Term
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Definition
Adam and Eve Engraving
Albrecht Durer
Northern Europe Renaissance
represents vitruvian theory of human proportions
Contrapposto poses showing the perfect male and female figures while also showing naturalism of the nature behind them |
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Definition
The great piece of Turf
Albrecht Durer
Norther Europe Renaissance
Naturalism |
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Term
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Definition
Albrecht Durer Self Portrait
Norther Europe Renaissance
First artist outside Italy to become in anternational celebrity
Mostly known for his woodcut prints |
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Term
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Definition
Garden of Earthly Delights
Hieronymus Bosch
Northern Europe Renaissance
Tryptic of heaven and hell as a warning of a final judgement day
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Term
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Definition
Self portrain to Caterina can Hemessen
Northern Europe Renaissance
Genre Painting
evidence that women in Northern Europe could become an artist easier than Italy |
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Term
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Definition
Hunters in the Snow
Northern Europe Renaissance
Genre Painting
basic no reason painting |
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Term
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Definition
Madonna of the Rock (Oil)
Da Vinci
High renaissance in italy
Used Chiaroscuro (sublte use of light and dark)
all the figures share the same light infused environment
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Term
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Definition
The Last Supper (fresco with oil)
Da Vinci
High renaissance in italy
deteriorated fast because of the mix of plaster and oil but considered Da Vinci's best piece. |
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Term
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Definition
Mona Lisa (Oil)
Da Vinci
High Renaissance in Italy
worlds most famous portrait
renaissance style stated that a woman could not stare straight into a mans eyes
Chiaroscuro and atmospheric perspective |
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Term
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Definition
Fetus & the lining of the uterus (Drawing)
Da Vinci
High Renaissance in Italy
Shows his love of knowledge even if it is not correct
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Term
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Definition
Vitruvian man (Drawing)
Da Vinci
High Renaissance Italy
The drawing is based on the correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described[4] by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius |
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Term
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Definition
Madonna in the Meadow
Raphael
High Renaissance Italy
used pyramidal composition
more clear then his teachers who were more obscure
Grace, dignity, and sweetness
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Term
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Definition
The School of Athens (fresco)
Raphael
High Renaissance Italy
picture of great philosophers and scientists whose self assurance conveys calm reason
New St. Peters
painted for the pope julius II |
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Term
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Definition
Pieta (Marble)
Michelangelo
high renaissance Italy
His first masterpeice in Rome
captures the beauty of madona
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Term
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Definition
David (marble)
Michelangelo
High renaissance Italy
the statue compositionally and emotionally connected to an unseen presence
he abondond self contained composition |
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Term
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Definition
"Unfinished" Slaves
Michelangelo
High renaissance italy
Showed his work process
as if to release the figure from the marble |
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Term
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Definition
Sistine Chapel ceiling (fresco)
Michelangelo
High renaissance italy
Pope Julius II convinced him to paint ceiling
showed expresive purpose of the human body
painted like a sculptor (using light and shadow to show 3D) |
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Term
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Definition
Sistine Chapel last judgement
Michelangelo
Late renaissance italy
on the sistine chapel's altar wall
his vision was a terrifying fate and goes beyond any previous judgment day |
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Term
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Definition
Venus of Urbino (oil)
Late renaissance in italy
established oil base pigments
used color not simply to record surface appearance but also to organize his placement of forms |
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Term
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Definition
Last Supper (oil)
by tintoretto but dont need to know author
Late renaissance italy
emotional power, depth of spiritual vision and dramatic lighting
compared to leonardo shows dynamc perspectives and dramatic chiaroscuro of the coming baroque era |
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Term
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Definition
Entombment of Christ (oil)
Mannerism
instead of concentrating masses in the center like in the renaissance the composition drifts away from the center
calls attention to void in the middle |
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Term
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Definition
Conversion of St. Paul (oil canvas)
Caravaggio
Italion Baroque
tenebrism again
makes it look dramatic and murky
religious story |
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Term
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Definition
Judith and Holofernes (oil 1598)
Caravaggio
Italian Boroque
story of judith cutting off the generals head
use of tenebrism (violent contrast of light and dark where dark dominates) |
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Term
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Definition
Judith slaying holofernes (oil 1620)
Artemisia Gentileschi
Italian Boroque
woman artist which was very rare due to guilds
puts herself as judith and shows a powerful woman compared to Coravaggio |
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Term
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Definition
Baldacchino in st. peters (bronze)
Bernini
Italian Boroque
canopy going into the theater
very elaborate
center is the alter which is right over st. peters grave site
HUGE 7-8 stories tall
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Term
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Definition
David (marble)
Bernini
italian Boroque
more movement and more to scale then previous ones |
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Term
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Definition
Ecstasy of St. Teresa (marble)
Bernini
Italian Boroque
very dramatic and surrounding is elaborate
makes marble look like fabric
looks like opera scene and even has sculptures of people watching from the balcony
Tromploi (decieves the eye) |
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Term
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Definition
Rembrandt self portrait
Dutch baroque
smaller scale portrait
rembrandt used different costumes in his self portraits
example that a real artist could draw a perfect circle |
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Term
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Definition
The company of captain frans banning (aka Night watch)
Rembrandt
dutch Baroque
club that defended holland
whoever paid more got more detail in their portrait
Strong light was important (real light) |
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Term
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Definition
Syndics of the drapers' guild
rembrandt
dutch baroque
each member paid commission to rembrandt
Emphasis on faces (glowing light) |
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Term
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Definition
Supper at Emmaus
Rembrandt
Dutch Baroque
more religious basis
looks like the light of god is in the room |
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Term
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Definition
Three Crosses (etching)
Rembrandt
Dutch Baroque
example of his mastery of new printmaking
shows expert use of light and dark
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Term
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Definition
Young woman holding a balance
Jan Vermeer
Dutch Baroque
shows utmost skill and care.
