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Test 3 Immunology B and T cell Activation/Differentiation
Test 3 Immunology B and T cell Activation/Differentiation
39
Immunology
Graduate
03/11/2015

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Term
Which B cell subtype is found mostly in the pleural and peritoneal cavity
Definition
B1-B cells
Term
Which B cell subtype has the most V region diversity
Definition
B2-B cells
Term
Which B cell subtype has the highest level of surface IgD
Definition
B2-B cells
Term
Which B cell subtype is known as conventional B cells
Definition
B2-B cells
Term
Which B cell subtype found mostly in spleen or other marginal zones
Definition
Marginal Zone B cells
Term
Whats so unique about B-1 Cells
Definition
THey are the first B cells to develop during fetal life. They are most common in the periotneal and pelural cavities (lungs and GI). They can self renew and don't need bone marrow for replacement. This makes this versatile and indepedent. Unfortunately since they don't need other organs their diversity is limited. They have mostly surface IgM and CD5. They have low affinity. They don't need T cells for activiation. And have little to no memory.
Term
which type of B cells are helped mostly by neutrophils and dendritic cells
Definition
marginal zone B cells
Term
what class of B cells are self renewing
Definition
1. B-1 B cells
AND
2. Marginal B cells
Term
what B cell class is predominant in the 2nd lymph tissues (lymph nodes and spleen)
Definition
B-2 B cells
Term
what is on neutrophils and dendritic cells that helps them activate Marginal zone B cells
Definition
BAFF on their surface
Term
which Class of B cells have a tendancy to interact with complement factor
Definition
MArginal B cells have CD21 which is a complement receptor (CR2) for C3d. C3d can bind to Ag and thus present the Ag-C3d complex to MArginal Zone B cells.
Term
which class of antigens are more soluble in nature
Definition
Thymus DEPENDENT Antigens are more soluble proteins.
Term
antibody formation is what type of immune response
Definition
humoral immunity
Term
Name the four phases of Ab primary response
Definition
1. lag phase 2. log phase 3. Plateau phase 4. Decline phase
Term
Is the LAG phase longer in secondary or primary immune response?
Definition
primary
Term
Is the LOG phase stronger in secondary or primary immune response?
Definition
secondary
Term
the lag phase for insoluble Ag in the primary response is?
Definition
3-4 days
Term
what happens to plasma cells after primary immune response
Definition
1. most die a couple weeks after
2. some plasma cells continue to secerete Ab to specific Ag for life of the host.
3. Memory B cells circulate.
Term
vaccinations stimulate primary or secondary immune response
Definition
Primary immune response.
Term
somatic hyper-mutation of B cells primarily occurs in the primary or secondary response
Definition
secondary response
Term
activation of B cells usually occurs where
Definition
lymph nodes and spleen.
Term
CD40L is expressed on TH cells or B cells? On activated or inactivated?
Definition
TH Cells have to be activated first before they will express CD40L
Term
B cells differentiate into what
Definition
plasma cells or memory cells.
Term
what Ig is expressed on naive B cells
Definition
1. IgM
2. IgD
ONLY
Term
What Ab/Ig are expressed on memory B cells x3
Definition
1. IgG 2. IgA 3. IgE
Term
signal transduction as a result of BCR binding to Ag involves what type of reaction in the intracellular regions
Definition
phosphorylation
Term
how does CD22 cellulary act as a B cell inhibitory coreceptor?
Definition
dephosphorylates Igalpha and Igbeta on BCR to decrease intraceullar signalling.
Term
After successful T and B cell interaction the B cells will migrate and do one of two things
Definition
1. Migrate to T and B cell areas to form primary Foci and differentiate into plasma and memory cells
2. Migrate to follicles to proliferate, differentiate and form germinal centers where B cell will undergo somatic hypermutation and class switching.
Term
Do plasma cells have lots of membrane bound Ig?
Definition
NOOO. Very little because their primary job as effector B cells is to make and release soluble Ab. Therefore they are no longer able to be stimulated by Ag
Term
How long do Plasma cells live for
Definition
5-10 days producing Ab then undergo apoptosis .
Term
Plasma cells can do one of two things
Definition
1. produce lots of Ab and then die in 5-10 days
2. become long lived producing Ab after traveling to bone marrow.
Term
where do memory B cells circulate
Definition
in blood and bone marrow
Term
what is the difference in affinity and overall #s of CTLA-4 and CD28
Definition
CD28: High #'s, low affinity
CTLA-4: Low #'s, High Affinity
Term
Central memory T cells are found where? Effector memory T cells are found where
Definition
Central memory T cells: between secondary lymph tissues
Effector Memory T cells: in teritary tissues
Term
extracellular Ag will activate CD4 T cells to differentiate into TH1 or TH2 cells?
Definition
TH2 cells (b/c that favors Ab formation and Ab love attacking Ag directly in serum)
Term
Intracellular virus or bacteria will activate CD4 T cells to differentiate preferentially to TH1 or TH2 cells? Why?
Definition
TH1 cells because those will than activate the cell mediated immune system which will be better at pathogens who have entered cells.
Term
which T cell type works mostly in the lymph nodes
Definition
T follicular helper cells
Term
cytokines from TH_ __ cells help to further enchance or activate macrophages
Definition
TH1
Term
macrophages can be activated to process and present Ag by what three things
Definition
1. Engulfment on its own
2. Cytokine signals from TH1 cells
3. PRR on its surface recognizing specific pathogen associated molecular patterns
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