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TEXES (4-8 SS/LA)
Study questions for the TEXES exam for 4-8 social studies/language arts
147
Education
Not Applicable
07/08/2011

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Term
What are the 5 most proficiencies a teacher should keep in mind?
Definition
-student-centered instruction
-child's developmental level
-responds to diverse groups of learners
-professional and interpersonal communication skills
-teacher as reflective professional
Term
What level is appropriate for restricted essay items?
Definition
Anything lower than application
-because they do not have free range on the topic, they are restricted
Term
What do students do at the Comprehension level of bloom's taxonomy?
Definition
translates, comprehends or interprets information based on prior learning
-explain, summarize, interpret, rewrite, convert, give example
Term
What are some "good practices" teachers should follow (what to keep in mind when answering questions on the exam)?
Definition
-challenging and active instruction
-effective communication
-learner-centered instructional strategies/activities
-collaboration
-professionalism
-effective Monitoring and assessment
Term
What are some responses that represent "poor practices"?
Definition
-harsh, negative feedback
-teaching topics in isolation
-drill and practice
-testing just for grades
-teaching by telling
-coercion, sarcasm, ridicule
-low-level objectives
-inconsistency, unfairness, unequal treatment
-yes or no questions
-leave out reluctant or problem students
-worksheets, timelines (facts and dates)
-all students seen as the same (differences ignored)
-memorization emphasized
Term
What are some good practices relating to "Challenging and Active Instruction"?
Definition
-active, student-centered learning
-inquiry learning
-students justify their thinking
-teachers in various roles
-creative thinking (synthesis)
-higher order and critical thinking skills (apply, analyze, synthesize, problem solve, evaluate)
-hands-on, concrete activities
-open ended questions and problem solving projects
-student collection and organization of data
Term
What are some good practices relating to "Effective Communication"?
Definition
-teachers are effective listeners
-teachers have effective verbal/nonverbal communication
-technology as instructional tool
-use of questioning to challenge students
Term
What are some good practices relating to "Learner-centered instructional strategies/activities"?
Definition
-variety of instruction
-developmentally appropriate
-related to interests and abilities of students
-teachers responsive to student input
-safe, positive, supportive classroom
-multicultural and equal, cross-cultural
-connecting to other subject matter and real world
-based on prior knowledge
-fits different learning styles
Term
What are some good practices relating to "Collaboration"?
Definition
-environments encourage social interaction
-active engagement in learning
-self motivation
-collaborative learning
-supportive interaction in classroom
Term
What are some good practices relating to "Professionalism"?
Definition
-teachers follow standards (ethical, legal, and professional)
-works with parents and community
-teacher self-reflection
-knowledgeable of recent developments and issues
-collaborate with colleges and other professionals
-lifelong learners (seek professional development)
Term
What are some good practices relating to "Effective Classroom Management"?
Definition
-safe and orderly environment
-teachers are courteous and respectful
-maximized academic learning time
-encourage self-discipline and self-management
Term
What are some good practices relating to "Effective Monitoring and Assessment"?
Definition
-assessment aligned with instruction
-provides opportunities for relearning and reassessment
-student self-assessment
-responsive to student's varied needs
-on-going process
-provide specific, constructive, timely feedback
Term
"Approach, principle, strategy" in question stem usually indicates the answer is...
Definition
a general pedagogical practice
-not specific to scenario (broader)
-other choices may be reasonable, but are specific to scenario
Term
What must you consider when answering a question about a scenario?
Definition
age, background, subject, grade level of students
-only the information provided
-IDEAL WORLD not reality
Term
What are some conditions in the "Ideal World"?
Definition
-money/resources not a problem
-teacher has infinite amount of time
-teacher always with student
-plenty of personnel
-students are motivated
-everyone collaborates
-
Term
What is the most important consideration for students and teachers with regard to student's use of the internet as a research tool?
Definition
Much of the information on the Internet has not been reviewed and verified by experts in relevant fields

-name of website, search engine results, and up to date information are not the MOST important things
Term
What are some views that Texas has about good education practices (paradigms)?
