Term
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Definition
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Term
| name 7 functions of the complement system |
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Definition
1. chemotaxis: C3a, C5a, C4a
2. opsonization: C3b, C4b
3. lysis of target cells: MAC Complex
4. anaphylatoxin activities: C3a, C5a
5. clearnace of immune complexes: C3b and RBCs
6. activation and promotion of inflammation
7. virus neutralization |
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Term
| What pathway is also called the properdin complement pathway |
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Definition
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Term
| the initial complement components are proenzymes or active enzymes? |
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Definition
| PROENZYMES which become activated AFTER cleavage during the complement pathway. |
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Term
| all enzymatically active componenets have a _____ to signify this |
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Definition
| a bar over the component name to signify its active. |
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Term
| iC3b or C3bi (i signifies what??) |
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Definition
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Term
| complement is made where?4x |
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Definition
1. liver hepatocytes
2. macrophages
3. monocytes
4. mucosal epithelial cells
5. fibroblasts |
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Term
| alternate pathway can be activated by 4x |
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Definition
1. properdin
2. thormbin
3. plasmin
4. kallikrein |
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Term
| at what point in the complement cascade does alternate pathway begin |
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Definition
| prior to C3 being cleaved to C3b and C3a |
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Term
| what on mammalian cells inactivates C3b. Why is this important |
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Definition
| sialic acid. Pathogens have less sialic acid therefore complement needs this to inhibit C3b and if less than complement is activated. |
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Term
| what substance stabilizes the alternate pathway C3 convertase |
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Definition
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Term
| what two complement pathways DO NOT require Ab for activation |
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Definition
| 1. alternate 2. lectin pathway. |
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Term
| ___ are proteins that bind to carbohydrates |
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Definition
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Term
| MBL binds to pathogens and then activates complement system to do what |
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Definition
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Term
| complement that acts as an opsonizer does what? Most important complement that particpates in opsonization is? A less importnat one is? |
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Definition
| Opsonization molecules aid/enchance phagocytosis. There is a complement receptor on phagocytic cells. The strongest opsonizer is C3b. The weaker one is C4b. |
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Term
| anaphylatoxin activity results in what happening |
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Definition
| degranulation of mast and basophils. Lost of histamine released and other mediators that results in vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, bronchoconstriction |
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Term
| Most potent anaphylatoxin complement? Other ones are? |
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Definition
Mosts potent C5a.
Others: C3a, C4a. |
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Term
| what happens if you lack enough complement and have a pathogen |
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Definition
| then excess Ab-Ag complexes b/c you need complement to assist in its destruction or to help opsonize it and remove it via RBC tx to Spleen. |
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Term
| how does C3b act as an opsonization molecule and what happens after? |
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Definition
C3b is free floating and finds Ag. Then it binds to it and gets cleaved to C3d. C3d is the signal that indicates to B cells that there's an invader. B cells have a CR2 (CD21) on their surface that directly binds to Ag-C3d complex and attacks it.
B cell also has CR1 that binds to C3b
CR1,3,4 are on macrophages and bind to C3b. |
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Term
| on basophils and mast cells that can be stimulated into degranulation have complmeent receptors for |
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Definition
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Term
| CR____ is also a receptor for epstein-Barr Virus |
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Definition
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Term
| which Complement receptors are on B cells |
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Definition
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