Term
|
Definition
Spores found in contaminated soil usually ingested by grazing animals.
-Spores can survive in soil for several decades
-Infected animal carcasses are infective |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Humans (accidental hosts) are infected by handling infected animal hair, skin, or wastes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cutaneous
Inhalation (Woolsorter's Disease)
Gastrointestinal |
|
|
Term
| Cutaneous Anthrax Symptoms |
|
Definition
-Skin infection begins as a raised itchy bump that resembles an insect bite
-But within 1-2 days develops into a vesicle
-And then a painless ulcer, usually 1-3 cm in diameter, with a characteristic black necrotic (dying) area in the center
-Lymph glands in the adjacent area may swell |
|
|
Term
| Inhalation Anthrax Transmission |
|
Definition
-Humans may become infected ny the inhalation of the endospores
-(Now use as biological warfare to threatens mass infection)
-However, thousands of spores have to inhaled before a person becomes ill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Resemble common cold/flu
-after several days, the symptoms may progress to severe breathing problems and shock
-after onset of respiratory distress, death usually comes within 24 hrs
-inhalation anthrax is usually fatal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only FDA recommended antibiotic is Ceprofloxaxin |
|
|
Term
| Cutaneous Anthrax treatment |
|
Definition
penicillin
* About 20% of untreated cases will result in death |
|
|
Term
| Gastrointestinal anthrax transmission |
|
Definition
| result from ingestion of contaminated meat (not possible in the U.S.) |
|
|
Term
| Gastrointestinal symptoms |
|
Definition
-acute inflammation of the intestinal tract
-initial signs of nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, fever followed by:
-abdominal pain,vomiting of blood and severe diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Anthrax Virulence Factors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
conisting of poly-D-glutamate polypeptide
-All virulent B. anthracis forms this capsule
-S is virulent (smooth)
-R is avirulent (rough)
Function: protect against bactericidial components of serum and phagocytes. Important in the establishment of the infection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Diffusible exotoxins that plays a major role in the pathogenesis of anthrax
-the level of the lethal toxins in the cirulation increases rapidly quite late in the disease, and it closely paralles the concentration of organisms in the blood
- death is apparently due to the toxins causing oxygen depletion, secondary shock, increased vascular permeability, respiratory failure and cardiac failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a nonencapsulated toxigenic strain has een used effectively in livestock
-The Sterne strain of Bacillus antrhacis produes sublethal amounts of the toxin that induces formation of protective antibody |
|
|
Term
| Human Vaccines fro Anthrax |
|
Definition
a preparation of the protective antigens recovered from the culture filtrate of an avirulent, nonencapsulated strain of bacillus anthracis
-It contains only a part of the exotoxin |
|
|
Term
| Tetanus (Lockjaw) Reservoirs |
|
Definition
-endospore contaminated soils
-vegetative bacteria found in intestines of many animals and humans. Bacillus within the intestine does not cause disease. Spores excreted in feces to the soil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
puncture wounds
-spores cline to thorns, glass, rusty nails
-Within the oxygen-free tissue of wound spores germinate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neurotoxin, tentanospasmin, which interferes with synapitc inhibition of skeletal muscles, leading to sustained contraction (convulsions). Death from paralysis of breathing muscles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Several hours after puncture patient experiences muscle stiffness
-Facial and swallowing muscles first
-Spasms of jaw muscles cause teeth to clench
-patient often has a fixed smile
-Then, spasmodic inhalation, seizures in the diaphragm and rib muscles occur which leads to reduce ventilation and death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Severe hyperextension and spasticity individual's head, neck, and spinal column enter into a complete "bridging" or "arching" position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-penicillin- to destroy organisms
-tetanus antitoxin-to neutralize the toxin
-with sedatives and muscle relaxants
-often the patient is placed in quiet,dark room |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-tetanus toxoid part of diphteria-tetanus-pertussin vaccine [DPT or DTaP]
-booster shot with Td vaccine recommend every 10 yrs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-endospore contaminate soils
-vegetative bacteria found in intestines of many animals and humans |
|
|
Term
| Gas gangrene Virulence factors |
|
Definition
-C. perfringens grows in the necrotic tissue
-It ferments the carbohydrates in the tissure and produces gases-carbon dioxide and hydrogen-which swell the tissue
-it secrete enzymes and toxin which kill more tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-intense pain and swelling at the wound site