light coming in through the window accentuating a hand sleeve and face |
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Term
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Definition
Allegory of the art of painting
Jan Vermeer
Dutch Baroque
style of putting color on canvas
genre painting (represent scenes from every day life)
used light much more naturally then rembrandt |
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Term
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Definition
Judith Leyster self portrait
Dutch Baroque
women in holland had great opportunity as artists
used to show skill between herself as realistic and the canvas as abstract
perfect detail |
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Term
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Definition
Vanitas Still Life
Dutch Baroque
Vanitas (should not put too much value on our objects)
perfectly painted objects of value
reflective sphere you can see artists reflection
First still lifes since the Romans |
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Term
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Definition
Flower Still life
Dutch Baroque
painted by Rachel Ruysch (Woman)
well known for painting flower still lifes
composition of different flowers (must have been painted at different times because they dont bloom at same time of day)
strong composition
very realistic with wilted flowers
Meaning was how fleeting beauty is
she prolly realized she was turning into a dried up old hag |
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Term
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Definition
View of harlem from the dunes at overveen
Dutch baroqe
people in holland respected nature
show beauty and power of nature (compared to small reference to humans)
Example of bleaching linen canvas
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Term
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Definition
Palace of Versailles exterior
French Baroque
louis the 14 moved palace from paris (which is now the luv) to Versailles
over a quarter mile long building
town was built around the palace
20,000 to run the palace and 4,000 servants and 900 soldeirs lived in it
Everything very rational based on mans perception |
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Term
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Definition
Hall of mirrors in versailles (1669-1680)
Designed by Charles le Brun
French Baroque
one side windows and other is mirrors
mirrors would have been very very expensive
got destroyed in the revolution
fresco paintings on the ceiling by Charles le Brun |
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Term
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Definition
The Swing (1767)
Rococo
Arostocrascy is flirtatious and all hanky panky while the rest of france was starving
very detailed and naturalistic exvept for her legs (point was to show legs) |
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Term
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Definition
Oath of the Horatii
Modernism
brings back neoclassic style
celebrates ancient roman patiotism and sacrifice features statuesque figures and classical architecture
soon became the semiofficial voice of the revolution |
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Term
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Definition
Death of Marat (1793)
Modernism
depicts the death of marat who was a leader in the french revolution
convincing realism conveys pain and outrage
David depicts marat as a maryter
inspiring for revolutionists
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Term
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Definition
The third of may, 1808 (painted 1814)
Modernism
encouraged viewer empathy for the massacred spanish peasants by portrying horrified face as french kill them |
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Term
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Definition
Saturn Devouring his Children
Modernism
depicts greek god (cronos) eating child
symbolizes what he sees humans do to eachother |
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Term
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Definition
Raft of Medusa (1819)
Gericault
Modernism
rejected neoclassical compositional principles and consistent with romantic spirit presented writhing bodies in every attidue of suffering
rich captain abandond ship and everyone else died |
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Term
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Definition
The Crystal Palace (1850)
Modernism
strength of iron permitted for new style of design
erected in 6 months (very fast) then torn down and rebuilt iin a different location
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Term
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Definition
The artist's studio (1837)
Modernism photography
first pictures after Daguerre produced his new photographic process
amazing detail and finely graduated tones
items arranged to reveal texture and shapes |
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Term
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Definition
Harvest of Death, Gerrysburg, PA (1863)
Modernism photo
wet plate technology allowed photographers to record historical events on the spot but the drawback to wet plate was that it had to be developed on the spot |
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Term
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Definition
splashed ink landscape scroll
Japanese
basis for sharing knowledge in this time was info taught by the samurai
very abstract
more about the gesture with hours of practice applying ink until the gesture was automatic
addition of caligraphy as well |
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Term
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Definition
The great wave of kanagawa
Japan
chemical pigments let prints be more vibrant and last longer
