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easy to grow
easy to distinguish vareties
strict control over fertilization |
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| Mendel's law of segregation |
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| describes the inheritance of a single characteristic(Monohybrid Cross) |
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| the units that determine inheritable traits |
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| alternative form of a gene, appears at a specific locus |
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P= parental
F= filial (son)
F2= breeding parents from f1 generation |
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| for each characteristic, an organism inherits 2 alleles |
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If the two alleles of an inherited pair differ, then one determines the organism’s appearance and is called the dominant allele.
The other allele has no noticeable effect on the organism’s appearance and is called the recessive allele. |
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| Mendel’s law of segregation predicts that allele pairs separate from each other during the production of gametes |
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| Homologous chromosomes bear the two alleles for each characteristic |
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| Law of independent assortment |
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| that alleles of a pair segregate independently of other allele pairs during gamete formation. |
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| a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual |
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midget, achondroplastic dwarf
homozygous dominant- dies before birth
94% of population is homozygous recessive |
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| dominant condition, degenerate nerve disorder, doesnt show up until middle age |
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invasive fetal test
taking fluid from uterus |
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invasive fetal test
Chlorionic Villus Sampling, take tissue from placenta |
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a test to determine phenotype of fetus
uses sound waves |
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child cannot break down phenylthalene
leads to mental retardation |
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| a form of intermediate inheritance in which heterozygous alleles are both expressed resulting in a combined phenotype |
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A B O blood typing system is an example
The alleles for A and B blood types are codominant and both are expressed in the phenotype. |
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a single gene affects several characteristics
in pea plants one gene controls many things |
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a single gene affects several characteristics
in pea plants one gene controls many things |
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a single characteristic may be influenced by many genes
skin color |
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| genes that are found on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together, and exception to Mendel's law of independent inheritance |
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| Crossing over can separate linked alleles, producing gametes with recombinant (different) chromosomes |
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| male determines gender of baby |
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| number of x chromosomes determines the sex, grasshoppers |
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| same as XY but sex with ZW is the female, males have ZZ (female determines offspring gender) chickens |
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| number of chromosomes determines offspring, bees- 32 chromosomes bee is femals, 16 bee is a male |
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| Female has to get recessive trait from both parents while the male only has to get it from one for sex linked |
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| sex linked disorders affect mostly males |
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| Red-Green color blindness |
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| sex linked characteristic, has a dramatic variance, amount is determined by the amount of genes you have for colorblindness |
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| lack blood clotting factors, sex linked |
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