-foul odor
-initial site turns dull red
-then green and finally blue/black
-toxins may damage heart and nervous system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-antibiotics
-debridement, amputation or exposure in a hyperbaric oxygen chamber |
|
|
Term
| leptospirosis reservioirs |
|
Definition
-Animal infection with l. interrogans shed the organisms through urine
-infected animals often rodents and dogs
-leptospirosis has been considered an occupation disease for sewer works, farmers, meatpacking workers, or veterinarians
-can be obtaind from flood contaminated water |
|
|
Term
| leptospirosis virulence factors |
|
Definition
-spirochete can enter body through skin
-small abrasion or the soft tissue of foot
-colonizes the kidney tubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-after incubation period of 1-2 weeks, headaches, muscular aches, chills, and fever abruptly appear
-several days later the symptoms disappear
-few days later fever occurs again as it infects different organs
-small nuber of cases kidneys and liver becomes seriously infected (Weil's disease)
-kidney failure most common cause of death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| penicillin is generally succssful unless in late stage of disease (kidney failure) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| isolating pathogens from the blood or cerebrospinal fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a.k.a black death
-because of the characteristic blacking areas on the skin cause by hemorrhages
The name bubonic plauge comes from the buboes
-that form in the lymph nodes in groin and armpit regions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-motile gram negative rod stains heavily at the poles -safety pin apperance |
|
|
Term
| bubonic virulence factors |
|
Definition
-multiplies in bloodstream often within phagocytes, localizes in the lymph nodes
-produces capsule at body temp
-new cells can evade phagocytes
-endotoxin release leads to shock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
infected rodents population and infected rat fleas (zoonis)
Transmission- rat flea bite, or rat flea feces scratched into skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of the organism causing respiratory involvement - pneumonic plaque |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transmission is by airborne droplet from the respiratory aerosols by patient with pneumonic plague |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antibiotics: tetracycline and streptomycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| isolation of Y. pestis from blood or buboes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consisting of killed Y.pestis cell available for high risk groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: Francisella tularenis
-gram negative rod also displays bipolar staining |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- also called rabbit fever
-prevalent in rabbits, wild animals, and rodents
-cats and ogsthat romp in wooden areas
-humans often infected by ticks that have fed on these infected animals
-humans also can get from animal fur contact to a skin abrasion
-humans may also inhale the bacteria leading to pulmonary symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one of the most infectious pathogenic bactieria known- inoculation or inhalation of as few as 10 organisms to cause disease
-humans often infected by ticks that have fed on infected animals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first sign of disease is local inflammation and skin ulcer at the site of the bite
-lymph nodes enlarge
-microorganism can produce spticemia pneumonia and abscesses through out the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-antibiotics tetracycline, streptomycin, and/or gentamycin
-but prolonged administration is necessary (bacteria hide within phagocytes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name for old lyme, agent:borrelia burgdorferi--- a spirochete |
|
|
Term
| lyme disease transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-asymptomatic
-mammals rodents infected ticks ixodes scapularis and ixodes pacificus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-a systemic immune complex inflammatory disorder
-spreading of bull eye rash from intial bite
-joint involvement (arthritis like symptoms)
-damage to cardivascular and nervous symptoms
-[late chronic-irregular heart beats, migraine headaches, hearing and vision abnormalities, loss of muscle tone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-based on symptoms
-late stage-blood samples tested for spirochetal antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-early stage treatment with penicillin and tetracyline
-late stage requires massive amout of antibiotic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
FDA approved a vaccine of B. burgdorferi out surface lipoprotein
-requires 3 injections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: borrelia recurrentis (human pathogen)
- A spirochete |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spread by the bite of the human body louse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-human to human
-no case U.S.