overlapping way of setting up 3D
not ment to make up illusionary space
power of natures changeability of being of the moment which was taken up by european artists |
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Term
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Definition
Evening bell at the clock
Japan
Woodcut print with individual colored blocks (could go through print many times) and final plate would be dark line that separates colors
uses natural dyes
made to export
heavy linear infuence in early prints
no real interest in 3D space |
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Term
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Definition
Portrait of Chogen
Japan
shows influence of other cultures in japan
buddahsm brought in from china and korea
chogen time was a military time
wood carving of an imprtant priest (and architect) and painted to look very natural
exudes wisom and the appreciation of age in culture
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Term
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Definition
Kogan tea ceremony water jar
Japan
reminder of humbleness during tea ceremony
kogan means ancient river bank
looks damaged but made to look accidental or like nature created it
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Term
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Definition
Large bowl
Japan
Hamanda Shoji was named as a natural treasure of Japan
years of practive still to make it look natural or on accident
functional pottery that is made by anonymous crafts person |
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Term
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Definition
impression Sunrise
Monet
Impressionism
probably the first impression painting
not refined
monet was the father of impressionism
veery sketch and abstracted (looks like a fleeting moment) |
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Term
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Definition
Rouen Cathedral
Monet
Impressionism
if you look up close you cant tell what your looking at but if you back up you can see what it is
monet painted 45 pictures of cathedral in every kind of light (sunny, cloudy, rainy day ect...) in almost the exact same point of view |
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Term
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Definition
Luncheon
Monet
impressionism
general title because subject matter was not important
all about capturing the moment
composition was influenced by photography and much more dispersed
arbitrarily cuts off the edges with no real focal points
Choppy brushwork (like vermeer Dutch Baroque)
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Term
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Definition
Water lilies
Monet
impressionism
did many versions of this painting in his later days |
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Term
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Definition
Le Moulin de la Galette
Renoir
Impressionism
parisian dance hall is dappled by sunlight and shade, artfully blurred into the figures to produce just the effect of floating and fleeting light the impressionist cultivated |
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Term
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Definition
The Rehearsal
Degas
Impressionism
arbitrarily cut off figures, the patterns of light splotches and blurriness of the images show interest in reproducing singel moments as well as his fascination with photography |
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Term
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Definition
The Tub (pastels)
Degas
Impressionism
this pastel one of the most audacious and accomplished of degas' work
still lifes of fruit |
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Term
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Definition
The Bath
Cassatt (woman)
Impressionism
little more refined for impressionism
because she was a woman had to paint women and children
owes her style to degas and japanese but differs because she could not visit cafes
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Term
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Definition
Nocturne in Black and Gold
J.A. McNeill Whistler
Impressionism
conveying atmospheric effects in oil painting but he also emphasized the abstract arrangement of shapes and colors
foreshadows 20th century art |
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Term
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Definition
Sunday on the La Grande Jatte (1884-1886)
Seurat
Post impressionism
ridged and remote unlike impressionists
tightly controlled organization
Used Pointism (involved dividing colors into their component parts and applying those colors to the canvas in tiny dots.
becomes comprehensible only from a distance |
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Term
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Definition
Boy in a Red Vest (1888)
Cezanne
Post impressionism
color and flattening things out |
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Term
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Definition
Still life/ Basket of Apples (1894)
Cezanne
Post impressionism
focused on color and they way we percieve it
abstract shapes are not optically realistic |
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Term
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Definition
Mont Sainte-Vicroire
Cezanne
Post impressionism
shifts focus from atmospheric conditions to a careful analysis of the lines, planes and colors of nature
sought a lasting structure behind the formless and fleeting visual info the eye absorbs |
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Term
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Definition
The Night Cafe (1888)
Van Gogh
Post impressionism
explored capabilities of colors and distorted forms to express emotions.
