Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Test #4
drugs, alcohol, and tobacco
111
Health Care
11th Grade
07/02/2008

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
drugs
Definition
substances taken into the body that change one or more of the body's functions
Term
medicines
Definition
drugs used to help cure diseases, lessen disease severity, relieve symptoms, prevent disease, help with diagnosis, or produce other desired effects
Term
side effects
Definition
effects of drugs other than the desired medical effects
Term
tolerance
Definition
a state that develops in user of certain drugs that makes larger and larger amounts of the drugs necessary to produce the same effect
Term
addiction
Definition
a physical or psychological craving for higher and higher doeses of a drug that leads to bodily harm, social maladjustment, or economic hardship
Term
drug synergy
Definition
the combined action of two days that is greater than or different from the action of either drug alone
Term
antagonist
Definition
a drug that opposes the action of another drug
Term
antibiotics
Definition

drugs used to fight bacterial infection

Term
anesthetics
Definition
drugs that kill pain, with or without producing loss of consciousness
Term
lethal dose
Definition
the amoth of a drug necessary to produce death
Term
over-the-counter (OTC) drugs
Definition
drugs legally available without a prescription
Term
prescription drugs
Definition
drugs legally available only with a physicians order
Term
generic names
Definition
the chemical names for drugs, as opposed to the brand names; the names everyone can use
Term
brand names
Definition
the names companies give to drugs; the names by which they are sold
Term
active ingredients
Definition
ingredients in a medicine that produce physical effects on the body
Term
caffeine
Definition
a mild stimulant of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) found in common foods, beverages, and medicines
Term
stimulant
Definition
any of a wide variety of drugs, including amphetamines, caffeine, and others, that speed up the central nervous system
Term
drug use
Definition
the taking of a drug for its medically intended purpose, and in the appropriate amount, frequency, strength, and manner
Term
drug abuse
Definition
the deliberate taking of a drug for other than a medical purpose and in a manner that can result in damage to a persons health or ability to function
Term
drug misuse
Definition
the taking of a drug for its medically intended purpose, but not in the appropriate amount, frequency, strength, or manner
Term
recreational drug use
Definition
a term made up, to describe their drug use, by people who clain their drug taking produces no harmful social or health effects;term not defined by the FDA
Term
euphoria
Definition
a sense of great well-being and pleasure brought on by some drugs; popularly called a high
Term
drug addiction (dependence)
Definition
a physical or psychological need for higher and higher doses of a drug
Term
endorphins
Definition
chemicals in the brain that produce feelings of pleasure in response to a variety of activities
Term
dysphoria
Definition
unpleasant feelings that occur when endorphins are lacking; these feelings often follow drug-induced euphoria
Term

physical addiction

Definition

a change in the body's chemistry so that without the presence of a substance (drug), normal functioning begins to fail, and withdrawal symptoms set in; also called physical dependence

Term
withdrawal
Definition
the physical symptoms that occur when a drug to which a person is addicted is cleared from the body tissues
Term
psychological addiction
Definition
a craving for something, mental dependence on a drug, habit, or behavior; also called psychological dependence
Term
hallucinations
Definition
false perceptions; imagined sights, sounds, smells, or other feelings, sometimes brought on by drug abuse, sometimes by mental or physical illness
Term
amphetamines
Definition
powerful, addictive stimulant drugs. Because they suppress appetite, they are reserved for use in cases where overfatness threatens health. Also called speed
Term
sedatives
Definition
drugs that have a soothing or tranquilizing effect
Term
barbiturates
Definition
depressant drugs that slow the activity of the central nervous system
Term
opiates
Definition
a group of drugs derived from the opium poppy, that relieve pain and induce sleep. Also known as narcotics
Term
narcotics
Definition
habit-forming drugs that relieve pain and produce sleep when taken in moderate doses. Also called opiates, because most are derived from the opium poppy.
Term
codeine
Definition
a narcotic drug that is commonly used for suppressing coughs
Term
opium
Definition
a narcotic drug that relieves pain and induces sleep, made from the opium poppy
Term
morphine
Definition
a narcotic drug that physicians perscribe as a painkiller
Term
heroin
Definition
a narcotic drug derived from morphine
Term
hallucinogens
Definition
drugs that cause visions and other sensory illusions
Term
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
Definition
a powerful hallucinogenic drug. Also called an acid
Term
PCP (phencyclidine hydrochloride)
Definition