-over crowed, poverty stricken regions with no public health systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: borrelia hermsii and borrelia turicatae
-A spirochete |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wild rodents and ticks, the ticks can remain infective for life and pass the infection on to the next generation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -people get relapsing fever from the bite of an infect rodent tick |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-causes fever, shaking, headaches, drenching sweats which lasts from 2-9 days and alternates with a perios of 2-4 days without fever, after which fever returns
-the num. of relapses varie from 1-10 or more(bacteria make different surface antigens that evades immune system)
-the first onset of fever is often accompnied by a rash
-relapsing fever can be fatal if not treated |
|
|
Term
| relapsing fever treatment |
|
Definition
| tetracyline or erythromycin |
|
|
Term
| rocky mountain spotted fever |
|
Definition
agent: Rickettsia rickettsii
-very small bacterium that must live inside the cells of its hosts
-rickettsia live and multiply primarily within cells that line small to medium sized blood vessels
-once inside the host the rickettsiae multiply resulting damage and death of these cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
it is zoonoses, a disease of animals that can be transfer to humans
-there are two major vectors of R.rickettsii in the U.S. the american dog tick and the rocky mnt. wood tick
-rickettsiae are transmitted to a vertebrate host through saliva while a tick is feeding |
|
|
Term
| rocky mnt. spotted fever hst. |
|
Definition
-first recognized in the snake river valley
-originally called "black measles" bc/ of the characteristic rash
-it was a dreaded and frequently fatal disease that affected 100s of people in this area
-Howard Taylor Ricketts- described the organism and showed that icks transmit the disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-incubation period 5-10days after a tick bite
-first signs are high fever lasting for many days
-then 2 to 5 days after beginning of the fever, a rash appear that reflects damage to the sm. blood vessels
- rash begins as pink spots called macules
-progresses to pink-red pimple like spots called papules
-spots fuse and form maculopapular rash which become dark red
-rash begins hand and feet, progressively spreads to the body trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- antibody detecting tests exist to confirm diagnosis
-one ex.: traditional Weil-
Felix test- patient blood serum is tested for whether it clumps together proteus OX19. Rickettsiae possess antigens also located proteus cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-tetracycline (doxycycline) or chloramphenicol
-early treatment within 4 to 5 days of the disease, results in fever subsiding in 24 to 48 hours |
|
|
Term
| epidemic typhus (typhus fever) |
|
Definition
| agent:Rickettsia prowazekii |
|
|
Term
| epidemic typhus reservoir |
|
Definition
bacteria transmitted to humans by head and body lice
-lice are natural parasites of humans, flourish in conditions of poor sanitation and hygiene
-transmitted by lice that dewell in human feces, the disease is highly contagious |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-high prolong fever
reaching 104 F for as long as 2 weeks
-rash appearing first on the body trunk and then progressing to the extremities
-high mortality if untreated due to damages to blood vessels and organs like the heart |
|
|
Term
| epidemic typhus treatment |
|
Definition
-tetracycline (doxycycline) and chloramphenicol
-Destruction and removial of lice population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-rats and other rodents in the human's enviroment
-aka Murine typhus
-murine latin for mouse |
|
|
Term
| endemic typhus transmitted |
|
Definition
| to humans by the rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis) also known as mexican typhus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-mild fever, persistent headache
-if rash is formed it covers the trunk but not the extremities
-often recovery is spontaneous; mortality rate less than 5% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-tetracycline (doxycline) or chloramphenicol
-removal of the rodents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
- Japanese for tsutsuga-disease mushi-mite |
|
|
Term
| scrub typhus transmitted by |
|
Definition
| mites that occur in scrub land |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: Rickettsia akari
- akari greek for mite |
|
|
Term
| rickettsial pox transmitted |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fever and skin rash similar to that of chicken pox
-considered a benign disease bc fatalities are rare |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintana
- one of the few richettsiae that can be cultivated outside of living cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-fever, chills, headache, and severe pain in the tibia
- a maculopapular rash may or may not appear
-symptoms may reappear at 5 day intervals and thus the disease is also called 5 day fever
-mortality is very low |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aka Boutonneus fever, Marseilles fever, Nigerian typhus, South African tick bite
Agent: Rickettsia conorii |
|
|
Term
| tickborne fever transmitted |
|
Definition
tick
-wild rodents harbor disease in nature |
|
|
Term
| tickborne fevers symptoms |
|
Definition
| a mild form of rocky mountain spotted fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -recurrence of an earlier case of typhus in which Rickettsia prowazekii has been dormant in the patient for many years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-primarily a tick borne disease of dogs
-the Ehrilichia preferentially infect leukocytes
- they enter the cell by phagocytosis
-the organism grows within the membrane bound phagosomes and are released by lysis of the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
human monocytic ehrilichiosis [HME]
-transmitted lone star tick |
|
|
Term
| E. phagocytophilia (E.equi) |
|
Definition
human granulocytic ehrilichiosis [HGE]
-transmitted by deer and dog ticks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-heahaches, malaise(body weakness discomfort), fever, and some liver disease
