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Test
Kapitel 2 & 3
161
Language - German
Undergraduate 1
02/23/2007
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Term
finden
 Definition
to find; to think
Term
bleiben
 Definition
to remain, to stay
Term
regnen
 Definition
to rain
Term
es regnet
 Definition
it's raining
Term
scheinen
 Definition
to shine
Term
schneien, es schneit
 Definition
to snow, it's snowing
Term
war
 Definition
was (past tense of sein)
Term
aus
 Definition
(to come) from (City or country)
Term
bald
 Definition
soon
Term
fast
 Definition
almost
Term
bestimmt
 Definition
certain(ly), for sure
Term
hoffentlich
 Definition
I hope so
Term
jetzt
 Definition
now
Term
leider
 Definition
unfortunately
Term
na
 Definition
well
Term
noch
 Definition
still, in addition
Term
noch nicht
 Definition
not yet
Term
schwül
 Definition
humid
Term
wirklich
 Definition
really
Term
wolkig
 Definition
cloudy
Term
Es sind (minus) (10) Grad.
 Definition
It is minus 10 degrees.
Term
Ich habe im (September) Geburtstag.
 Definition
My birthday is in September.
Term
Wann hast du Geburtstag?
 Definition
When is your birthday?
Term
Wer geht mit?
 Definition
WHo's coming along?
Term
Wie ist das Wetter?
 Definition
HOw is the weather?
Term
Wie viel Grad sing es?
 Definition
What's the temperature?
Term
der Frühling
 Definition
spring
Term
der Herbst
 Definition
fall, autumn
Term
der Sommer
 Definition
Summer
Term
Die Monate (der Monat)
 Definition
months (month)
Term
die Jahreszeiten (die Jahreszeit)
 Definition
seasons (season)
Term
nur
 Definition
only
Term
most countries have what gender
 Definition
neuter
Term
The suffix -in
 Definition
when added to a masculine noue, gives the feminine equivalent, plural of noun with suffix -in ends in -nen.
Term
To ask where someone is from?
 Definition
use interrogavtive whoer and a form of the verb kommen, to answer use form of the verb kommen and preposition aus.
Term
der Einwohner (die Einwohnerin, -nen)
 Definition
inhabitant
Term
die Hauptstadt, ־e
 Definition
capital
Term
der Kilometer
 Definition
dilometer
Term
das Klima
 Definition
climate
Term
Das Land, ־er
 Definition
country, land
Term
Die Leute (pl)
 Definition
people
Term
das Nachbarland
 Definition
neighboring country
Term
der Norden
 Definition
north
Term
Der Osten
 Definition
east
Term
Die Stadt, ־e
 Definition
city
Term
der Süden
 Definition
south
Term
der Western
 Definition
west
Term
das Wort, ־er
 Definition
word
Term
beeinflussen
 Definition
to influence
Term
denken
 Definition
to think
Term
liegen
 Definition
to lie, to be situated, to be located
Term
reden
 Definition
to speak, to talk
Term
sagen
 Definition
to say; to tell
Term
wohnen
 Definition
to live, to reside
Term
als
 Definition
than
Term
andere
 Definition
other
Term
anders
 Definition
different(ly)
Term
dort
 Definition
there
Term
einfach
 Definition
simply
Term
etwa
 Definition
approximately, about
Term
manchmal
 Definition
sometimes
Term
mehr
 Definition
more
Term
nach
 Definition
to (with cities and neuter countries)
Term
nördlich
 Definition
to the north
Term
so. . . wie
 Definition
as. . . as
Term
von
 Definition
from; of
Term
weg
 Definition
away, off, gone
Term
weit
 Definition
far
Term
weiter
 Definition
farther, further
Term
ziemlich
 Definition
quite, rather, freely
Term
Ich bin Amerikanerin.
 Definition
I am American
Term
Ich komme aus. . .
 Definition
I come/am from
Term
nicht so (kalt/viel)
 Definition
not so cold/much
Term
oh je
 Definition
oh dear
Term
finite verb and its position
 Definition
the conjugated verb and it is in the second position
Term
Nominative Case
 Definition
when a noun or pronoun is used as the subject of a sentence das (n), die (f, pl), and der (m)
Term
predicate noun
 Definition
designates a person, concept, or thing that is equated with the subject. completes the meaning of linking verbs such as sein and heißen. in negative sentence nicht precedes the p.n.
Term
indefinite articles
 Definition
equivalent to the english 'a' ein(m and n) and eine (f)
Term
negative kein
 Definition
negative form of ein, equivalent to not a, not any, or no. negates a noun that in the positive would be preceded by a form of ein or no article at all
Term
Kein v. Nicht
 Definition
kein is used to negate a noun that in an affirmative sentence would be preceded by ein or no article at all. Nicht is used when negating anoun preceded by a definite article. It is also used before the name of a person.
Term
Possessive Adjectives
 Definition
mein (my), dein (your), sein (his), ihr (her, their, your (formal)), unser (our), and euer (your) same forms as ein, if negating, but nicht before the possessive adj.
Term
Demonstrative Pronouns: der, das, die
 Definition
demonstrative pronoun is used instead of a personal pronoun (er,es, sie) when the pronoun is to be emphasized, usually occur at or near the beginning of a sentence, english equivalent is personal prnoun (he, it she, they)

