Term
| Piaget's Four Stages of Mental Development |
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Definition
-Sensorimotor Stage (0-2)
-Preoperational Stage
---Preconceptual Phrase (2-4)
---Intuitive Phase (4-7)
-Concrete Operational Stage (7-11)
-Formal Operational Stage (12-15) |
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Term
| Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage |
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Definition
Birth - Age 2
-Child is most concerned with coordinating movement and action
-Words begin to represent people and things |
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Term
| Piaget's Preoperational Stage |
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Definition
Ages 2-7
I) Preconceptual Phase (2-4) - Behavior is based on subjective judgment
II) Intuitive phase (4-7) - Children use language to verbalize their experiences and mental processes |
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Term
| Piaget's Concrete Operational Stage |
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Definition
Ages 7-11
Children begin to apply logic to concrete things and experiences. They can combine performance and reasoning to solve problems. |
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Term
| Piaget's Formal Operational Stage |
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Definition
Ages 12-15
Adolescents begin to think beyond the immediate and to theorize. They apply formal logic to interpreting abstract constructions and to recognizing experiences that are contrary to fact. |
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Term
Young Adult Literature
20th Century
Influence of Psychology |
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Definition
-Studies by behaviorists and developmental psychologists shaped selection of literature for children.
-Piaget's ideas still used to evaluate child literature: parallels between physical growth and thinking capacity, adolescent's heightened moral perspective
-Education based on Piaget and Kohlberg implies that development is inherent in human socialization. |
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Term
| Adolescents' moral judgments - Piaget |
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Definition
| After age 11, children stop viewing actions as "right" or "wrong," weighing intent and the behavior in context. |
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Term
Lawrence Kohlberg's 6 Stages of Moral Development
Level 1 Stage 0 |
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Definition
*Hierarchical but not clearly aligned to chronological age
-Level 1: Moral values reside in external acts rather than in persons or standards.
--Stage 0. Premoral: No association of actions or needs with sense of right or wrong |
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Term
Lawrence Kohlberg's 6 Stages of Moral Development
Level 1 Stage 1 |
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Definition
-Level 1: Moral values reside in external acts rather than in persons or standards.
--Stage 1. Obedience and punishment orientation: Child defers to adult authority. The child's actions are motivated by a desire to stay out of trouble. |
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Term
Lawrence Kohlberg's 6 Stages of Moral Development
Level 1 Stage 2 |
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Definition
-Level 1: Moral values reside in external acts rather than in persons or standards.
--Stage 2. Right actions/self-interest orientation: Performance of right deeds results in needing satisfaction. |
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Term
Lawrence Kohlberg's 6 Stages of Moral Development
Level 2 Stage 3 |
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Definition
Level II. Moral Values reside in maintaining conventions of right behavior.
--Stage 3. Good person orientation: The child performs right actions to receive approval from others, conforming to the same standards. |
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Term
Lawrence Kohlberg's 6 Stages of Moral Development
Level 2 Stage 4 |
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Definition
Level II. Moral Values reside in maintaining conventions of right behavior.
--Stage 4. Law and order orientation: Doing one's duty and showing respect for authority contributes to social order. |
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Term
Lawrence Kohlberg's 6 Stages of Moral Development
Level 3 Stage 5 |
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Definition
Level III. Moral values reside in principles separate from the persons or agencies that enforce these principles.
--Stage 5. Legalistic orientation: The rules of society are accepted as correct but alterable. Privileges and duties are derived from social contract. Obedience to society's rules protects the rights of self and others. |
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Term
Lawrence Kohlberg's 6 Stages of Moral Development
Level 3 Stage 5 |
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Definition
Level III. Moral values reside in principles separate from the persons or agencies that enforce these principles.
--Stage 6. Conscience orientation: Ethical standards, such as justice, equality, and respect for others, guide moral conduct more than legal rules. |
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