Term
| the principle of contralateral control |
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Definition
| when one side of the brain recives sensory input and controls the motor activities of other side of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the area where neurons that communicate with the cerebral cortex crossover and control other side of body |
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Term
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Definition
| where one side of the brain is more dominant than the other |
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Term
| describe characteristics of the left and right side dominance of brain |
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Definition
left side: control of right side of the body motor functions, logical and analytical skills are enhanced
right side: creative and emotional activities are more pronounced |
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Term
| major divisions of the cerebral hemisphere |
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Definition
| cerebral cortes, cerebral white matter and basal nuclei (basal ganglia) |
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Term
| location and description of cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| the superficial layer of the cerebral hemisphere. It is covered with gyri. Grooves between the gyri are sulci and deeper grooves are known as fissures |
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Term
| What does the cerebral cortex consist of |
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Definition
| cell bodies of neurons (the grey matter) |
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Term
| overall function of cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| critical part of the brain for concious control. Often may be referred to as a 'higher brain' region. Functions not needing concious control are located in lower parts of the brain |
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Term
| area of the cerebral cortex for goal-orientated behaviour |
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Definition
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Term
| area of cerebral cortex for programming motor movements |
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Definition
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Term
| function of primary motor cortex of cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| part of the frontal lobe, responsible for concious control of voluntary muscle movement. Recieves information from the premotor cortex, then sends information down to the spinal cord to produce movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| on the inferior frontal lobe gyrus, usually on left hemisphere |
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Term
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Definition
| main area of the cerebral cortex or the motor aspect of speech (movement of muscles, allowing words to form) |
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Term
| major function of the parietal lobe |
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Definition
| recives sensory information, then integrate and interprets it eg. you feel a round object in your hands and the sensory input allows you to recognise it as a ball |
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Term
| main function of the occipital lobe |
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Definition
| mostly involved in visual association, allowing interpretation and association of objects seen |
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Term
| function of the temporal lobe (4) |
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Definition
| intepret of speech, closely linked with hearing and involved in memory consolidation and smell |
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Term
| layer below cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| white matter consisting of myelinated nerve fibres |
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Term
| corpus callosum location and function |
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Definition
| lies beneath the white matter of the cerebral cortex. Connects the two hemispheres. It is essential to co-ordinating activities between the hemispheres |
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Term
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Definition
| fibres connecting regions of the brain, between gyri and lobes |
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Term
| basal nuclei location and function |
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Definition
| found deep in the white matter of the cerebral cortex. It includes nuclei that connect to other brain regions. These connections may be direct or indirect. Exact functions not clearly understood. Hoever is believed to influence muscular activity by exerting fine-tuning effects on motor movements and remove unnecessary movement |
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Term
| 2 major functions of the hypothalamus |
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Definition
1) maintain a constant internal environment
2) implement behavioural patterns |
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Term
| how does the hypothalamus exerts its influences |
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Definition
| through the endocrine system and neural pathways |
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Term
| major divisions of the brainstem |
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Definition
| midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata |
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Term
| function of medulla oblongata |
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Definition
| control of reflex activites (eg. snezzing, heart rate, breathing, bp, coughing, vomiting, sneezing) |
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Term
| which nuclei of cranial nerves are located in the medulla oblongata |
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Definition
| cranial nerve IX (glossopharangeal) and XII (hypoglosal) |
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Term
| nerve nuclei found in the pons |
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Definition
| cranial nerve V (trigeminal) and VIII (vestibulocochlear) |
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