an animal tranquilizer, abused by human beings as a hallucinogen

Term
peyote
Definition
a cactus that produces the hallucinogen mescaline
Term
mescaline
Definition
the hallucinogen produced by the peyote cactus
Term
designer drugs
Definition
laboratory-made drugs that closely resemble illegal drugs in chemical structure, but that are different enough to be leagl until ruled illegal
Term
Narcotics Anonymous (NA)
Definition
a free,self-help program of addiction recovery. It uses a 12-step program, promotes personal growth, and leads to the person's helping others to recovery
Term
methadone
Definition
a drug used to treat heroin addiction; it holds off withdrawal and helps people recover socially
Term
narcotic antagonists
Definition

drugs that oppose the actions of other drugs.

Term
alcohol
Definition
a class of chemical compounds
Term
alcoholism
Definition
The disease characterized by loss of control over drinking and dependence on alcohol, both of which harm health, family relations, and social and work functioning
Term
moderation
Definition
an amount of alcohol that causes no harm to health; not more than one to two drinks a day for healthy adults
Term
drink
Definition
the amount of beverage that delivers 1/2 ounce of pure ethanol-12 ounces of beer, 3 to 4 ounces of wine, 1(10 ounce) wine cooler, or 1 ounce of 100 proof liquor
Term
proof
Definition
a measure of the percentage of alcohol in alcoholic beverages. 100 means 50% alcohol, 90 means 45% alcohol
Term
intoxication
Definition
literally, a state of being poisoned; often used to mean drunkness
Term
moderate drinker
Definition
does not drink excessively. The person doesn't behave inappropriately because of alcohol. The person's health is not harmed by alcohol over the long term.
Term
social drinker
Definition
drinks only on social occasions
Term
binge drinker
Definition
drinks four or more drinks in a short period
Term
problem drinker
Definition
suffers social, emotional, family, job-related, or other problems because of alcohol.
Term
alcohol addict (alcoholic)
Definition

this person's problems, caused by alcohol abuse, are out of control. It runs their life

Term
fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
Definition
a cluster of birth defects, including permanent mental and physical retardationg and facial abnormalities, seen in children born to mothers who abuse alcohol during pregnancy
Term
DUI
Definition
driving under the influence of alcohol or other mind-altering substances
Term
breathalyzer test
Definition
a test of the alcohol level in a person's breath, which reflects the blood level of alcohol
Term
sober
Definition
free of alcohol's effects and of addiction; not drunk
Term
enable
Definition
makes possible. In addiction, means "helping" trying to "save" the addicted person from the consequences of the beahvior. This makes possible continued alcohol or other drug abuse.
Term
codependent
Definition
an enabler who is a member of the family of, or has a close relationship with, a person addicted to a drug
Term
denial
Definition
refusal to believe the facts of a circumstance
Term
blackouts
Definition
episodes of amnesia regarding periods of time while drinking
Term
amnesia
Definition
loss of memory
Term
hangover
Definition
awful feeling of headache pain, unpleasant sensations in the mouth, and nausea that a drinker suffers the morning after drinking too much-mild form of withdrawal
Term
nicotine
Definition
an addictive drug present in tobacco
Term
gateway drug
Definition
a drug whose abuse is likely to lead to abuse of other, more potent and dangerous drugs. (Alcohol, marijuana, tobacco)
Term
tars
Definition
chemicals present in tobacco
Term
carcinogens
Definition
cancer-causing agents. burning tars release this
Term
emphysema
Definition
a disease of the lungs in which many small, flexible air sacs burst and form a few large, rigid air pockets
Term
carbon monoxide
Definition
a deadly gas; a gas formed during the burning of tobacco
Term
mainstream smoke
Definition
the smoke that flows through the cigarette and into the lungs when a smoker inhales
Term
sidestream smoke
Definition
the smoke that escapes into the air from the burning tip of a cigarette or cigar, or form burning pipe tobacoo.
Term
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
Definition
the combination of exhaled mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke that enters the air and may be inhaled by other people
Term
smokeless tobacco
Definition
tobacco used for snuff or chewing rather than for smoking
Term
a physical or psychological craving for higher and higher doses of a drug that leads to bodily harm. Dependence on a substance, habit, or behvaior.
Definition
What does the term addiction mean?
Term
overusing addictivce substances. soon recquires higher and higher amounts of something
Definition