-resembles rocky mnt fever except that the rash does not devlop in most patients
-there is lowering of white blood cell count (leukopenia) due to white blood cell lysis
-human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) mortality rate is near 10% |
|
|
Term
| Human Dilemma and The STDs problem |
|
Definition
1. humans require sexual activity to procreate
-the prime directive of all life
2. STDs require sexual activity for their transmission
3. powerful reward systems are built into the performance of the STD transmission act (sexual intercourse)
Thus: STD microbes best viewed as deadly hitchhikers on a natural process that our very survival requires |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agent: gram neg. spirochete Treponema pallidum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| human to human usually during sexual intercourse |
|
|
Term
| syphilis incubation period |
|
Definition
| the average is three week before one see any symptoms (but it can be up to three months) |
|
|
Term
| syphilis passes through 3 phases: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- a lesion at the initial site of infection
-an open sore called chancre
-they are usually on the penis or wall of vagina
- they are painless and the initial lesion heals up spontaneously
-many syphilis infections are cured by our natuarl host defense system at this stage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-organism travel to other parts of the body
-it causes skin rashed (that may be mistaken for measles, rubella, or chicken pox) and hair loss visible in eyebrows
- at this stage is highly infectious |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-organism invades the nervous systems
-hallmark tertiary syphilis is the gumma, soft, gummy granular lesion
-due to weakening of major blood vessels causing them to bulge and burts
-other lesions can occur in brain that lead to insanity, blindness, and eventual death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-primary stage- observation of spirochetes from the chancre using fluorescence of dark-filed microscope
-later stages- tests fro syphilis antibodies in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| penicillin for the primary and secondary stages of the disease. Less effective at the latent stage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: Neisseria gonorrhoeae - gram negative coccus with characteristic double -bean shape (common known as gonococcus)
-aka "CLAP" (French clappoir for "brothel" |
|
|
Term
| gonorrhea special virulence factor |
|
Definition
| Bacteria attaches to urethra using a special pili |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- person to person contract during sexual intercourse
-very fragile organisms survives only brief period outside body, easily killed most antiseptics and disinfectants |
|
|
Term
| gonorrhea incubation period |
|
Definition
| one day to two weeks till first symptoms |
|
|
Term
| gonorrhea symptoms female |
|
Definition
-female symptoms are usually a mild vaginites similar to other vaginal infections
-it often goes unnoticed and untreated
- in fact, infected females are the major reservior of continued infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-pus and swelling in the urethra that cause painful and frequent urination
-note yellowish discharge at tip of penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
often leads to sterility in both sexxes if left untreated
- there is no immunity and a cured individual can catch the disease repeatedly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antibiotics like penicillin
-but penicillin resistant gonorrhea have been found |
|
|
Term
Gonococcal pharyngitis
Gonococcal proctitis |
|
Definition
-gonorrhea can also infect the mouth, throat
-and anus/rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bacteria may infect the eyes, particularly of babies at birth and can lead to blindness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gram-negative diplococci in the discharge from the urogenital tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physician take swab sample and dip the swab into an antibody solution. a color reaction after a few hrs indicates presence or absence of gonococci |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bacteria: chlamydia trachomatis
-unusual very sm. bacteria bc/ it lives inside cells that it infects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are often painful urination and a watery discharge |
|
|
Term
| chlamydia incubation period |
|
Definition
| symptoms of infection begin to show within one to two weeks |
|
|
Term
| chlamydia infection complications |
|
Definition
-grows in the male and female urethra
-often called nongonococcai urethritis (inflammation of the urethra)
-this inflammation may cause sterility
-males-- if inflammation spreads to the epididymis
-females-- if inflammation spreads tothe uterine tubes and cause scarring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
it can also effect the pelvic regions
-pelvic region includes the uterus, cervix, and uterine tubes or ovaries
-Called Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
-PID can also be cause by N.gonorrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chlamydia will aslo infect the eye. It causes redness and irritation around the linings of the eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-flourescent antibody test using monoclonal antibodies against C. trachomatis
-Immunoassay test with antibodies against C. trachomatis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tetracycline and/or erythromycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: ureaplasma urealyticum
-a mycoplasma with the ability to digest urea in culture media
-mycoplasma have no cell wall
-microplasma hominis and microplasma genitalium also causes urethritis but are not able to digest urea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-urethral pain usually aggravated during urination
-some discharge often variable
-symptoms are mild compared to gonorrhea and chlamydia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tetracycline ** penicillin can NOT be used |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually depends on eliminating gonorrhea or other type of non- gonorrhea (NGU) |
