongata. This is in contrast to the corticospinal tract talked about earlier. |
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