the thickness, shape, and direction of his brush strokes create a tactile counterpart to the intense color |
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Term
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Definition
The starry night (1889)
Van Gogh
Post impressionism
almost abstract pattern of expressive line, shape and color
painted while in an asylum |
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Term
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Definition
Sunflowers
Van Gogh
Post impressionism
flow
all stages of flower woven together |
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Term
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Definition
The vision after the sermon (1888)
Gauguin
Post impressionism
admired japanese prints, stained glass and cloisonne enamels
firm outlines enclose large areas of unmodulated color.
rejects realism and impressionism |
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Term
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Definition
The spirit of the dead watching
Gauguin
Post impressionism |
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Term
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Definition
At the Moulin Rouge (1892-1895)
Post impressionism
died of syphilis
had a hard life
infjuenced by degas japanese prints and photography
glaring lighting, masklike faces and dissonant colors are his own |
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Term
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Definition
The scream (1893)
Post Impressionism
departs from visual reality
color, line, and figural distortion is used to envoke a strong emotion response from the viewer
tension of the war |
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Term
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Definition
The burgers of calais
August Rodin
Post impressionism
denied by acadomy but became famous after
transitions well from person to person
shows 6 people who sacrificed their lives for their city |
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Term
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Definition
Walking man
august Rodin
Post impressionism
incomplete
powerful stance
Dynamic pose
no academic association
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Term
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Definition
The thinker
August Rodin
Post impressionism
man in sober meditation battleing with a powerful internal struggle
heroic and intellectual |
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Term
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Definition
Eiffel tower (1889)
Gustave Eiffel
Modern architecture
post impressionism
built to be temporary and only stayed up to be used as an antennae
tallest building since the pyramids at the time
what you see is what you get |
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Term
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Definition
Prudential building (1896 Buffalo)
Louis Sullivan
Modern Architechture
Post impressionism
what you see is what you get
from follows function
first real modern architect
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Term
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Definition
Red Room (1909)
Matisse
Fauvism
believed that color was given to us to communicate our emotion
Main Fauve artist |
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Term
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Definition
Decorative Figure in an oriental setting (1925)
Matisse
Fauvism
imported oriental textiles which infuenced his paintings
no 3D
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Term
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Definition
Improvisation 28
Vassily Kandinsky
Fauvism
abstract imitation of nature
came up with abstract that is not representational of the real world
the color is ment to communicate the artists emotion |
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Term
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Definition
Painted in the High Renaissance
part of a trio that invented Fine Art
coined the "renaissance man"
Very studied man
Used sfumato ( blending with no harsh outlines) |
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Term
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Definition
worked in florence for for 5 years studying under michelangelo and Da Vinci
his powerful and original mature style epitomized the ideals of High Renaissance |
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Term
| What are the differences between Dutch and Italian Baroque? |
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Definition
religious background
patronage
and 200 years of different inspirations
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Term
German Expressionism
(two movements) |
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Definition
| Die Brucke and der blaue rieter |
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Term
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Definition
emotionally stressful
(war was coming) |
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Term
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Definition
Anticipation of the war
believed animals were pure
inappropriate color |
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Term
| Late Renaissance in Italy |
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Definition
Complex composition
much less obvious set up
new uses of light developed
less symetrical composition |
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Term
| Renaissance in Northern Europe |
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Definition
improved printing made art cheaper
started with humanistic optimism but ended with erosion of confidence in the church |
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Term
| High Renaissance In Italy |
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Definition
brief era of artistic genius
Leonardo Michelangelo Raphael
emphasized symmetry, balance, and unity |
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Term
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Definition
abandoned illusionary space
overlapping floaing figures in a flatter picture plane
intended for elite audience |
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Term
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Definition
art was commissioned by the church
displayed wealth, power and majesty of the church
elaborate, gilded, colorful and even gaudy (tasteless)
Dramatic use of light, expansion of space, sensual and passionate subject matter and implied motion |
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Term
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Definition
opposite of the extravagant and ornate italian art
rembrandt painted religious peices but were ment for private spirituality not the church
commisioned by buissnessmen
Naturalistic (looked for meaning of art) |
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Term
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Definition
elaborate exaggerated and expensive
King louis founded the Royal academy of painting and sculpture which enforced conformity to official standards and became very powerful |
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Term
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Definition
focused on the pleasure of life for the aristocracy
primarily a feminie style
pastel colors, soft light, sensuality and suggestive themes |
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Term
| Proto-modern to Modernism |
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Definition
in france and spain art was focused on political subject matter adopting styles of realism Neoclassicism and romanticism. economic change brought a change to art
The new purpose of modern art was to expose injustice
Romanticism = emphasized following the style of greco/roman art
Neoclassical syle = painting and also architecture like in greco/roman buildings |
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Term
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Definition
in mid 19th century switched from romanticism to optical realism
photos were accepted as truthful, factual info. |
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Term
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Definition
Jomon period was the first in the world to create pottery
agriculture, bronze casting and weaving promotd social and cultural development
buddhism was the foundation for art and philosophy in later centuries
had a large influence on european and american artists |
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Term
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Definition
new techniques, methods and materials developed in painting.
