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Test 3
Geo test 3
52
Geology
Undergraduate 1
03/24/2008

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Cards

Term
Location, Age, and notes of the orogeny TACONIC?
Definition
Laurentia
470 Ma
island art added to eastern edge of Laurentia
Term
orogeny - CALEDONIA
Definition
Baltica (hits Laurentia)
410 Ma
formation of Euroamerica
Term
ACADIAN
Definition
Laurentia
370 Ma
Avaolonia added to northeastern edge of Laurentia by movement of Baltica
Term
ANTLER
Definition
Laurentia
350 Ma
island arc added to western edge of Laurentia
Term
ALLEGHENIAN
Definition
Laurentia
300 Ma
Avalonia added to eastern edge of Laurentia by movement of Gondwana (Africa)
Term
HERCYNIAN
Definition
Baltica
300 Ma
collision of Baltica and Gondwana (Africa)
Term
SONOMA
Definition
Laurentia
250 Ma
island arc added to western edge of Laurentia. End of Permian.
Term
Definition of Cratonic sequence
Definition
large scale lithostratigraphic units bounded by unconformities
Term
Causes of cratonic sequences
Definition
faster seafloor spreading and glaciation
Term
What is the base of cratonic seqences made of?
Definition
quartz or large sandstones
Term
* What formed Pangea? *
Definition
Kazakhstania and Siberia
Term
Catskill Clastic Wedge
Definition
lets us interpret about environment based on size of particles
Term
Avalonia
Definition
middle of 3 continents packed together
Term
Iapetus
Definition
= "proto-Atlantic" (because of it's position). Iapetus gone when Baltica hits Laurentia.
Term
How is the early Paleozoic climate different from today?
Definition
1. shorter days
2. tidal effects are greater
3. different ocean circulation patterns
Term
evidence for warmth and coolness in the early Paleozoic?
Definition
warmth = fossils
coolness = glaciation
Term
detritovore
Definition
eats garbage
Term
Possible causes for the end of the extinction events at the end of the Permian
Definition
Pangea - reduces shores, blocked oceans, circulation, flood basalts

Extraterrestrial - chemical evidence of impaction
Term
Lagerstatten
Definition
extraordinary fossil deposits
Term
Location of Chengjiang and Burgess Shale Fanuas
Definition
Chengjiang - China

Burgess - Canada
Term
What organisms are useful as index fossils for the various parts of the Phanerozoic and when?
Definition
Conodonta - Paleozoic

Foraminifera - late Paleozoic-today

Radiolaria - Mesozoic
Term
{image:|}
Definition
stinging cells
Term
Medusa and polyp body forms
Definition
body forms for cnidaria (corals, jellyfish)...
Medusa - mobile
Polyp - sessile
Term
tabulae
Definition
horizontal divisons in Tabulata (a Cnidaria; Anthozoa)
Term
Spicules
Definition
Porifera (sponges) identified by shape/arrangement of spicules.

Characteristics:
-spongin
-calcareous
-siliceous
Term
zooxanthellae
Definition
= symbolic algae
-removes waste
-mutual supply of nutrients
Term
Porifera
Definition
- common name = sponges
- Cells not organized into tissues
- Add spongocoel
- Fossils identified by shape/ arrangement of spicules(mostly siliceous)
- Precambrian to recent
- Shallow marine (and few freshwater)
- Epifaunal, sessile, filter feed on
- Stromatoporoids – early Paleozoic reef builders
Term
Archaeocyathida (extinct)
Definition
- Similar to Porifera and Cnidaria
- Here considered a distinct phylum
- Calcareous skeleton (no spicules)
- Cambrian
- Shallow marine
- Epifaunal, sessile
- Common reef-builder
Term
Cnidaria
Definition
- common name: corals, jellyfish
- Cells organized into tissues
- Cnidocytes –stinging cells
- Body forms
-Medusa – mobile
-Polyp - sessile
Term
deccan traps
Definition
flood basalts covering much of India
Term
graben
Definition
downward displaced block bounded by normal faults
Term
horst
Definition
uplifted block bounded by normal faults
Term
Karoo Group
Definition
Permian and Triassic deposits in southern Africa
Term
Morrison Formation
Definition
fluvial sandstone in western US
Term
Navajo Formation
Definition
aeolian sandstone in western US
Term
Sundance Formation
Definition
shallow marine sandstone in western US
Term
List and describe the 3 Cordilleran orogenies
Definition
Nevadan - continued subduction; numerous batholiths

Sevier - extensive faults

Laramide - created structures of Rocky Mts.
Term
Blastoidea
Definition
stalked echinoderm, extinct
Term
Crinoidea
Definition
stalked echinoderm, living
Term
Ophiuroidea
Definition
mobile echinoderm, living
Term
Rugosa
Definition
anthozoan with tabulae and septae
Term
Scleractinia
Definition
anthozoan with septae, no tabulae
Term
tabulata
Definition
anthozoan with tabulae, no septae
Term
give 1 possible explanation for why the Cretaceous was so warm
Definition
gases from volcanoes and other greenhouse gases that were released warmed the air.
Term
3 groups of organisms that are useful as index fossils and give the era in which each of the 3 is useful
Definition
Conodanta - Paleozoic
Radiolaria - Mesozoic
Formaminifera - Cenozoic
Term
How did the App. Mountains form?
Definition
Taconic, Acadian, Alleghenian, erosion during Pangea, normal faults, modern erosion
Term
location of Cimmerian plate, how it moves, and the timing of the Cimmerian orogeny. Be able to place this in the context of closing the Tethys Sea
Definition
-Oceanic plate under Tethys Sea

-Moves west in the Mesozoic

-Thick marine sediments overlain by coastal deposits
Term
What is the cause of the Zuni cratonic sequence?
Definition
Result of quicker and more extensive tectonic activity
Term
Breakup of Pangea
Definition
o Triassic – North-south split into Laurasia and Gondwana.
o Jurassic – India splits from Africa; Antarctica-Australia splits from Africa.
o Cretaceous – South America splits from Africa.
o Cenozoic – Laurasia splits into North America, Greenland, and Europe. Antarctica splits from South America and Australia.
Term
subduction vs. obduction
Definition
subduction - 1 plate forced under another

obduction - forcing 1 plate up, over another plate
Term
Cnidaria
Definition
Cells in tissues
Cnidocytes - stinging cells
Medusa (mobile)
Polyp (sessile)
Corals, Jelly Fish (sea fan)
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