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| When something goes from the bottom to the top and back down |
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| process by which people learn the roles associated with their status positions |
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| A theoretical perspective based on the notion that social events can best be explained in terms of the functions they perform -- that is, the contributions they make to the continuity of a society. |
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made to help a group screw over another
aka one group is better than the other
The Powerful and the Weak struggling for power |
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| face to face interaction is important with how society happens |
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| --makes people come together |
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of or relating to probabilism
if anyone knows wut it is please lemme know |
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| Concerned with or involving the theory of a subject or area of study rather than its practical application |
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a. A body of practices, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline or engage in an inquiry; a set of working methods
b. The study or theoretical analysis of such working methods. |
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| Questions about human behavior can be ascertained only through controlled, systematic observations in the real world. |
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| A variable or factor causally influenced by another |
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| In the design of experiments, treatments are applied to experimental unit |
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| A variable, or factor, that causally affects another |
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| a constant in an experiment |
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| Groups that are characterized by intense emotional ties, face-to-face interaction, intimacy, and a strong, enduring sense of commitment |
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| Stable sets of roles, groups, and organizations that come together to create enduring patters of social life. |
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| groups characterized by large size and by impersonal, fleeting relationships |
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| Networks of statuses and groups created for a specific purpose. |
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| groups toward which one feels antagonism and contempt -- "those people" |
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| A type of organization marked by a clear hierarchy of authority and the existence of written rules of procedure and staffed by full-time salaried officials |
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| the supervising of the activities of some individuals or groups by others in order to ensure compliant behavior |
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| A "pure type" constructed by emphasizing certain traits of a social item that do not necessarily exist in reality. |
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| A group consisting of two persons |
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| a group consisting of three persons |
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| the way people perceive themselves based on how other people act when they are around or when people look at them |
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| that if u believe something to be true you act in such a way to make it true. |
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Ascribed Positions: Involuntary Positions into which you are born
-Religion
-Physical Appearance
-Race
-Gender
-Citizenship
-Class
Achieved Positions: Positions Taken on Through Own Efforts and Accomplishments---you have some choices in this one but not the other
Your ascribed position helps your achieved positions
Being a college student is an achieved position
Anyone has many different positions at once. |
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| he underlying regularities or patterns in how people behave and in their relations with one another. |
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| refer to the expectations attached to some status position- catalog the ways that some person in that position should behave and the ways that he/she should be treated and rewarded. |
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| the values members of a given group hold, the norms they follow, and the material goods they create. |
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| is the extension of feminism into theoretical, or philosophical discourse, it aims to understand the nature of gender inequality |
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| refers to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals into divisions of power and wealth within a society. |
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| is a broad and somewhat ambiguous belief system tied to the philosophical and cultural reaction to the convictions of Modernism (sometimes equated with Humanism). Postmodernism is the philosophical proposal that reality is ultimately inaccessible by human investigation, that knowledge is a social construction, that truth-claims are political power plays, and that the meaning of words is to be determined by readers not authors. In brief, Postmodern theory sees reality as what individuals or social groups make it to be |
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| the act of being observed changes your behavior |
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| Positions Taken on Through Own Efforts and Accomplishments |
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| Involuntary Positions into which you are born |
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| situation, in a lab or not, designed to elicit some behavior. You have a treatment group and a controlled group. |
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| a series of questions posed to respondents, verbal or written. |
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| observation in real life situations, as a participant or bystander |
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| analysis of printed documents |
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| is the tendency to believe that one's ethnic or cultural group is centrally important, and that all other groups are measured in relation to one's own. |
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| is a group of people with a culture (whether distinct or hidden) which differentiates them from the larger culture to which they belong |
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| "the rules that a group uses for appropriate and inappropriate values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors |
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| if left unchecked, we would all be deviant |
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not a deviant because of what you do but because some label has been applied to you
consequences of labeling |
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| if left unchecked, we would all be deviant |
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not a deviant because of what you do but because some label has been applied to you
consequences of labeling |
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| People Decide whether to deviate after weighing the possible costs and benefits |
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| Life Course Theory of Crime |
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- that your life is a course
-stages of life:that your life course is broken up into stages, you find out what stage of life someone is in based on there stage of life. -somethings are okay depending on the age. |
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| Differential Association Theory |
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| Deviance is learned in primary groups |
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| More positive messages the more likely you are not to part take in deviant behavior. With more negative messages the more likely you are to part take in deviant behavior. |
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| The notion of anomie: are no rules or norms. Standard out there but its hard to get there. |
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| hypothesis testing with historical data |
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| How Individuals are effected by there surroundings/people around you |
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| The study is an analysis of homosexual acts taking place in public toilets |
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| which measured the willingness of study participants to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts that conflicted with their personal conscience |
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| The Stanford Prison Experiment |
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| was a study of the psychological effects of becoming a prisoner or prison guard. |
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| Nearly 400 poor black men with syphilis from Macon County, Ala., were enrolled in the study. hey were never told they had syphilis, nor were they ever treated for it. According to the Centers for Disease Control, the men were told they were being treated for "bad blood," a local term used to describe several illnesses, including syphilis, anemia and fatigue. unethical. |
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| is the ability to discern the relationship between large-scale social forces and the actions of individuals.[ |
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| Marx argued that capitalism, like previous socioeconomic systems, would inevitably produce internal tensions which would lead to its destruction. THought socialism would replace it |
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-Attempted every virtual cure for racism
-concept of double conciousness
-one self of identity and one self are greatly influenced by historical information and circumstances |
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| Weber argued that ascetic Protestantism particular to the Occident was one of the major "elective affinities" in determining the rise of capitalism, bureaucracy and the rational-legal nation-state |
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Durkheim refined the positivism originally set forth by Auguste Comte, promoting epistemological realism and the hypothetico-deductive model. For him, sociology was the science of institutions, its aim being to discover structural "social facts"
--sociology must study social facts which are the aspects of social life that shapes our actions
-- social constraint is something members put over its actions |
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| biologically fixed patterns of action found in all cultures |
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| is the process by which different cultures are absorbed into a mainstream culture |
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| respecting cultural diversity and promoting equality of different cultures |
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| the primary vehicle of meaning and communication in a society |
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| feeling of aimlessness or dispare caused by modern social life |
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