Definition
-consider developmental stages
-model appropriate responses and behaviors (can include peer modeling)
-cooperative learning in groups (group learning)
-student-centered instruction/learning
-multicultural instruction (not just surface inclusion)
-multiple resources (people and tech)
-high expectations for all students
-student choice for learning/motivation/rules
-real life experiences/application
-authentic assessment with rubric
-problem solving
-teacher stays with (beside) the student
-what is best for student, not for teacher
-teacher and student are constantly actively engaged (monitoring and participating)
Term
What are some practices that do NOT fit the Texas view (bad paradigms)?
Definition
-easy/lazy for teacher
-sitting at desk/computer
-leaving the job to someone else
-upset parents, other teachers, school admin
-don't "confront" parents
-don't try to "fix" parents or offer advice(they are equal partners with teacher)
-lowering standards
-worksheets, lists
-having students do less than other students
-encouraging students to avoid difficult tasks
-grades as motivators
-extrinsic rewards
-same strategy for all students
-competition in classroom
-punishing/humiliation
-excluding students with disability
-non-specific feedback
-ONLY low level objectives
-yes/no questions only
-only memorization
-ability groups (tracking)
Term
Who was the first known European to explore and map the Texas Coastline?
Definition
Alonso Alvarez de Pineda (Spanish Explorer)
Term
Which early explorers came to Texas, in order?
Definition
Pineda, Cabeza de Vaca, Coronado, LaSalle, de Leon
Term
What year did Stephen F. Austin get a grant from the Mexican government to begin colonizing Texas?
Definition
1823
Term
What caused tension between Texans and Mexico in 1830?
Definition
Mexico forbid further settlers from the United States from colonizing Texas
Term
What battle had the first casualties in Texas relations with Mexico?
Definition
Battle of Velasco (Mexicans lost)
Term
Which fight in the Texas Revolution occurred after the Conventions of 1832 and 1833?
Definition
Battle of Gonzales
Term
What was the "Organic Law"?
Definition
created in Texas by "The Consultation" in 1835, it outlined the organization and functions of a new Provisional Government
Term
When did the Alamo fall?
Definition
March 6, 1836
Term
What happened in Goliad?
Definition
nearly 400 Texans were executed by order of Santa Anna
Term
What was the decisive battle of 1836 that ended the Texas Revolution?
Definition
Battle of San Jacinto, Texans under Sam Houston routed the Mexican Army and captured Santa Anna
Term
Did the battles stop after the Battle of San Jacinto?
Definition
No, fighting continued around the border as expeditions and raids were sent back and forth
Term
What president signed Texas into the Union?
Definition
James Polk
Term
Texas was the (#) state to enter the union.
Definition
28th
Term
What caused the Mexican-American War?
Definition
disputes over claims to Texas boundaries, which became fixed at the Rio Grande as a result
Term
What year did Texas secede from the Union?
Definition
1861
Term
Where and when was the last land battle of the Civil War fought?
Definition
Battle of Palmito Ranch in south Texas, 1865 (more than a month after General Lee's surrender)
Term
What year was Texas readmitted into the Union?
Definition
1870
Term
What governor began a 100 year run by the democratic party in Texas?
Definition
Richard Coke (he beat Davis)
Term
It is not enough for students to just memorize facts about history. They must be actively engaged in historical thinking. Why?
Definition
-analysis of history helps people avoid mistakes of the past
-promotes development of good citizenship
-helps students know how individuals are connected with all humans
Term
Using a map to show the spread of the black plague throughout the worlds teaches what social studies concept?
Definition
cause and effect
Term
What major unresolved issues did the civil rights movement of the 1960's address?
a. causes of civil war
b. problems with social security
c. reconstruction era after civil war
d. the vietnam war
Definition
c. reconstruction era after the civil war
Term
Who was Dr. Ralph Bunch?
Definition
First person of color anywhere to win a Nobel Peace Price for his work with the United Nations
Term
The declaration of independence gave notice to the world that the American colonies were
Definition
no longer a colony of great britain
Term
What is the Continental Divide and why is it important?
Definition
In Americas, is the line that divides the flow of water drainage to either the pacific or atlantic ocean
Term
Where is the Continental Divide in the Americas?
Definition
North America: northwestern canada along rocky mountains to new mexico, then along Mexico's Sierra Madre Occidental.
South America: along Andes mountains
Term
Which continent does NOT have a continental divide?
Definition
Antartica
Term
What is the Mariana Trench?
Definition
The deepest part of the earth
Term
What is terrace farming?
