Term
| Two theories of where modern humans came from |
|
Definition
Multiregional (candelabra)--all humans slowly evolved everywhere
Out of Africa -- there were two migrations of hominids out of africa, the second being modern humans |
|
|
Term
| appx date blades show up in africa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| earliest blade industry in europe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| new technology to make stone tools during the middle to upper paleolithic transition |
|
Definition
| use of bones and organic materials to make stone tools |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
35k years ago
Russian burial site
Adolescent boy buried with beads stitched to clothing
girl and old man buried with modified stone artifacts |
|
|
Term
| 32k year old statue of man with lions head. Importance? |
|
Definition
| evidence towards shamanism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Painted art as opposed to portable art
use of wall surfaces to accentuate pictures
painted animals occationally hunted but not frequently hunted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Upper paleolithic industry, emphasis on bone and antler to make microblades |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
on the coastline, much lower water line at the time aka 25k yrs ago
cave goes into a cliff, mouth is under water
the animals depicted do not reflect the frequency of animals butchered outside cave
17k yrs old |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
in the pyrranes mountains
people would watch for animals moving up and down mountains to hunt
high art chamber possible sound connotations
similar common type of piercing picture (getting speared) to lascaux chinese horses
almost all bison and horses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cave bear skulls in this cave
cave bear skull mounted on large rock in center of cave
sometimes you find claw marks on walls, over or under paintings
pictures of pierced seals
pics interpreted as jellyfish
oldest 32k yrs aurignation period
painted animals too difficult to hunt or that hunt human, dangerous |
|
|
Term
| Explosion of this type of art in Upper Paleolithic |
|
Definition
| Portable art, venus figurines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spear throwing tool like used by australian aboriginies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mammoth bones surrounding huts with hearths
hut away from the rest of the camps looking like a pottery kiln
near the kiln there is a womans burial
face sculpture with drooping face, the woman had a stroke and had droopy face |
|
|
Term
| Theory of how humans got to australia |
|
Definition
| must have made boats because indonesia was connected but not to australia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Burial in Australia dated to about 40k years ago, earliest skeleton found so this is around the time humans got to australia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Land segment that connected Russia and Alaska. Would have been flat with grasslands, cold but not uninhabitable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sinodont have shovel shaped incisor teeth, this links new world peoples (indians) to asian peoples |
|
|
Term
| earliest material artifact in the new world |
|
Definition
| caribou tibia with notches cut in it, incorrectly dated originally but now dated to 3 or 4k years which isnt oldest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ancient Greater Australia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sitting a rock on another as a platform to hit it and make a flake, makes flakes on top and bottom of core |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| around 13k years. fits with the theory that the glaciers blocking the path from alaska to the rest of the new world opened around 18k years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Site in chili with rock overhang, buttloads of flaked rock, but not human modified rock falls off cliff when it rains and flakes on ground |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organized logs with vegetation ties around them and hides draped over. Problem for clovis theory if humans were in south america before clovis |
|
|
Term
| Along the west coast theory |
|
Definition
| Water levels were lower, and there may have been a way to follow the west coast down into the americas without using the glacial pass. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dates to just after the end of the ice age
remainders of a house, supported by substancial wooden posts
evidence of rebuilding a house many times on the same location
Toggling harpoon, point comes off and sticks in animal with rope attatched |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
First established cemetery
Evidence of violence, family buried was murdered
antlers under old peoples heads |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| staying in one place, becoming stationary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cemetery
dates to 13-14k yrs ago
40% of the people in this cemetery show archaeologically detectabe evidence of violence
All facing east, lying on their hands
Men have most points in left side, evidence of archery
Women and children have points in head and neck |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the earliest sites showing sedentism and intensification, abandoned after several thousand years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Appears to be the oldest continuously habited place in the world
rrenches were terraced so bottom was very small
Founded shortly after 10k yrs ago
Early houses at Jericho were round
Tar, turquoise, all kinds of stuff from surrounding areas
Body was allowed to be cleaned of flesh by nature then skull was recovered with plaster
Produced the largest construction of anywhere in the early Neolithic
Base of a cylindrical tower, about 9m in diameter at the bottom, attatched to a wall 2m by 4m
Outside wall a ditch was dug
Purpose isn’t clear, but what it takes to build something like this is |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dates 9300 – 8500
houses here don’t look like other sites
instead of mudbrick houses, stone foundation with floor ventilation
about 8800 built a terrazzo stone floor (cement)
this structure is the only one in the place floored like this
no habitation debris
must be some kind of public building, religious, govt, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sits in the middle of a marshy area
occupied from 9300 – 8000
built from mud bricks
ceramics appear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Outside of fertile crescent rainfall area, required irrigation.
Fortifications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Evidence of canal building, organization of social structure to conscript labor to build such things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Evidence of shift towards domesticated crops, et 7500yrs ago |
|
|