example
Ist Andrea zu Hause?
Nein, die ist nicht zu Hause.
Term
Flavoring Particle : Mal
 Definition
frequently used with imperatives, If softens the tone of the command. Sag mal, Gisela, wo ist hier eine Apotheke?
Term
Flavoring particle denn
 Definition
frequently in questions to show the personal interst of the speaker. Softens the speaker's question. Was brauchst du denn?
Term
flavoring particle doch
 Definition
persuades listener to do something, Geh doch nicht in den Supermarkt.
Term
das Abendessen
 Definition
evening meal, supper
Term
das Essen
 Definition
meal; prepared food
Term
das Frühstück
 Definition
breakfast
Term
das Geld
 Definition
$$$
Term
der Kamm, -e
 Definition
comb
Term
die Kopfschmerzen (PL
 Definition
headache
Term
die Lebensmittel
 Definition
food, grocery
Term
der Liebling, e
 Definition
favorite
Term
das MIttagessen
 Definition
midday meal
Term
besuchen
 Definition
to visit
Term
brauchen
 Definition
to need
Term
einkaufen, einkaufen gehen
 Definition
to shop, to go shopping
Term
essen
 Definition
to eat
Term
essen
 Definition
to eat
Term
fragen
 Definition
to ask
Term
kaufen
 Definition
to buy
Term
möchte (ich möchte, du möchtest, er/sie/es möchte)
 Definition
would like
Term
nehmen
 Definition
to take
Term
stimmen
 Definition
to be correct
Term
suchen
 Definition
to look for
Term
bei
 Definition
at; at a place of business (beim Metzger), at the home of (bei Gisela)
Term
besser
 Definition
better
Term
etwas
 Definition
sometimes
Term
gegen
 Definition
against
Term
genug
 Definition
enough
Term
offen
 Definition
open
Term
sonst
 Definition
otherwise
Term
über
 Definition
about, above
Term
beim Metzger
 Definition
at the butcher's
Term
das stimmt
 Definition
that's right
Term
es gibt
 Definition
there is, there are
Term
in die Apotheke
 Definition
to the pharmacy
Term
in den Supermarkt
 Definition
to the supermarket
Term
kein...mehr
 Definition
no more. .. ; not..anymore
Term
Sonst noch etwas?
 Definition
Anything else?
Term
Was gibt's zum (abendessen)?
 Definition
What's for dinner?
Term
zum (Bäcker, Frühstück, Metzger, Mittagessen)
 Definition
to the baker's, for breakfast, to the butcher's, for the midday meal
Term
noun compound
 Definition
gender is decided by the last elembent of the compound
Term
one Pfund equals
 Definition
1/2 kg or 500grams
Term
Pfund
 Definition
pound
Term
zwei Glas
 Definition
2 glasses
Term
zwei Liter
 Definition
2 liters
Term
zwei Stück
 Definition
2 pieces
Term
zwei Tassen
 Definition
2 cups
Term
der Besuch, e; wir haben Besuch
 Definition
visit; we have company
Term
die Blume, n
 Definition
flower
Term
der Durst, Durst haben
 Definition
thirst; to be thirsty
Term
das Eis
 Definition
ice; ice cream
Term
die Einkaufstasche, n
 Definition
shopping bag
Term
das Geschäft, e
 Definition
store, business
Term
der Hunger, Hunger haben, Reisenhunger haben
 Definition
hunger, to be hungry, to be very hungry
Term
der Laden, -
 Definition
store
Term
Die Limonade
 Definition
soft drink, lemonade
Term
die Party, s
 Definition
party
Term
die Tablette, n
 Definition
tablet, pill
Term
