Term
| Why don't hummingbirds mate with bluebirds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give examples of reproductive barriers |
|
Definition
Pre-zygotic barrier:Behavioral Isolation, Mechanical Isolation,
Gametic Isolation
Post-Zygotic Barrier: Reduced Hybrid VIABILITY, reduced hybrid FERTILITY, hybrid breakdown |
|
|
Term
| Ex: of mechanical isolation |
|
Definition
| when 2 organisms try to reproduce sexually but their sexual organs are incompatible so the sperm cannot make it to the egg and fertilization cannot happen |
|
|
Term
| Ex: Mule is sterile, is this reduced hybrid VIABILITY or reduced hybrid FERTILITY |
|
Definition
| Fertility, the hybrid between a horse and an donkey is a mule but the mule cannot be fertile. |
|
|
Term
| What is a courtship ritual used for? |
|
Definition
| to identify a mate within a species (ex: birds recognize the call and "dance" of other birds within their own species but not the rituals used by other bird species |
|
|
Term
| Who proposed the theory of Gradualism? What does it say? |
|
Definition
| Darwin, changes happen over time and species evolve slowly but constantly |
|
|
Term
| What's PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM? |
|
Definition
| theory (by Gould & Eldredge) says that changes in our species over time didn't happen gradually but in abrupt distinct times where species split into 2 different species. |
|
|
Term
| Speciation: "the emergence of a new species" |
|
Definition
| The process in which new genetically distinct species evolve (usually as a result of genetic isolation from the main population) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Over time, a new species emerges from a common ancestor- like in plants where 2 parent plants sexually reproduce and create a hybrid (F2) generation of plants in the SAME location but they cannot interbreed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 groups of animals of the same species but they are separated by a physical barrier so they evolve into 2 different species. Ex: Two species of squirrels live on either side of the Grand Canyon. |
|
|
Term
| An human cell has 46 Chromosomes so it's DIPLOID (2n) but a sperm cell has 23 so it's __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organism has 3n or 4n copies of chromosomes- usually only happens in plants. Ex: in human is Kleinfelters (XXY) or down syndrome (3 copies of chromosome 21) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| missing a chromosome (in humans this usually ends up as a miscarriage EXCEPT for XO which is Turners Syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| What did Diane Dodd's experiment do? |
|
Definition
| Examined the effects of geographic isolation and selection on fruit flies. Proved that speciation occures. |
|
|
