Term
| magmas that form beneath spreading ridges as a result of mantle plumes are: |
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| viscosity is controlled by _____ & _______ |
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Definition
| temperature and composition |
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| which magma is hotter, has less silica and therefore flows better(low viscosity)? |
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| : word that describes resistance to flow |
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| Q: felsic magma is hotter than _______ degrees |
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| Q:mafic magma is hotter than_____degrees |
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| Q: silica poor, iron and magma rich? |
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| Q:silica rich, iron & mag. Poor? |
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| Q: primary constituent of magmas? |
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| Q: mineral composed of silica tetrahedre? |
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| Q: Most abundant elements in the crust? |
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Term
| Q: Magma erupts either as(2): |
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Definition
| A:Lava flows, pyroclastic flows |
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Term
| Q: The Difference between magma and lava? |
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Definition
| A: Magma- below the surface, Lava- above the surface |
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Term
| which is more viscous: magma at mid ocean rides or @ sub. zones? |
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Term
| huge thick flat laying layers of basalt that originate from hot spot activity |
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Term
| What does Bowens series explain? |
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Definition
| how one magma can generate different rock types |
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Term
| lava made up of angular blocks |
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| lava w/ smooth surface like taffy |
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| bulbous, interconnection masses that result from underwater eruption of basaltic lavas |
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| volcano w/ gentle slopes, rounded shapes, composed of basalt, hawaiian, non explosive, pose little danger to humans, mafic |
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| consist of cinder-like pyroclastic materials, relatively small, steep sloped cones |
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| composed of lava flows & layers of pyro materials ontop, mud flows, explosive, most dangerous to humans |
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| large oval to circular depression that forms when the summit of a V collapses into its magma chamber |
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Term
| formed when viscous, felsic lavas are formed up thru the conduits of some Vs |
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Term
| mafic magma is likely to form what kind of volcano? |
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| what kind of lava doesnt flow? |
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| sheet-like eruptions of pyro materials, can cover large areas |
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Term
| What type of Vs are the Aleutians ? and why? |
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Definition
| strato, associated w/ a subzone |
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Term
| Hawaiian Vs are what type? why? |
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| what kind of V has steep sides? |
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Term
| runoff occurs when rain fall exceeds |
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| water moves like film over surface |
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| runoff is combines in channels |
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| change in elevation/ change in distance |
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| measure of distance water travels in a given amount of time |
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| volume of water that passes a given point in a givenamount of time |
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| main stream of river including all its tributaries |
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| geographic area that is seperated from adjacent drainage basins by divides |
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| size of largest particle a stream can move |
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| total sediment load a stream can carry |
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| velocity and water volume |
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| gives moving water its color |
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| term for material that was being carried in a river and is now deposited in sediment |
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| stream that has too much sand and gravel to effectively transport, s and g asre deposited as bars that divide the main channel |
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| stream that carries suspended load and has a single channel |
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Term
| point bar is erosion or deposition? |
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| meander neck is erosion or deposition? |
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| flat lowland areas paralleling streams |
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| alluvial deposits accumulated at the mouth of a stream |
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| lobate deposits of gravel and sand on land |
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| renewed stream downcutting thru flood plain deposits |
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| flood water deposits at edges of flood plain |
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| shows stream discharge or water depth over time |
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| term describes how high the river has to be before its considered a flood |
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Term
| average time between floods, events of a certain size |
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Term
| the changing of existing channels |
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Definition
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Term
| does channelization change velocity? |
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Definition
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Term
| the downslope of material resulting from gravity |
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Definition
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Term
| mass wasting occurs when: |
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Definition
| gravitational forces > shear strength |
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Term
| forces that help maintain slope stability |
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