zolpidem

(Ambien, Ambien CR)

Classification: Sedative/hypnotic

Indications: Insomnia

Action: Sedation and induction of sleep

Major Adverse Side Effects: NVD, anaphylactic reactions, hallucinations.

Routes: PO

amitriptyline

(Elavil)

Classification: antidepressant

Indications: Depression

Action: Potentiates the effect of serotonin and norepinephrine in the CNS

Major Adverse Side Effects: arrhythmias, hypotension, constipation, sedation

Routes: PO, IM

lithium

Classification: Mood Stabilizer

Indications: Manic episodes of manic depressive illness

Action: Prevents/decreases incidence of acute manic episodes

Major Adverse Side Effects: Seizures, impaired memory, arrhythmias, muscle weakness, hypothyroidism 

Routes: PO

olanzapine

(Zyprexa)

Classification: Antipsychotic, mood stabilizer

Indications: psychotic disorders: including bipolar disorder, treatment of schizophrenia

Action: Decreases manifestations of psychoses

Major Adverse Side Effects: neuroleptic malignant syndrome, seizures, sedation, tachycardia

Routes: PO, IM

trazodone

(Desyrel, Trialodine, Trazon)

Classification: antidepressant

Indications: Major depression

Action: Alters the effects of serotonin in tht CNS

Major Adverse Side Effects: drowsiness, hypotension arrhythmias

Routes: PO

phenelzine

(Nardil)

Classification: Antidepressant, MAO inhibitor

Indications: Depression in patients who have failed other drug therapies

Action: improved mood in depressed patients

Major Adverse Side Effects: seizures, hypertensive crysis,  arrhythmias

Routes: PO

venlafaxine

(Effexor, XR)

Classification: antidepressant, antianxiety agent

Indications: Major depressive illness or relapse, in conjunction with psychotherapy, social and general anxiety

Action: decreases anxiety

Major Adverse Side Effects: seizures, abnormal dreams, anxiety, insomnia

Routes: PO

haloperidol

(Haldol)

Classification: antipsychotic

Indications: acute and chronic psychotic desorders including schizophrenia, manic states, drug-induced psychoses

Action:  diminishes SSx of psychoses

Major Adverse Side Effects: seizures, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, extrapyramidal reactions

Routes: PO, IM

sertraline

(Zoloft)

Classification: Anitdepressant, SSRI

Indications: Major depressive disorders, panic disorder

Action: Antidepressant action

Major Adverse Side Effects: tremor, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, diarrhea

Routes: PO

rivastigmine

(Exelon)

Classification: anti-Alzheimer's agent, cholinergic

Indications: Mild to moderate dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease

Action: Decreases dementia associatede w/ Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Major Adverse Side Effects: weakness, anorexia, NVD

Routes: PO, transdermal

phenytoin

(Dilantin)

Classification: antiarrythmics, anticonvulsants

Indications: Treatment/prevention of tonic-clonic seizures and complex partial seizures

Action: Diminished seizure activity

Major Adverse Side Effects: Stevens-Johnsons syndrome, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia

Routes: PO, IV

nitrous oxide

Classification: Anesthetic

Indications: General anesthesia during dental procedures

Action: dulls pain during surgical procedures

Major Adverse Side Effects:

Routes: Aerosol 

lovaststin

(Altoprev, Mevacor)

Classification: lipid lowering agent, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Indications: Primary prevention of CHD

Action: Lowers total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides

Major Adverse Side Effects: rhabdomyolysis, abdominal cramps, constipation

Routes: PO

ezetimibe

(Ezetrol, Zetia)

Classification: lipid lowering agent

Indications: Managment of dyslipidemias, including hypercholesterolemia

Action: lowering of cholesterol, a risk factor for atherosclerosis

Major Adverse Side Effects: angioedema, pancreatitis

Routes: PO

cholestyramine

(Prevalite, Questran/light)

Classification: lipid lowering agent

Indications: Managment of primary hypercholsterolemia

Action:decreases plasma cholesterol and LDLs

Major Adverse Side Effects: abdominal discomfort, constipation, vitamin A, D, K deficiency

Routes: PO

ethosuximide

(Zarontin)

Classification: anticonvulsant

Indications: absent seizures

Action: reduces the frequency of absent seizures

Major Adverse Side Effects: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, depression, seizures

Routes: PO

propofol

(Diprivan, Disoprofol)

Classification: General anesthetic

Indications: general anesthesia, maintenance of balanced anesthesia

Action: induction and maintenance of anesthesia

Major Adverse Side Effects: apnea, bradycardia, hypotension

Routes: IV

fenofibrate

(Tricor, Antara)

Classification: lipid lowering agent

Indications: used w/ dietary therapy to decrease LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides in adults hypercholesterolemia or dyslipidemia

Action: lowers cholsterol and triglycerides w subsequent decrease risk of pancreatitis

Major Adverse Side Effects: fatique weakness, pancreatitis

Routes: PO

Classification: water soluble vitamins, lipid lowering agents

Indications: treatment anf prevention of niacin deficiency

Action: decreases blood lipids

Major Adverse Side Effects: hepatotoxicity, GI upset pruritus

Routes: PO

amiodarone

(Cordarone, Pacerone) 

