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| rapid changes in lifestyle |
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Definition
10,000 years ago: change in diet/agriculture
- more predictability in diet
-increase in reproduction/population
-sedetary living
-less physical exercise |
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| cannot digest sugar in dairy products |
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| enzyme that digests lactose...stop producing as an adult-> intolerance |
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| catalyst that allows body to use calcium |
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| vitamin D/ calcium deficiency, causes bowed legs and/or misshaped pelvis |
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| vitamin C deficiency, inability to produce collagen. causes easy bruising/bleeding, loose teeth, and achey joints |
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| overabundance of insulin, body cells no longer accept the insulin (overdose) and it becomes corrosive |
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| Bergmann and Allen's rules |
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Definition
| body shape/size determined by climate |
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| measurement of the shape of the head. shape is determined by temp. (cold= long and narrow, warm=short and oval-ish) |
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| shape of nose, influence by humidity levels...skinny=less humid, wider=more humid |
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| pigment that leads to darker or lighter skin color |
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| skin cells that produce melanin. also can absorb/block UV radiation |
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| folic acid. important for reproduction, reduced by UV radiation |
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| occurs more easily with darker skin |
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| Arbitrary Divisions (race) |
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Definition
| no way to divide people biologically into different groups or "races"...cultural construct is not the same as biology |
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| oxygen starvation, increase in heart and breathing rates in order to increase circulation of oxygen |
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Term
| Hypoxic Ventilatory Response (HVR) |
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Definition
| increase in ventilition induced by hypoxia |
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Definition
| atmospheric pressure is less, hemoglobin molecules in red blood cells take in fewer oxygen molecules w. each breath |
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| process of short-term changes in physiology that occur in response to changes in environmental conditions |
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| decrease of blood flow to maintain core temperture |
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| decline in core temp. brings this on, acclimatization to severe cold |
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| mechanism for dissipating heat from the body, acclimatization to severe heat |
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