Definition
farming technique designed to conserve water and space (think rice paddies in japanese mountains)
Term
The earth is a globe and can be divided into numerous lines called
Definition
latitude and longitude
Term
A 4th grade class is learning how to make budgets. This teaches students...
Definition
an understanding of how to spend and save money
Term
Which Supreme Court landmark decision adversely affected the factors contributing to causes of the civil war?
Definition
Dred Scott vs. Sanford
Term
What governmental procedure is in place to keep the power of the federal judicial branch in check?
Definition
president appoints supreme court judges
Term
How do people become Judges in the Supreme Court?
Definition
They are picked by the president
Term
Why was Marbury vs. Madison important?
Definition
it set a precident for the doctrine of judicial review
Term
What was a major effect of the industrial revolution?
Definition
Increase worker productivity
Term
What does the law of supply and demand state?
Definition
The amount of items available directly affects the price per item
Term
What is Autocracy?
Definition
Form of government in which one person posesses unlimited power. That one person is considered the dictator.
Term
What is an oligarchy?
Definition
Rule by a small number of people.
Term
What is cultural diffusion?
Definition
spread of culture (tools, language, ideas, beliefs) within a culture or from one culture to another
Term
Using oral biographies to research the Great Depression is most likely to help the student...
Definition
obtain insight into the values and beliefs of individuals
(not educational backgrounds of individuals)
Term
What is absolute advantage?
Definition
when one country can produce a good more efficiently that another country
Term
What is absolute location?
Definition
the exact position on a globe using addresses, grid coordinates, or long/lat
Term
What is affirmative Action?
Definition
efforts to hire/recruit minorities and women that that underrepresented
Term
What is allocation?
Definition
process of choosing a need to satisfy and how much resources to use in satisfying that need
Term
How are amendments added to (or make changes to) the constitution?
Definition
proposed by 2/3rds vote of both houses, or at request of 2/3rds of state legislators. Ratified by approval of 3/4ths of states.
Term
What is anarchy?
Definition
absence of any form of political authority. (usually resulting from a failure of government)
Term
What time frame is referred to as "Ancient History"
Definition
the beginnings of human society through 300 CE (slightly before the early middle ages)
Term
What is appellate court?
Definition
a court authorized to hear appeals
Term
What is apportionment?
Definition
distribution of legislative seats according to population
Term
What are the Articles of Confederation?
Definition
first document created to govern the newly formed government after the American Revolution
-created a "firm league of friendship" among the 13 original states
-states agreed to send delegates to the Confederation Congress
-each state got one vote
Term
What is "the direct trading of goods and services without the involvement of money" called?
Definition
Bartering
Term
When was the Constitution ratified?
Definition
1791
Term
What was "Brown v. Board of Ed. of Topeka" and when did it take place?
Definition
1954
-supreme court declared that "separate but equal" facilities are NOT legal under 14th Amendment
Term
what can you do to ensure that a portfolio is a valid assessment?
Definition
develop a rubric for grading on regular basis, use as part of students grade
Term
The student's self assessments should be linked to
Definition
the teachers observations of the students reading strategies
Term
What should a teacher do to encourage the social dimensions of reading?
Definition
develop cooperative learning and literacy groups
Term
What is the most important consideration regarding cultural appropriateness when judging materials for for the reading classroom?
Definition
avoiding stereotypes and enhancing authentic portrayal of cultural group
Term
Teaching students to research and write reports in history is a good example of what approach to reading?
Definition
integrated approach to reading
Term
Thomas Hardy's novels can be used in a thematic unit teaching about what?
Definition
the irony of fate
Term
Using learning logs and oral discussions to respond to a book is an example of what concept?
Definition
Integrated Language Arts
Term
What is the integrated approach to learning?
Definition
combining two subjects, such as history and reading
-combining reading and language arts is also considered integrated learning
Term
What strategy is best to increase comprehension levels of students struggling with a science textbook?
Definition
provide advanced organizers
-encourage students to use charts and graphs as they read
Term
What is meant by "integrated language arts"?
Definition
activities, strategies, and teaching methods that combine reading and language arts
(reading, writing, interpretation of literature, etc)
Term
What is the Norman Conquest?
