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| attitude based on belief based on generalizations of a certain group |
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| overgeneralization of people |
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| category of people who have been singled out as inferior or superior, on the basis of real or alleged physical characteristics such as skin color, hair texture, eye shape, or other attributes. |
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| A group socially distinguished or set apart, by others or by itself, primarily on the basis of cultural or national-origin characteristics |
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| 5 main characteristics of ethnic groups |
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Definition
Unique cultural traits.
A sense of community.
A feeling of ethnocentrism.
Ascribed membership from birth.
Tendency to occupy a geographic area. |
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| one whose members are disadvantaged and subjected to unequal treatment by the dominant group and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination. |
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| beliefs, and practices used to justify the superior treatment of one racial or ethnic group and the inferior treatment of another racial or ethnic group. |
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| highly prejudice people often exhibit _______ personality type |
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Definition
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| 6 characteristics of authoritarian type |
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Definition
excessive conformity,
submissiveness to authority,
intolerance,
insecurity,
a high level of superstition
rigid, stereotypic thinking. |
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| 4 types of discrimination |
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Definition
Isolate discrimination
Small-group discrimination
Direct institutionalized discrimination
Indirect institutionalized discrimination |
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Definition
| The coexistence of a variety of distinct racial and ethnic groups within one society. |
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| deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation |
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| when men make women sex objects |
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| primary sex characteristics |
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Definition
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Term
| elements of objectification on women |
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Definition
General Aspects Of Objectification
1. Women are responded to primarily as “females,” personal accomplishments are less important
2. Women are seen as “all alike.”
3. Women are seen as passive, so things can easily be “done to a woman”. (discrimination, harassment, and violence
Objectification Based On Preoccupation With “Looks”
1. Women are often seen as the objects of sexual attraction, not full human.
2. Women are seen by some as depersonalized body parts. Example: “a piece of ass.”
3. Depersonalized female sexuality is used for economic purposes. In the media, advertising, fashion and cosmetics industries, and pornography. |
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Term
| secondary sex characteristics |
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Definition
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| culturally and socially constructed differences between females and males. |
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| has a combination of male and female genitalia |
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| subordination of one sex based on assumption of inferiority. interwoven w/ a patriarchal system. |
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Term
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Definition
Stereotypical beliefs that reinforce, complement, or justify the prejudice.
Negative attitudes (prejudice) toward women.
Discrimination - acts that exclude, distance, or keep women separate. |
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| the age we believe people to be based on appearances or observation |
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| age in country where 1/2 ppl are older and 1/2 are younger |
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| median age is rising due to what? |
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Definition
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| 3 reasons for greying of america |
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Definition
1. large # of baby boomers in adulthood
2. increase in life expectancy
3. decrease in birth rate |
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Definition
| inequalities, differences, segregation, or conflict between age groups |
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| 3 ways sociologists classify late adulthood |
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Definition
Young old – 65-74
Old old – 75-84
Oldest old – 85+ |
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Term
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Definition
Older people have same social and psychological needs and do not want to withdraw
People tend to shift gears in late middle age and find substitutes for previous statuses, roles, and activities
Activity is directly related to longevity, happiness and health |
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| example of activity theory |
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Definition
| retired people live alone and maintain part-time jobs |
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Definition
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| economic welfare of older adults |
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Definition
| older adults get taken care of by the government |
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| social significance of age helps with what? |
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Definition
| helps society determine appropriate behaviors for certain age groups |
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Term
| how do docs in UK earn bonuses? |
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Definition
| by keeping patients healthy |
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| 3 limits many capitalists impose on free market |
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Definition
1. care must be provided to everyone
2. everyone must buy insurance
3. docs and hospitals must accept 1 standard fixed rate |
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| Japan pays ___ as much for health care and they go to docs ___ times as often |
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Definition
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| average admin cost for health care in us |
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Definition
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| average admin cost for health care in switzerland |
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Definition
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| which 2 health care stats does Great Britain do better than the US? |
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Definition
1. longer life expectancy
2. lower infant mortality |
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