Term
| What is the MOA of Tetracyclines? |
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Definition
Binds to the 30s ribosomal subunit
1. bocks binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the acceptor site on the mRNA- ribosome complex
this prevents the addition of aa. to the growing peptide |
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Term
| Give drug examples of Tetracyclines |
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Definition
•Chlortetracycline
•Oxytetracycline
•Demeclocycline
•Doxycycline
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Term
| What are the broadest spectrum protein synthesis inhibitors? |
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Definition
1. Tetracyclines
2. Chloramphenicol |
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Term
| WHat are the modes of resistance to Tetracyclines? |
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Definition
1.Efflux pumps
2. Decreased activity of uptake systems |
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Term
ROA of tetracyclins?
problems associated with this? |
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Definition
| Orally - stays in the intestine for a very long time - destroys normal flora - this allows the pathological flora to grow - Pseudomembranous colitis, caused by C. defficile - SUPERINFECTION (aka) |
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Term
| What is contraindicated when taking Tetracyclines? |
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Definition
| Antacids & Calcium impaire the absorption of the drug, thus should not be taken with it. |
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Term
What is the superinfection associated with Tetracyclins?
how is it treated? |
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Definition
pseudomembranous colitis - C.defficile
Give Vancomycin or Metronidazole |
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Term
Which tetracycline is used for patients with renal impairment?
why? |
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Definition
| Doxycycline - is excreted in the stool thus does not cause nephrotoxicity |
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Term
| What are the primary targets of Tetracyclines? (DOC's) |
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Definition
Mycoplasma pneumonie
Chlsmydia
Rickettsiae
Vibro Cholera
Plague
Brucellosis
Amoebiasis |
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Term
What are the secondary uses of Tetracycline? (ie what is it an alternative drug for)
Why? |
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Definition
Syphilis
for patients who are allergic to penicillin G (anaphylaxis) |
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Term
| What are the other uses of Tetracyclines? |
|
Definition
H. pylori
Acne
Leptospirosis |
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Term
| What is the non antibacterial use of Demeclocyclin? |
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Definition
| Used in the management of ADH secreting tumors (SIADH) |
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Term
| What is used in the management of ADH secreting tumours (SIADH) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the ADR's of Tetracyclines? |
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Definition
1. Diarrhoea with blood (pseudomembranous colitis)
2. Tooth enamel dysplasia (yellow teeth)
3. skeletal deformaties & growth retardation (it is calcium loving)
4.Hepatic necrosis - in high doses |
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Term
| What is the ADR of taking outdated Tetracyclines? |
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Definition
Fanconis syndrome - renal tubular acidosis
- nausea, vomiting, proteinuria, acidosis, glycosuria & gross aminoaciduria) |
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Term
| Wh are the specific ADR's of Demeclocyclin & Doxycyclin? |
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Definition
| Photosensitivity & Vestibulartoxicity |
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Term
| WHen are Tetracyclines contraindicated & why? |
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Definition
| Pregnant women should not take tetracyclines as it causes skeletal deformities & growth retardation (i is calcium loving) |
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Term
| What are the 2 drug families that can be used against ATYPICAL infections? |
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Definition
| Macrolides & Tetracyclines |
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Term
What 2 drugs cause Pseudomembranous colitis?
What is given to treat it? |
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Definition
Tetracyclines & Clindomycin
- give Vancomycin & Metronidazole |
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