Term
| function of the inner ear is to transduce the ________ energy delivered from the middle ear into a form of energy that can be interpreted by the brain. |
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Definition
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Term
| the inner ear is also known as a |
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Definition
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Term
| the _____ of the stapes fits neatly into the oval window |
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Definition
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Term
| the ______ window is the separation between the middle ear and inner ear |
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Definition
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Term
| the immediate entryway is called the _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the verstibule is filled with fluid called ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the inner ear consists of _______ labyrinthine compartments |
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Definition
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Term
| the _______ labyrinth within the bony labyrinth |
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Definition
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Term
there are 3 fluid filled spaces in the inner ear:
1.
2.
3.
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Definition
endolymphatic space
perilymphatic space
cortilymphatic space |
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Term
bony labryinth consists of a
1.
2.
3. |
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Definition
verstibule
semicircular canal
cochlea |
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Term
| in the bony labyrinth: the _______ is the central space of the bony labyrinth containing hte utricle and saccule of the membranous labyrinth |
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Definition
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Term
| in the bony: the ________ extend from the vertibule posteriorly |
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Definition
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Term
| in the bony labyrinth: the _______ extends from the vestibule anteriorly |
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Definition
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Term
| the cochlea is ______ shaped |
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Definition
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Term
| the cochlea is responsible for converting mechanical signals into _______ signals and then into _______ signals |
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Definition
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Term
| electrical signals are carried to the brain via the _______ nerve |
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Definition
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Term
| the cochlea is a conically shaped helix that spirals about ______ turns around a bony core called the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| the inner ear consits of complex tubes running through the ________ of the skull |
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Definition
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Term
| the bony tubes are filled with ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| within the bony labyrinth is a second set of tube made up of delicate cellular structures called the _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| the membraneous labyrinth is filled with |
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Definition
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Term
the endolymphatic space is completely bound by
______ |
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Definition
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Term
the cochlea has a
1.
2.
3.
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Definition
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Term
the cochlea:
the ______ - the part closes to the oval window, it is narrow and stiff, high frequencies |
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Definition
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Term
in the cochlea:
the _____ - is the part at the top. wider and more compliant, low frequencies |
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Definition
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Term
in the cochlea:
the ______ area immediately inside the oval window |
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Definition
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Term
the three sections of the cochlea
-
-
- |
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Definition
scala vestibuli
scala media
scala tympani |
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Term
the largest of the three sections of the cochlea
goes from oval window to apex |
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Definition
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Term
middle section of the cochlea
also called the cochlear duct |
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Definition
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Term
| the section of the cochlea that goes from the round window to the apex |
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Definition
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Term
the scala media is fiiled with
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Definition
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Term
| the _______ is a narrow place at the apex where the scala vestibule and scala tympani meet |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ membrane seperates the scala media and the scala vestibule |
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Definition
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Term
| the ______ membrane seperates the scala media and the scala tympani |
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Definition
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Term
| the large turn at the base of the cochlea is what sticks out into the middle ear and is called _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ layer that serve as footing for the organ of corti |
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Definition
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Term
the basilar membrane contains
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Definition
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Term
| the basilar membrane is more _____ at the apex |
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Definition
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Term
| the spiral organ of corti is composed of epithelial sturctures placed upon the inner part of the ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ is the central core around which teh cochlea coils. It is a pillar of bone |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ the support the scala media |
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Definition
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Term
| produces endolymph and supplies oxygen and nutrients to the cochlea |
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Definition
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Term
| the blood supply and hte nerve center enter the cochlea enter the cochlea through the _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| thin bony shelf that divides the scala vestibuli from the scala tympani. protects from the modiolar wall. terminates as a hook-like process called the hamulus, which forms the boundary of the helicotrema |
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Definition
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Term
| teh spiral lamina is _____ at the apex and _____ at teh basal end |
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Definition
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Term
| the basilar membrane is about _____mm long |
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Definition
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Term
| the basilar membrane is ____ at basal end and _____ at apex |
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Definition
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Term
| the basilar membrane has 3-5 rows of _______ outer hair cells and one row of _____ inner hair cells |
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Definition
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Term
| the inner and outer hair cells are seperated from each other by _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| the inner and outer hair cells have ______ or hairs that stick out |
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Definition
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Term
| the ______ of the hair cells are connected to the basilar membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| inside the cochlea, _______ cause the basilar membrane to vibrate up and down. |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ fibers rest below the hair cell and pass these signals on to the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| how do hair cells sense sounds |
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Definition
| bending of the stereocilia |
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Term
| shape of the outer hair cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| shape of the inner hair cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| the membraneous labryinth is suspended within hte _____ of the bony labyrinth |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is the human ability to maintain balance depends on information form several body systems, which are controlled in the cerebellum |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
