Term
| What are the nutritional requirements of the brain? |
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Definition
| the brain requires both oxygen and glucose. Glucose is the main carbohydrate in the body and is critical to brain function. the brain can not store it, so it needs a constant supply. the brain uses 20% of all oxygen levels. |
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Term
| What is the Diencephalon composed of? |
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Definition
| The thalamus and hypothalamus. |
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Term
| What are the three types of white matter? |
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Definition
Association fibers - link areas of cortex
commissural fibers - communication between hemispheres
projection fibers - ties cortex to rest of nervous system |
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Term
| What are the four roots of administration? |
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Definition
| They are oral, topical, inhale, and injection. |
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Term
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Definition
| Placebos are natural substances or sham treatments that have no beneficial effect. |
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Term
| What is the first pass effect? |
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Definition
| Toxins have lesser effect when administered orally than through any other route. |
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Term
| What senses is not mediated by the thalamus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the brain controls some aspects of emotional responses and sexual responses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the brain plays a role in addictive behavior? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which hemisphere is active in speech, calculation, and analysis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which hemisphere is used to comprehend emotion and general thought? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the prefrontal cortex used for? |
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Definition
| formulating plans and strategies |
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Term
| Where does the limbic system lie in the brain? |
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Definition
| its lies in the diencephalon, cerebral hemispheres, and encircles the upper brain stem. |
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Term
| What happens when the RAS is aroused? |
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Definition
| When the RAS is aroused in a resting animal, the animal becomes alert; when it is aroused in a sleeping animal, the animal wakes up |
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Term
| Essay Question: What are the parts of the brainstem and what functions do they play a role in controlling? |
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Definition
The Midbrain, contains nuclei that control the coordination of head to eye movement focus of eyes, adjustment of pupil size, reflex responses to sound. Reflex which makes you turn head toward an unexpected sound. The Midbrain also contains the substantia nigra (red nucleus which is key components of the motor system.
The Pons is divided into two parts. The Dorsal Pons, which contains the Pneumatoxic and apneustic centers which control some aspects of breathing. The Ventral Pons is the relay point for neurons that run between the cerebral cortex and cerebellum.
Medulla Oblongata is the inferior form of the brainstem that includes nuclei that comprise the cardiac center. It controls heart rate and force of contraction. The vasomor or center controls blood pressure via the constriction dilation of blood vessels and respiratory center controls some aspects of bleeding. Other nuclei vomiting, sneezing, coughing, and swallowing. Hypothalamus sends instructions to medulla centers carry them out. |
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