Classification: antiarrythmias

Indications: life threatening ventricular arrhythmias unresponsive to less toxic agents

Action: suppression of arrythmias

Major Adverse Side Effects: Adult respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary toxicity, CHF, liver function abnormalities, toxic epidermal necrolysis

Routes: PO, IV

Classification: Anesthetics-local/topical

Indications: ventricular arrythmias and pain

Action: cotrol of ventricular arrythmias and local anesthetic

Major Adverse Side Effects: seizures, cardiac arrest, anaphylazis 

Routes: IM, IV, topical/local

Classification: neuromuscular blocker

Indications: anesthesia adjunct, used for intubation and mechanical ventilation

Action: neuromuscular blockade

Major Adverse Side Effects: anaphylaxis, prolonged uscular block, bronchospasms

Routes: IV

Carbidopa-levodopa

(Parcopa, Sinemet)

Classification: antiparkinson agent

Indications: used for Parkinson's Disease

Action: Relief of tremors and rigidity in Parkinson's Syndrome

Major Adverse Side Effects: involuntary movements, NV

Routes: PO

glatiramer

 (Copaxone)

Classification: immune supressant, CNS agent

Indications: relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

Action: modifies immune processes or functions which are thought to be liable for MS pathogenesis

Major Adverse Side Effects: eosinophilia, anaphaylaxis, dyspnea, diplopia

Routes: SQ

riluzole

(Rilutek)

Classification: CNS agent, Glutamine antagonist

Indications: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Action: inhibits glutamine release

Major Adverse Side Effects: cardiac arrest, neutropenia

Routes: PO

Classification: stimulant

Indications: headache, somnolence

Action: 

Major Adverse Side Effects: cardiac dysrythmia, tachyarryhtmia CNS stuimulation

Routes: PO

dextroamphetamine

(Dexedrine, Dextrostat)

Classification: CNS Stimulant, amphetamine

Indications: Narcolepsy

Action: Increase motor activity and mental alertness and decreases fatigue in narcolepsy patients

Major Adverse Side Effects: hyperactivity, insomnia, tachycardia, palpitiations, anorexia

Routes: PO

methylphenidate

(Ritalin)

Classification: CNS stimulant

Indications: treatment of ADHD, treatment of narcolepsy

Action: Increased attention span in ADHD, increase motor activity, mental alertness

Major Adverse Side Effects: hyperactivity, insomnia, tachycardia, tremors, anorexia, palpitations

Routes: PO

naloxone

(Narcan)

Classification: Antidote (opioid)

Indications: reversal of CNS depression and respiratory depression because od opioid overdose

Action: reversal of signs of opioid excess

Major Adverse Side Effects: hypertension, hypotension, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation

Routes: IV, IM

morphine sulfate

(Duramorph)

Classification:opioid analgesic

Indications: severe pain, pulmonary edema

Action: decreases in severity of pain

Major Adverse Side Effects: respiratory depression, sedation, hypotension, constipation

Routes: PO, IM, IV, Epidural, SQ,  

Classification: antipyretics, NSAID

Indications: inflammatory disorders, mild to moderate pain

Action: analgesia. reduction of inflammation, reduction of fever

Major Adverse Side Effects: GI bleeding, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, epidermal necrolysis, anaphylaxis

Routes: PO

Classification: antipyretics, NSAID

Indications: mild to moderate pain, inflammatory disorders,  lowering of fever

Action: decreased pain and inflammation, reduction of fever

Major Adverse Side Effects: GI bleeding, hepatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, anaphylaxis

Routes: PO

Classification: antipyretics, NSAID

Indications: mild to moderate pain, inflammatory disorders,  lowering of fever

Action: decreased pain and inflammation, reduction of fever

Major Adverse Side Effects: GI bleeding, hepatitis, anaphylaxis

Routes: PO

sumatriptan

(Imitrex)

Classification: Vascular headache suppressant

Indications: Acute treatment of migraine attacks

Action: Relief of acute attacks of migraine

Major Adverse Side Effects: vertigo, injection site reaction, MI

Routes: PO, SQ, Nasal

methotrexate

(Folex, Trexall, Rheumatrex)

Classification: Antineoplastic, antirheumatoics, immunosuppressant

Indications: treatment of severe psoriasis anf rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive to convential therapy

Action: death of rapidly replicating cells, particulary malignant ones and immunosuppression

Major Adverse Side Effects: arachnoiditisaplastic enemia, pulmonary fibrosis

Routes: PO, IV, IM

Classification: antigout agent

Indications: acute attacks of gouty arthritis, prevention of the recurrance of gout

Action: decreased pain and inflammation in acute attacks of gout

Major Adverse Side Effects: agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, NVD

Routes: PO, IV

allopurinol

(alloprim)

Classification: antigout agent

Indications: prevention of attack of gouty arthritis and nephropathy

Action: lowering of serum uric acid levels

Major Adverse Side Effects: rash, hepatitis, renal failure, hematuria, bone marrow depression

Routes: PO, IV

etanercept

(Enbrel)

Classification: antirheumatics

Indications: decrease the progression and SSx of rheumatoid arthritis

Action: decreased inflammation and slowed progression of arthritis

Major Adverse Side Effects: infections, upper respiratory tract infection

Routes: SQ