Term
|
Definition
| the digestive system that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus |
|
|
Term
| what is the patient prep for a UGI |
|
Definition
| NPO after midnight or 8 hours prior |
|
|
Term
| what contrast media do you use for an UGI |
|
Definition
| barium (insoluble), gastrovi or omnipaque (water soluble) |
|
|
Term
| what is the atomic number for barium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 types of barium contrast |
|
Definition
| E-Z-HD (high density), E-Z-PAQUE (lower density) |
|
|
Term
| which study do you use E-Z-PAQUE for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which study do you use E-Z-HD for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is barium contraindicated |
|
Definition
| leak, post-op, FB, obstruction, GI bleed, aspiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 37% iodine (53), draws water into the intestine because of high osmolality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 240 or 300 mgl/ml (amount of iodine per ml) can be administered orally and intravenously |
|
|
Term
| why do you do an esophagram or UGI |
|
Definition
| dysphagia, odynophagia, CP, heartburn, dyspepsia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reflux, when the cardiac sphincter at the end of the esophagus is weak and stomach acid refluxes into the esophagus |
|
|
Term
| vertebral landmarks of the esophagus |
|
Definition
| starts at T6, enters diaphragm at T10, ends at T11 |
|
|
Term
| what are the common views for an esophagram |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the CR centered for RAO esophagogram |
|
Definition
| level of T5-6, 2 inches lateral to the center of the MSP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uses sodium bicarbonate granules to form co2 and distend the stomach |
|
|
Term
| what are the projections for the stomach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the CR enter for a PA stomach |
|
Definition
| 1-2 inches above lower rib margin (L1-2) and between the lateral border of the abdomen |
|
|
Term
| how can you tell an AP from a PA stomach |
|
Definition
PA=air in the fundus
AP=barium in the fundus |
|
|
Term
| what is the best position for demonstrating the duodenal bulb |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which body habitus does the stomach lay most horizontal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which body habitus does the stomach lay more vertical |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what causes stomach cancer |
|
Definition
| an infection by helicobacter pylori=> infect inner lining and cause peptic ulcers and inflammation (65%-80%) |
|
|
Term
| what are the three parts of the small intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what occurs in the small intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the average length of the small intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 'C' shaped, 8-10 inches long, widest portion of the small intestine |
|
|
Term
| what does the gallbladder do |
|
Definition
| stores bile from the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| takes hepatic duct to duodenum at hepatopancreatic ampulla (vater) |
|
|
Term
| what does the pancreas produce |
|
Definition
| hormones and digestive enzymes that also enter the hepatopancreatic ampulla |
|
|
Term
| what happens in the jejunum |
|
Definition
| sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are absorbed into the bloodstream |
|
|
Term
| what suspends the jejunum |
|
Definition
| the mesentery (part of the peritoneum) |
|
|
Term
| what are the indications for a small bowel follow through |
|
Definition
| ab pain, chrohns, ulcerative colitis, s/p ab surgery, disteniton, vomiting |
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 types of obstructions |
|
Definition
| mechanical and paralytic ileus |
|
|
Term
| what are examples of mechanical obstructions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are examples of paralytic ileus |
|
Definition
| bacteria or viruses that cause infections, complications of surgery, some meds, ischemia |
|
|
Term
| when would you use gastro for therapeutic purposes |
|
Definition
| adhesive small bowel obstructions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scout, 15, 30, 45, 1 hour, 1.5, 2 hour |
|
|
Term
| what questions do you ask for a history for a BE |
|
Definition
| was the prep taken? LMP? Why did the doctor order the BE? Surgery where polyps were removed? |
|
|
Term
| what do you say when you are explaining the procedure |
|
Definition
| this exam will demonstrate: inserting the tip, rads job, RT's job |
|
|
Term
| what are the projections for a double contrast BE |
|
Definition
| a scout, overheads: AP/PA, PA axial, both obliques, both decubs, lateral rectum, sometimes post evacs |
|
|
Term
| where does CR enter for double contrast BE |
|
Definition
| at the crest except axial and lateral rectum |
|
|
Term
| which view demonstrates the right colic flexure and ascending portion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which view demonstrates the left colic flexure and descending portion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 30 degrees cephalad, 2 inches below the ASIS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 30 degrees caudad, centered at ASIS |
|
|
Term
| What does the rt. lateral decub demonstrate |
|
Definition
| the medial side of the ascending colon and the lateral side of the descending colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| midcoronal at ASIS (remove tip first) |
|
|
Term
| what is the usual cause of a colostomy |
|
Definition
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