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| an explanation that accounts for a set of facts that can be tested by further investigation. Also, something that is taken to be true for the purpose of an argument or investigation. |
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| the use of standardized, systematic procedure in teh search for knowledge. |
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| a set of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe, explain, predict and control some class of events. Stregethned by it's logical consitency. |
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| wrong only because there is a law against them. |
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sees continued crime as a consequence of the limited opportunities for acceptable behavior that follow from the negative responses of society to those defined as offenders.
THE PERSON BECOMES THE THING HE IS DESCRIBED AS BEING. |
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crime is caused by the individual exercise of free will.
pain and pleasure central determinants.
crime is an immoral form of behavior.
prevention possible through swift and certain punishment that offsets any gains to be had through criminal behavior. |
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outer - depends on social roles and the norms and expectations that apply to them. something OUTWARDLY that keeps you from doing something.
inner - having a conscience, a positive self image, doing the right thing. |
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explained criminality as a product of society's impact on the individual.
demonstrates how a mind set and socialization with a kind of mind set impact the individuals. |
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basic determinants of human behavior, including criminal tendencies, are constitutionally or genetically based.
may be passed on from generation to generation. |
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xy - super male
more common in prisons that in the general population
more aggressive than other males and that he possessed greater height, thiness, acne, tendency towards homosexuality, somewhat low IQ, and tendency to committ crimes.
BAD THEORY. |
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Id - soure of the drive (sexual urge)
Ego - rational mental entity - outline paths by which we fulfill the Id/ practical behavioral alternatives. (how do I fulfill this urge?)
Super Ego - the guiding principal - the conscience - judges the quality of the alternatives presented by the ego. (which is right and wrong?) |
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the process by which one thing is substitued for another.
crimes against women = earlier frustration/hate with mother in life |
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comes from judicial decisions and is referred to as the law of precedent.
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| "the law in the books" results of legislative action, known also as the law of the land. |
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law originating from usage and custom rather from written statuses. They are unwritten.
cops only pull you over if you're going 10+ over the speed limit. |
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| the body of rules and regulations that define and specify the nature of and punishments for offenses of a public nature of for wrongs committed against the state of society. |
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| criminal offense punishable by death or penalty by one year or more in prison |
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| an offense punishable by less than one year in prison |
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| minor violations of the law that are less serious than misdemeanors (jaywalking). |
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| us citizens help a foreign govt overthrow the us govt. spying. |
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goversn relationships between parties.
burden of proof is preponderance (believing one person over another), not beyond a reasonable doubt.
liability > intent
compensation > punishment |
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| a legal defense in which the defendant admits to committing the act in question but claims it was necessary in order to avoid harm against themselves. |
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| based on the premise that the defendant is truly innocent |
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| no person may be tried twice for the same offense. |
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