Definition
-1066
-led by william the conquerer
-victory at battle of hastings led to Norman control of england
-started rivalry between england and france
Term
What are the three major economic systems?
Definition
-traditional systems
-command systems
-market systems
Term
What are some Common Rimes (or Common Word Families)?
Definition
at: mat, fat, cat
op: hop, stop, mop
ate: skate, late, rate
Term
Who was Robert La Follete?
Definition
-progressive Wisconsin senator/governor
-opposed railroad trusts, WWI, league of nations
Term
What are semantic clues?
Definition
Type of context clue
-decoding unfamiliar word using surrounding words in a text
-provides information about meaning of the word
Term
What is Reciprocal Teaching?
Definition
-teacher and students discussion
-involves questioning, predicting, summarizing, and clarification of words and ideas
-increases metacognition and active learning
Term
What is trade surplus?
Definition
when a nation exports more than it imports
Term
Who explored the Louisiana Territory and led an expedition of the mississippi river to the Pacific Ocean?
Definition
Lewis and Clark
Term
List the New England Colonies.
Definition
-Massachusetts
-Connecticut
-Rhode Island
-New Hampshire
Term
What do students do in Evaluative Comprehension?
Definition
-judge, analyze, evaluate character by applying own personal attitudes and beliefs
-examine point of view
-think critically about the text
Term
What percentage of the earth's surface is covered by oceans?
Definition
70%
Term
What are some characteristics of the Free Enterprise System?
Definition
-economic freedom
-voluntary exchange
-private property rights
-profit motive
Term
What is alliteration?
Definition
successive words that begin with same consonant sound or letter
Ex: peter piper picked a pack of pickled peppers
Term
List some reading strategies?
Definition
-self-monitoring
-decoding skills
-questioning
-predicting
-clarifying
-rereading
Term
What are some activities that enhance comprehension?
Definition
-prereading activities
-KWL charts
-previewing vocabulary words
-predicting
-asking questions
Term
What region of texas is used for farming cotton and wheat, major oil production, and includes amarillo, lubbock, kerrville?
Definition
the great plains
Term
Who was the 16th president?
Definition
Lincoln
Term
Who signed the Emancipation Proclamation?
Definition
President Lincoln
Term
What are rubrics?
Definition
-measures a specific objective
-uses a range of indicators
-arranged in levels
-helps students be more thoughtful in judging the quality of their work
Term
What are the First 10 amendments called and what is their overall purpose?
Definition
Bill of Rights
-protects individuals freedoms
Term
The history of words and how they were developed is known as?
Definition
Etymology
Term
What are graphemes?
Definition
letters/symbols that represent phonemes (sounds)
Term
What was the Panic of 1893?
Definition
serious economic depression in US that began in 1893
-caused by railroad overbuilding, leading to series of bank failures
-worst depression in US until the Great Depression
Term
What are vowel dipthongs (and some examples?)
Definition
vowel pairs that make one blended sound
ew in new, oi in toil, ou in shout, etc
Term
"oi in boil, uy in buy, oy in toy, and ou in grout" are all examples of what?
Definition
vowel dipthongs
Term
What is affective domain?
Definition
Attitudinal and emotional areas of learning, such as values and feelings
-moral teaching?
Term
What does an aptitude test measure?
Definition
natural ability
-predicts subsequent performance
Term
What is phonetic segmentation?
Definition
Counting the sounds heard within a word
Term
What are the minimal sound units that can be represented by letters?
Definition
phonemes
Term
What is divergent thinking?
Definition
An open ended type of thinking
-extends in different directions and considers multiple answers to a question
Term
Which is better, extrinsic or intrinsic motivation?
Definition
extrinsic motivation
Term
What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
Definition
both used in research to establish hypothesis
-basically opposites
DEDUCTIVE reasoning comes to conclusion based on predetermined generalizations
-begins with the general and ends with the specific
INDUCTIVE reasoning makes new generalizations after looking at events
-begins with specifics and moves to the general
Term
What is altitude?
Definition
the height of something above earth's surface/sea level
Term
What is a biome?
Definition
major regional or global biotic community
-charactized mostly by dominate forms of plant life and prevailing climate
Ex: grassland, desert, tundra
Term
What is the GNP?
Definition
Gross National Product
-total market value of all goods and services produced in US in one year
-in terms of current dollar rates
Term
What is the law of supply?