What causes a person to become addicted?

Term
the physical symptoms that occur when a drug to which a person is addicted to is cleared from the body tissues
Definition
What is withdrawal?
Term
.08
Definition
The legal level of Blood Alcohol Concentration to drive in Florida
Term

one drink?

it depends?

Definition
How many drinks would you have to have to reach the Blood Alcohol Concentration?
Term
a measure of the percentage of alcohol in alcoholic beverages
Definition
What is proof?
Term

size and weight, ate or not, amount they drink, type of alcohol

Definition
What factores affect how alcohol will affect someone?
Term

-acts against all reason and judgment

-speech, vision, and coordination are disabled

-disturbs sleep

-dulls awareness

Definition
What are short term affects of alcohol?
Term

-liver disease

-ulcers

-shrinking of body's muscles

-lung damage

-mental illness

Definition
What are the long term effects of alcohol?
Term
mild form of withdrawal. Awful feeling of headache pain, unpleasant sensations in the mouth, and nausea that a drinker suffers the morning after drinking
Definition
What is a hangover?
Term

Nicotine is an addictive drug present in tobacco.

Definition
Why are cigarettes addictive?
Term

-Hard to breathe

-relieves stress

Definition
What are the intitial effects of tobacco?
Term

-ruins your lungs

-cancer

-heart problems

Definition
What are the delayed effects of tobacco?
Term
THC-tetrahydrocannabinol
Definition
What is the chemical in marijuana that can be detected in the body?
Term
4,000
Definition
How many chemicals are tehre in cigarrettes?
Term

-travels in blood

-affects sensitive brain centers

-hallucinations

-sense of time and space mesed up

Definition

What are the short term effects of marijuana?

Term

-brain damage

-alters hearing, touch, tastes, and smell

-sleep patterns

-cancer

Definition
What ar the long term effects of marijuana?
Term
400
Definition
How many chemicals have been identified in marijuana?
Term
stimulants, increase activity, block fatigue and hunger, produce euphoria, addictive
Definition
What do amphetamines (uppers) do to the body?
Term
sedatives, act as depressants, slowing the body systems
Definition
What do barbiturates (depressants) do to the body?
Term
harmful, alter reality, abuse, dangerous
Definition
Why have cocaine and marijauna been made illegal?
Term
ephedra
Definition
What is ecstasy and why is it so addictive?
Term
originally an animal tranquilizer
Definition
What is ketamine?
Term
opiate
Definition
Why is heroine so addictive?
Term
3-6%
Definition
% of alcohol in beer
Term
12-14%
Definition
% of alcohol in wine
Term
40-50%
Definition
% of alcohol in liquor
Term

1. type

2. size, weight

3. amount

Definition
What factors determine how alcohol will effect a person?
Term
1 hour for 1/2 an ounce of alcohol
Definition
How long does it take for your body to eliminate alcohol?
Term

-tars-most harmful

-carcinogens

-flavoring agents: cocoa, licorice, prune and raisin juice

-mostening juice....

Definition

What is in cigarettes?

Term

cancer, hear and cardiovascular system, shuts down cirulation, causes wrinkiling of the skin and graying of the hair, slows normal growth of lungs, ulcers, risk of heart attack and stroke, infertile, gum disease, prevents normal sleep, impaired memory, and more....

Definition
Effects of smoking
Supporting users have an ad free experience!