Term
| Genes are carried at specific locations on chromosomes called _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| A gene can come in several alternate forms called _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Genes represent specific _____ and ______ while alleles represent _______ |
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Definition
location;trait
genes we get |
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Term
| Adults have two copies of each gene carried in ______chromosomes |
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Definition
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Term
_______ both copies identical
_________(hybrid) two copies are different |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ organisms have two alleles of each gene |
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Definition
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Term
| Who laid the foundation for modern genetics? |
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Definition
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Term
| What flower did Mendel use for his experiments? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the reproductive structures of pea flowers? |
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Definition
stamen(male)
carpel(female) |
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Term
| peas usually _____fertilize and can be ______ polinated by hand. |
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Definition
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Term
| How are single traits inherited? |
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Definition
First offspring of the flowering pea use cross fertilization with true breeding purple flowered plant and white flowered plant (F1)
becomes all purpe plant
Second generation offspring use self fertilization where 3/4 were purple and 1/4 was white
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Term
| _______ receded into background(white) |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ dominated (purple trait) |
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Definition
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Term
| Mendel's law is supported by _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| The inheritance of dominant and recessive alleles on homologous chromosomes can explain the results of _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Method for following alleles during cross |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the functions of the Punnett square? |
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Definition
Genotypes of gametes are row and column headings
cells represent the possible individuals
Can use to calculate the probabilities |
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Term
| What is the law of independent assortment? |
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Definition
| every trait seperates independently of the other |
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Term
| Mendel hypothesized that genes of different chromosomes are inherited ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the probability theory state? |
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Definition
The probability of 2 independent events is the product of their individual probabilities
EX: Seed shape is independent of seed color |
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Term
| Genes on the same chromosomes tend to be inherited _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ can create new combinations of linked alleles |
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Definition
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Term
| Sex determination in mammals is ______ |
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Definition
| make offspring receive their Y chromosome from the father; female offspring receive the father's X chromosome |
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Term
| The phenotype of heterozygous is intermediate between the phenotypes of the homozygotes is _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| A single gene may have _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Many traits are influenced by several genes is _____ |
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Definition
Polygenic inheritance
EX human skin color |
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Term
| _______ influences the expression of genes |
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Definition
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Term
| How are human genetic disorders investigated? |
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Definition
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Term
| Some human genetic disorders are caused by _____ |
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Definition
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Term
Some disorders are _______
Examples: |
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Definition
sex linked
is expressed in makes mroe than females
frequently skip generations
COLOR BLINDNESS |
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Term
| What causes errors in chromosome numbers that effect humans? |
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Definition
| nondisjunction during anaphase I or meosis II |
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Term
| Some disorders are caused by abnormal numbers of _________ which can be ________ or cause ______ |
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Definition
| autosome;fatal;down syndrome |
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