Definition
-at higher prices, more of an item will be supplied
-if too much is produced, the price drops, and less is supplied
Term
What is capitalism?
Definition
The means of production are privately owned
-prices determined by supply and demand
-businesses are free to channel resources
Term
What is meant by "baseline" in terms of a students theirself?
Definition
current level the child is functioning at before instruction
Term
What is semantic mapping?
Definition
organizing in a chart format
O-[]-O
/ \
O O
Term
Which court case overturned the "Seperate but Equal" doctrine?
Definition
Brown v. Board of Education
Term
What were the 6 flags that have flown over texas?
Definition
Spain, France, Mexico, Texas, Confederacy, U.S.
Term
What is comprehension?
Definition
relationship between the knowledge of a word/idea and its meaning
Term
What was Plessy v. Ferguson?
Definition
1954
-set standard of "seperate but equal"
Term
What was Mapp v. Ohio
Definition
any illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court
-extended to state courts
-called "exclusionary rule"
Term
What is meant by "emergent readers"?
Definition
children usually ages 2 to 5
-developing important oral language skills
-beginning to notice and play with words
Term
What is word analysis?
Definition
extensive set of knowledge about written language and strategies
-permit readers to determine sounds of words and meanings as they read
Term
What is phonological awareness?
Definition
becoming aware of language as an object that can be analyzed and manipulated
Term
What is phonemic awareness?
Definition
being able to hear each seperate sound in a word as individual units (phonemes)
Term
What are the smallest unit of speech sounds called?
Definition
phonemes
Term
What is the difference between phonological awareness and phonemic awareness?
Definition
-phonological awareness deals with words and syllables
-phonemic awareness individual sounds (phonemes)
Term
What makes a word a "sight word"?
Definition
one that we see enough that we do not have to sound it out or resort to strategies
-words that we recognize instantly
Term
What is morphemic analysis?
Definition
use of prefixes and suffixes to break a word apart for both its meaning and pronunciation.
-helpful in later stages of word analysis
Term
What does "chunking words" mean?
Definition
breaking words into smaller units
-sometimes called structural analysis or syllabication
Term
If a child writes "I LV MI CT" what does that tell us?
Definition
they know much about letter-sound relationships with initial and final consonants
-but is only beginning to develope awareness of vowels
Term
As a word identification strategy, structural analysis would be most effective in helping eight graders determine the meaning of which word?
-sartorial
-wisteria
-haberdasher
-bibliophile
Definition
bibliophile
-can divide the word into biblio (books) and phile (one who loves
Term
What is structural analysis?
Definition
dividing an unfamiliar word into parts to determine the meaning
Term
Enlightenment thinkers most influenced subsequent developments in European history by doing what?
Definition
applying reason and scientific method to the study of all aspects of social and political life
Term
What is Discovery Learning?
Definition
approach to teaching
-students exposed to specific examples and use them to discover general principles and relationships
-students use examples to come to own conclusions
Term
Why was Sam Houston important?
Definition
Led Texan army against Mexico

President of the Republic of Texas
Senator for Texas
Govenor of Texas
Term
What is an idiom?
Definition
expression that does not mean what its parts say
"kick the bucket" meaning "to die" and not actually kicking a bucket
Term
What is a grapheme?
Definition
smallest part of WRITTEN language that represents a phoneme in the spelling of a word

ex: b, d, f, p, s, ch, sh, th, -ck, ea, -igh
Term
What is "syntax"?
Definition
sentence patterns and structure, or grammar, of language

syntax cues are used by readers in constructing meaning from print
Term
What are the levels in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Definition
all humans have 5 basic needs

higher levels are not attempted to be reached until lower are met

Physiological: food, water shelter
>Safety
>>Belonging: love
>>>Self Esteem
>>>>Self Actualization: seeking to discover and develop oneself
Term
What is absolute advantage?
Definition
ability of a producer to produce higher quantity of a good with the productive resource available
Term
What defines a capitalist economy?
Definition
economy which uses market-determined prices to guide buyers decisions about production and distribution of goods
-generally have productive resource which are privately owned
Term
What is comparative advantage?
Definition
ability of a producer to produce a good at lower marginal cost than other producers

-marginal cost in sacrifice of some other good compared to the amount of a good obtained
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