visual
propriceptive
vestibular |
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Term
| ______ concerns somatosensory stimuli recieved in tissue from supporting structures, such as the muscles and tendons of the body |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ relies on forces of gravity and inertia |
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Definition
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Term
the vestibular system is composed of:
1
2
3
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Definition
1. 3 semicircular canals
2. utricle
3. saccule |
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Term
| the semicircular canal are located next to the _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| there are a total of _____ semicirular canals |
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Definition
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Term
| semicircular canal = _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| each semicicular canal contains ______, and is surounded by a larger bony cavity that is filled wiht ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F with any angular acceleration, at least one SSC is activated |
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Definition
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Term
Each SSC is _______
that contains ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| vestibular - all 3 arise from the ______ and return to the _______ through the ampulla |
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Definition
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Term
| teh end organ for balance in the utricle is located at the _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| at each base of each SSC is a swelling called ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| the ampulla contains small aggregaions of connective tissue with highly developed ciliated sensory cells called ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ are small particles of calcium carbonate in the viscous fluid of the saccule and utricle |
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Definition
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Term
| the function of the inner ear is to transduce the mechanical energy delivered from the middle ear into a form of energy that can be interpreted by the ______ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| teh footplate of the stapes fits neatly into the ________ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the inner ear consists of two labyrinthine compartments |
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Definition
the bony labyrinth
membraneous labyrinth |
|
|
Term
| the three layers of the cochlea |
|
Definition
scala vestibule
scala media
scala tympani |
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|
Term
| the scala media is filled with? |
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Definition
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Term
| the scala vestibuli and scala tympani is filled with ? |
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Definition
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Term
| the organ of corti lies along then entire length of the scala ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the basilar membrane is narrow at the ____ end and wider at the ______ end |
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Definition
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|
Term
there are two types of hair cells?
1.
2. |
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Definition
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|
Term
while performing the sensorineural transduction process in the cochlea, the inner ear analyzes a sound stimulus in terms of its:
1.
2.
3. |
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Definition
1. frequency
2. intensity
3. durationof sound exposure |
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Term
| the act of conveying information between neurons is called |
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Definition
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|
Term
endolymph is high in _______and low in _______
while perilymph is high in _____ and low in __________ |
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Definition
potassium, sodium
sodium, potassium |
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Term
| kemp (1978) discovered that he cochlea generates a sound of it own that we are able to measure. the sounds are called ___________________. they now allow for the study of cochlear function in animals and humans. |
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Definition
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Term
| the frequency arrangment of nerve cells in the cochela are arranged so that ________ frequencies are at the apical end and ______ frequencies are at the basal end. |
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Definition
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Term
| the ____________ behaves as a finely-tuned band pass filter. each location along its length responds to a characteristic frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| disorders of the inner ear can cause ________ hearing loss |
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Definition
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Term
| hearing loss after exposure t a long and intense sound often is transient in nature and over time normal hearing returns; this is known as a __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ is accompanied by irreversible cochlear damage |
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Definition
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Term
| is accompanied by irreversible cochlear damage? |
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Definition
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Term
| the term that applies to hearing loss that normally accompanies aging |
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Definition
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|
Term
| major disorder of peripheral auditory system - sound tht originates within the head - roaring, ringing buzzing, and clicking ______________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the vestibular system is composed of 5 components |
|
Definition
3 semicurcular canals
utricle
saceule |
|
|
Term
| te ability to balance is controlled by three body systems |
|
Definition
visual
proprioceptive
vestibular |
|
|
Term
| integration of the three body systems is done in the |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| each semicurular canal, is filled with _________ and is surrounded by a larger bony cavity that is filled with __________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| all of the semicircular canals arise form and return to the utricle through the _________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the ampulla contains small aggregations of tissue with highly developed cilatd sensory cells called _______ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the vestibular system is composed of 4 elements |
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Definition
vision
inner
musulature
cerebellum |
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Term
| the semicircular canals detect ______ acceleration.while the utricle and saccular detect _____ acceleration. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the _______ is a reflexive eye movement in response to head movement |
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Definition
| vestibular achluer reflex |
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Term
| the feeling that you are moving without actually moving is called |
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Definition
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|
Term
| short bouts of vertigo that occurs after head movement: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| disorder that involves episodes of tinnitus, nertigo, aural fullness, and hearing loss that lasts about 2-4 hours: ___________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _______% of all medicatos cause dizziness |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what are the three parts of the cochlea? |
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Definition
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|
Term
_______ provide the cochlea with its exquisite fine tuning properties, allowing each specific region along the basilar membrane to be preferentiall tnes t ne specific frequency. they do this by serving as amplifer of
_______ of the signal |
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Definition
outer hair cells
amplifier |
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|
Term
disorders of the inner ear fall into two categories:
_______ - something you are born with
_________ - occurs after birth |
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Definition
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|
Term
disorder that accounts for 10% of all hereditary deafness - no vestibular involvement associated with reftinosis pigmetosa:
|
|
Definition
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|
Term
| disorder that refers to the condition in which the nucleas of the cell contains an exta chromosomes |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| name the three semicircular canals: |
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Definition
anterior
lateral
posterior |
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