Term
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Definition
| a chemical mutagen that repalces guanine used in treatment of herpes virus |
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Definition
| a chemical mutagen that prevents formation of phos. Di backbone |
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Definition
| chemical mutagen that repalces T used in AIDS treatment |
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Term
| nucleotide base analogues |
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Definition
| chemical mutagen that prevents formation of intact DNA molecules |
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Definition
| uptake and insertion of “naked” DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| mating and exchange of DNA by mating types |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA is carried by a virus from one cell to another |
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Term
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Definition
| first discovered by Griffith studies of S. pneumoniae in 1929. Studied Smooth cells that have capsule. rough colonies lack capsule (not pathogenic) |
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Definition
exchange of genetic material b/w mating types.
involves transer of plasmid DNA |
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Definition
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Definition
(type of plasmid)
antibiotic resistant, encode for enzymes |
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Definition
(type of plasmid)
encode for killer proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| organism of sex (in plasmids) |
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Term
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Definition
| plasmids that insert into nuclear DNA |
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Term
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Definition
"jumping genes"
genes taht exchange places within a DNA molecule or move from one molecule to another |
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Term
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Definition
| transposons were first studied by? |
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Definition
| used as vectors to introduce foreign genes into bacteria ("gen. engineered") |
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Term
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Definition
| peptide hormone w/ a known AA sequence |
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Term
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Definition
| protein coat, protects teh N.acid functions in the recognition of teh virus. can be tissue specific |
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Term
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Definition
| tissue specificity of a virus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| internal organ viral infector |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| intestinal viral infector (polio) |
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Term
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Definition
| respiratory tract viral infector |
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Term
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Definition
| rod-shaped; the nucleic acid is surrounded by protein subunits called capsomeres that make up the capsid |
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Term
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Definition
| capsid (made up of capsidmeres) forms an icosahedron or a 20-sided figure; example is the polio virus |
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Term
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Definition
| a virus that contains a lipid bilayer, contains spikes |
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Term
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Definition
| attaches to red blood cells and causes them to agglutinate |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme that attaches to neuraminic acid associated with respiratory cells; the enzyme destroys th |
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Term
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Definition
| combo of helical and polyhedreal viruses. discovered by Twort and d'Herelle |
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Term
| lysis or genetics alteration of host cell |
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Definition
| what are the 2 viral infection outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the period during which virions are being assembled |
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Term
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Definition
| possibility that a single mutation will occur during DNA replication? |
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Term
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Definition
| possibility that a double mutation will occur in unlinked genes |
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Term
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Definition
| can correct a initial mutation |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of virus that can alter the genetic potential of a host cell in the lysogenic conversion of a cell |
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Term
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Definition
lysogenic viruses that infect animal cells
|examples|
herpes virus |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| retro virus, HTLV, attacks T-helper cells |
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Term
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Definition
| type of latent virus that infects facial nerves, causes fever blisters |
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Term
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Definition
| lysogenic viruses that infect animal cells (can reoccur over time) they are permanent genetic residents |
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Term
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Definition
| type of latent virus that infects facial nerve cells in the urogenital system (genital herpes) |
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Term
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Definition
| typy of herpes that causes chicken pox in children (shingles in adults) |
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Term
1. latent
2. transforming
3. RNA Viruses |
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Definition
| name the 3 types of viruses |
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Term
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Definition
| when an animal virus infect a cell and the transform it into a oncogenic cell |
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Term
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Definition
normal cells undergo a genetically determined number of cell divisions after which the cells die
** CANCER CELLS ARE IMMORTAL |
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Term
| Epstein-Barr virus (mono) |
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Definition
| virus that causes swollen lymph nodes. becomes lysogenic or latent in throat cells and distributed in teh saliva and blood |
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Term
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Definition
this virus uses RNA as their genetic material
example are polio and RV |
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Term
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Definition
these virus have RNA as their genetic material,
examples polio virus RV |
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Term
| special case of RNA virus |
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Definition
-Retro viruses- (type of transforming virus)
have reverse transtase. which copies DNA from the RNA virus
the virus that caues AIDS is a retro virus |
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Term
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Definition
| most viruses that cause human cancers are DNA or RNA? |
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Term
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Definition
| normal cells that carry out normal cell functions such as cell division and apotosis |
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Term
| inhibitor of viral uncoating |
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Definition
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Term
| inhibitor of viral polymerases |
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Definition
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Term
| inhibitor of reverse transcriptase |
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Definition
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Term
| stem cells in the bone marrow |
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Definition
| where are immune system cells derived from? |
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Term
| cell response to destruction of a viron |
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Definition
1. macrophages engulf and destroy the virion (preserved on surface of the macrophage)
2. T-killer lymphocytes interact with the infected macrophages to remove it
3. this interaction stimulates rapid division of the T-killer lymphocytes (then, move into lymphatic and vascular system and seek out and kill infected virus)
4. some of the are retained as memory to remember any subsequent virus infection in the future |
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Term
| humoral response (antibodies) |
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Definition
| too long and i dont' feel like typing it out. hhaha |
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Term
| how does the flu virus avoid attacks from the immune system? |
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Definition
viral spikes!
these puppies can change (mutate) so that teh immune sys must begin a brand new response to teh mutated virus
** required time and extensive cell division
this is called ANTIGENIC DRIFT |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a host to be infected with two different strains of flu virus simultaneously |
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Term
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Definition
| "naked" RNA molecules that cause viral-like symptoms in PLANTS |
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Term
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Definition
| infectious protein particles |
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Term
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Definition
a normal brain protein occurs in the form?
1. B-sheet
or
2. a-helix
this is a virus like disease that can destroy brain cells and cause a loss of motor functions and severe wasting |
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Term
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Definition
| disease from Prions that occurs in New Guinea natives (women get it from diseased dead women) |
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