Term
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Definition
-Droplet transmission
-crowded living conditions, immune-compromised
-TB bacilli found in lungs, kidney, bone, liver, spleen
-need to treat active cases & exposure, HIV+
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Term
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Definition
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-Used for prophylaxsis 6 months – 1 year
-Used in combination for TB treatment (rifampin, ethambutol & pyrazinamide) due to drug resistance 6-9 months
-May use aminoglycosides if further resistance develops |
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Term
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Definition
| SE of anorexia, cough & sputum production, increased fever, night sweats, weight loss, and positive acid-fast bacilli in the sputum, GI distress |
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Term
| *Isoniazid (INH, Nydrazid) |
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Definition
-dose: 5 mg/kg/day in single dose po or IM 6-9 months; prophylaxis 300 mg 6-12 months
-SE: rash, tremors, tinnitus, photosensitivity, n/v, constipation
-Adverse: peripheral neuropathy, vitamin B6 deficiency, psychosis, hepatotoxic, seizures, bone marrow suppression
-drug-drug: decreased absorption w/ aluminum antacids, increased effect with alcohol, dilantin, rifampin
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Term
| First-line drugs (antituberculars) |
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Definition
-drugs chosen first
-less toxic, more effective than 2nd line |
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Term
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Definition
| -1st line antitubercular that colors contact lens/body fluids orange |
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Term
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Definition
| -1st line antitubercular that has SE of dizziness, joint pain, hallucinations |
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Term
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Definition
| -1st line antitubercular that can be ototoxic, nephrotoxic, and hepatotoxic |
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Term
| Second-line Drugs (antituberculars) |
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Definition
-second choice anti TB drugs used for disseminated (spread throughout the body) TB, more toxic effects & SE
-are not as effective as 1st line drugs
-used when 1st-line drugs fail
-should be used in combination with other anti TB drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| -2nd line broad spectrum antomycobacteral drug for TB |
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Term
| Antitubercular Nursing Measures |
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Definition
-monitor compliance w/ therapy
-monitor LFT, CBC, renal function
-monitor for peripheral neuropathy
-add vitamin B6 |
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Term
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Definition
-do not mix well w/ other drugs
-treat superficial (Athlete's foot) or systemic (meningitis)
-treat candidiasis, aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, coccidiomycosis, blastomycosis |
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Term
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Definition
-treat severe systemic fungal infection
-very toxic
-long half-life: 24 hrs
-IV only
-SE: fever, flushing, chills, n/v, hypotension, thrombophlebitis, parasthesia
-Adverse: nephrotoxic, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia |
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Term
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Definition
-treat oral/vaginal candida & intestinal infections
-orally or topically, available in suspensions
-"swish and swallow" liquid med in mouth for oral thrush |
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Term
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Definition
-treat candida, cryptococcal, meningitis
-dose: 400 mg/day for 1 wk, then 200 mg/day for 4 wk
-po or IV
SE: n/v/d, anorexia, rash, headache, abd cramps |
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Term
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Definition
| -antifungal for histoplasmosis, blastomycosis |
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Term
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Definition
| -antifungal for candida, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis |
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Term
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Definition
| -antifungal vaginal suppository/cream or IV for bladder fungal infection |
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Term
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Definition
| -antifungal for giardiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis |
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Term
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Definition
-antibacterial topical ointment for skin infection and opthalmic ointment for eye infection
-IV slowly
-SE: redness, rash, hives (severe local reaction)
-Adverse: renal damage, ototoxicity |
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Term
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Definition
-antibacterial for GI tract infections, h. pylori
-prophylaxis (protect) in colorectal surgery
-SE: dizzy, confusion, headache, facial flushing, sweating, malaise (discomfort), weakness, insomnia, depression, metallic taste, brown urine
Adverse: peripheral neuropathy
-CI: avoid alcohol during & 48 hrs after tx, avoid during 1st trimester of pregnancy |
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