die Tasche, n
 Definition
cup
Term
der Wunsch, -e
 Definition
wish
Term
bekommen
 Definition
to receive
Term
bezahlen
 Definition
to pay (for)
Term
riechen
 Definition
to smell
Term
rufen
 Definition
to call, cry out
Term
schließen
 Definition
to close
Term
stehen
 Definition
to stand
Term
word order with expressions of time and place
 Definition
time proceeds place
Term
Imperatives
 Definition
used to express commands, offer suggsetions and encouragement, give instructions, and try to persuade people. Verb is in first position.
Term
Du-imperatives
 Definition
consist of the stem of the verb plus -e, but -e is often dropped in informal usage
Term
ihr-imperative
 Definition
identical with ihr-form of present tense i.e. Fragt Frau List. Gebt mir bitte das Brot.
Term
Sie-imperative
 Definition
identical with the Sie form of the present tense, pronoun is always stated and follows the verb directly
Term
Imperatives of Sein
 Definition
du-imperative of sein is sei and Sie-imperative is seien Sie, different from present tense form
Term
direct object
 Definition
noun or pronoun that receives or is affected by the action of the verb. answers the question of whom or what
Term
accusative of the definite articles der, das, die
 Definition
direct object of a verb is in the accusative case. In the accusative case, the definite article der changes to den, the articles die and das remain the same in the accusative.
Term
Direct object v. Predicate Noun
 Definition
predicate noun desgnates a person, concept, or thing that is equated with the subject. A predicate noun completes the meaning of linking verbs such as sein and heißen and is in the nomative case.

The direct object is the noun or pronoun that receives or is related to the action of the verb. it is in the accusative case

nicht preceded a predicate noun and usually follows a noun or pronoun used as a direct object
Term
demonstrative pronouns in the accusative case
 Definition
the accusative forms of teh demonstrative pronouns are identical to the accusative forms of the definite articles

Wie findest du den Kaffee?
Den finde ich gut.

Wie findest du die Torte?
Die finde ich gut.
Term
Accusative of kein and ein
 Definition
indefinite article ein and negative kein change to eine and keinen before masculin nouns in the accusative singular. Th neuture and feminine indefinite articels and their corresponding negatives do not show case shcanges in the accusative singular. Ein has no plural forms, kein changes to keine though.
Term
Accusative of possessive adjectives
 Definition
the possessive adjectives (mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser, euer, Ihr) have the same endings as teh indefinite article ein in both the nominative and accusative case.

nominative - mein (M & N), meine (f & pl)

Accusative - mein (n), meinen (m), meine (f & pl)
Term
Accusative of wer and was
 Definition
accusative case form of the interrogative pronoun wer? is wen? (whom). The accusative and nominative form of was? (what?) are the same
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