|
|
Term
| ureaplasmal complications |
|
Definition
-In male- affect sperm counts and sperm cell motility
-In female- can result in sterility if infection spread to fallopian tubes and blocks eggs passage to uterus (salpingitis)
-also report that it causes spontaneous abortions and premature births |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: Haemophilus ducreyi
-gram negative rod |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chancroid is a STD that is common in tropical countries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-first sign of infection is one or more sores or raised bumps on the genital organs
-they are surrounded by a narrow red border which soon becomes filled with pus and eventually ruptures
-leaving a painful open sore (soft chancre)
-untreated ulcer can last for weeks and is highly infectious
-often spreads to inguinal lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| isolation of H.ducreyi from the lesions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-often disappear without treatment
-tetracycline, erthromycin, sulfonamide drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: Mycobacterium leprae
-acid fast, slow growing (can only be cultured in armadillos) |
|
|
Term
| leprosy virulence factors |
|
Definition
| waxy cell wall, survives in macrophages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
direct contact with nasal secretions;
-portal of entry -mucus membranes or skin abrasions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
is characterized by regions of the skin that have loss sensations and are surrounded by a border of nodules
-cell mediated immunity keeps it confined to nodules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
skin cells are infected and disfiguring nodules form all over the body
-especially in peripheral nerves of cooler areas of the body (hands, nose, feet) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
best early diagnosis and early treatment (lepromin test similar to tuberculin test)
-treatment multiple drug therapy for extended periods to avoid resistant strains
-similar treatment to tuberculosis |
|
|
Term
| staphylococcal skin infections |
|
Definition
agent; staphylococcus aureus
-gram positive, coccus in clusters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
found in nasal passages and on skin as normal flora
-causes many infections in skin wounds |
|
|
Term
| staphylococcal virulence factors |
|
Definition
produces coagualase, B-hemolysis, leukocidins and some strains an exotoxin (exfoliative toxin)
-exfoliative toxin- cause of scalded skin syndrome in infants
-skin becomes red, wrinkled and tender to the touch
-pimples are infections of hair foilicies resulting in a abscess (pusfilled lesion)
-boil is a skin abscess often begins as pimple
-carbuncles deep skin abscesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-widespread staphylococcal skin disease which involved patches of epidermis
- thin-walled blisters that ooze a yellowish fluid that form yellowish brown crust |
|
|
Term
| staphylococcal skin infections complications |
|
Definition
1. infection can spread to lymphatic channels, leading to septicemia
2. certain strains produce toxins which may lead to toxic shock syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-complicated bc mutidrug-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) exist.
- now using vancomycin
-however vancomycin resistant staphylococci have also been detected
-skin infections also treated by vigorous scrubbing with betadine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
is a blood disorder characterized by:
-sudden onset of fever, chills, vomitting, diarrhea, muscle pains and rash
-caused by a toxin producing strain of staphylococcus aureus
example: occured in a menstruating women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shock- this blood infection can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure that could lead to shock and heart failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
penicillin if not MRSA
-blood transfusion if necessary to control the shock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
agent: chlamydia trachomatis
trachoma- greek =rough |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-disease of eye where membrane that cover the cornea and forms the inner eyelid has a rough apperance
-can lead to blindness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pink eye
-agent:Haempophilus aegyptius
-sometimes called H. influenze biotype III
-gram neg. rods
-conjunctivitis= disease of conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the cornea and forms the inner eyelid |
|
|
Term
| bacterial conjunctivitis symptoms |
|
Definition
-membrane become inflamed-pink color to whie of eye
-discharge, eyes are swollen and itch
-vision in bright light is impaired |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-face to face contact
-airborne droplets
-contaminated hands, towels, optometric instruments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-usually heals on own in 2 weeks
-topical neomycin may be administered to hasten recovery |
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Term
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Definition
| life threaten blood disease of a variant of H. aegyptius |
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Term
| brazilian purpuric fever symptoms |
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Definition
-nausea, vomitting, fever, and hemorrhagic skin lesions
-many patient display conjunctivitis before onset of more serious symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
agent: treponema pertenue
-spriochete identical to syphilis |
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Term
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Definition
| -skin contact usually in a tropical area |
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Term
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Definition
-involve the occurrence of a painless papyle called the "mother yaw" as the primary stage
-following healing and complete dissemination of the organisms, many papules return after 1-12 months and occur on the face and moist body areas |
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