invention of tubes allowed for painting anywhere
photography, japanese prints and scientific study of the effects of light on color brought about changes in painting
thick choppy brush strokes which reflected light
Painters focused on the transitory effects ofsunlight and atmospheric conditions.
paintings were rejected from the French Academy, critics and at first by the public |
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Term
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Definition
Seurat, Cezanne, Van Gogh, and Gauguin were grouped together as post impressionists (all dead by 1910)
advancements made by the impressionists and the desire to make paintings about more than just the effects of light and color
these artists are thought of as the source of many of the styles of modern painting |
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Term
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Definition
means "Wild Beast"
use extreme colors aggressively brushed paint and simplified and distorted images.
influenced by the post impressionists, especially gauguin. |
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Term
| Emphasis on spontaneity, rejection of tradition, short choppy brush strokes, color, light and shadow, paint in tubes , influence of photography and Japanese prints, describes: |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the main objection to the restoration of the Sistine Chapel fresco? |
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Definition
| They may have removed paint applied by Michelangelo. |
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Term
| Paintings using scientific linear perspective, renewed interest in Greco/roman mythology with christian subject matter, were: |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Art made for the purpose of expressing emotion. This has been the focus of artist at various times in the history of art. Van Gogh, Gauguin, Toulouse-Lautrex and other painters of the time are considered in this category as are the German Expressionists |
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Term
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Definition
| A three-paneled painting or altarpiece. |
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Term
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Definition
The medieval study of seemingly magical changes, especially
chemical changes. |
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Term
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Definition
The process of incising a design in hard material, often
a metal plate (usually copper); also, the print or impression made
from such a plate. |
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Term
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Definition
A kind of engraving in which the design is incised in a layer of
wax or varnish on a metal plate. The parts of the plate left exposed
are then etched (slightly eaten away) by the acid in which the plate
is immersed after incising. |
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Term
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Definition
In drawing or painting, the treatment and use of light
and dark, especially the gradations of light that produce the effect
of modeling. |
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Term
|
Definition
In painting, a full-size preliminary drawing from which a
painting is made. |
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Term
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Definition
An association of merchants, craftspersons, or scholars in medieval
and Renaissance Europe. |
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Term
|
Definition
A canopy on columns, frequently built over an altar. The
term derives from baldacco. |
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Term
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Definition
Italian, “smoky.” A smokelike haziness that subtly softens
outlines in painting; particularly applied to the painting of Leonardo
da Vinci. |
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Term
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Definition
Painting in the “shadowy manner,” using violent contrasts
of light and dark, as in the work of Caravaggio. The term derives
from tenebroso. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process or technique of laying on paint or pigment thickly so that it stands out from a surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one. |
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Term
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Definition
Latin, “vanity.” A term describing paintings (particularly
17th-century Dutch still lifes) that celebrate material goods but also
include reminders of death. |
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Term
woodblock print/
woodcut print |
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Definition
A wooden block on the surface of which those parts not
intended to print are cut away to a slight depth, leaving the design
raised; also, the printed impression made with such a block. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Salon des Refusés, French for “exhibition of rejects” , is generally an exhibition of works rejected by the jury of the official Paris Salon, but the term is most famously used to refer to the Salon des Refusés of 1863. |
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Term
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Definition
Place or deal with close together for contrasting effect
"The fauvists juxtaposed strong colors" |
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Term
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Definition
French, “deceives the eye.”
The representation of the threedimensional
world on a two-dimensional surface in a manner that
creates the illusion that the person, object, or place represented is
three-dimensional. |
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Term
|
Definition
French, “end of the century.” A period in Western
cultural history from the end of the 19th century until just before
World War I, when decadence and indulgence masked anxiety about
an uncertain future |
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Term
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Definition
Luncheon on the grass
Edouard Manet
Manet drew intense criticism both for his shocking subject
matter and his manner of painting. Moving away from
illusionism, he used colors to flatten form and to draw
attention to the painting surface.
Painting did not Make the acadamy (woman looking in the eye and nude)
Paved the way for impressionism |
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