Term
| most common types of carbonates |
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Definition
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Term
| Color of speleothems due to impurities: Iron |
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Definition
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Term
| Color of speleothems due to impurities: Silt |
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Definition
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Term
| Color of speleothems due to impurities: Manganese |
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Definition
| Blue black and blueish greay |
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Term
| Color of speleothems due to impurities: Copper |
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Definition
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Term
| Color of speleothems due to impurities: Nickel |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| small, crystal-lined cavities exposed during cave formation |
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Term
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Definition
| mineral blades projecting from cave wall resembling a honeycomb; formed where veins in limestone were filled by a mineral |
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Term
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Definition
| secondary deposit within the bedrock that became exposed during cave development |
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Term
| Describe crystalline forms of argonite |
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Definition
| thin needle-like crsytals |
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Term
| Describe crystalline forms of calcite |
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Definition
| short, stubby, dogtooth-like |
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Term
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Definition
| formation formed by water flowing over floor, ledge or wall |
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Term
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Definition
| globular forms composed of concentric layers of carbonate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| thin-walled, round, hollow speleothems formed by calcite deposition around gas bubbles in water |
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Term
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Definition
| free floating, thin crusts forming on the water’s surface in quiet cave pools; sunken rafts accumulate in heaps known as raft cones |
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Term
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Definition
| protrudes from the wall like a shelf |
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Term
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Definition
| is the 2nd most common mineral in caves after calcite; typically formed by evaporation of sulfate-containing waters; since water is usually not present in large amounts, sulfate speleothems tend to be deposited as coatings |
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Term
| hard rock erosional caves |
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Definition
ormed in granitoid rocks in some of the mountainous regions of the western United States. Sand particles borne by floodwaters have played a large role in creating this system.
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Term
| name the different types of caves |
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Definition
| limestone, lava, hard rock erosional, glacier, ice, sea, Talus, Shelter, |
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Term
| difference between ice cave and glacier cave? |
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Definition
| glacier caves are formed in glaciers, ice caves are caves that contain ice at some point or throughout |
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Term
| most influential factor for temp? |
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Definition
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Term
| avg temps in southern US caves? |
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Definition
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Term
| avg temp for northern US caves |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| temperature variations cause air pressure differences such that air flows into lower cave entrances during winter and out during summer |
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Term
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Definition
| direction of airflow reverses regularly every few minutes; caused by resonance |
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Term
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Definition
| cavern zone, as far as light penetrates |
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Term
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Definition
| beyond the limits of light and where temperature and humidity are externally influenced |
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Term
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Definition
| cave guests, animals that occur only in caves but do not spend their entire life cycle in caves |
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Term
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Definition
| cavernicoles that can only be found in caves, but can also be found in other locations, salamanders |
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Term
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Definition
| only found in caves or similar underground habitats |
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Term
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Definition
| trogloxenes, troglophiles, troglobites |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| troglobitic modifications |
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Definition
-reduced or lacking in skin pigmentation
-degeneration or loss of eyes
-thinner chitinous shell
-longer appendages or antennae
-long, thin bodies
-low metabolic rate
-fewer but larger eggs
-smaller number of larval stages
-extended life span |
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Term
| most commonly known cave dweller |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| hardware parts of a frog ascender |
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Definition
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Term
| hardware parts of a ropewalker ascender |
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Definition
| croll, basic, and chest roller |
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Term
| regions of beginning biospeoleology |
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Definition
| slovenia, austria, Kentucky, Cuba, |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Three geographical areas achieved early prominence: |
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Definition
| Balkans, Pyrenees, southeastern U.S. |
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Term
| Established biospeleology as a science? |
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Definition
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Term
| established biospeoleologica |
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Definition
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