Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Removing all microbial life
There are no degrees of Sterile, either sterile or not |
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Term
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Definition
| Removing pathogens from inanimate objects |
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Term
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Definition
| Removing pathogens from living tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Microbial death rate--effectiveness |
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Definition
Depends on: Number of microbes
Environment(org. matter, temp, biofilms)
Time of exposure
Microbes characteristics
PH |
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Term
| Actions of Microbial control Agents can do what to microbes? |
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Definition
Alter membrane permeability
Damage Proteins
Damage Nucleic acids
Alter cell membrane
Attack DNA to stop protein production |
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Term
| Thermal death point (TDP) |
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Definition
| lowest temperature at which all cells are killed in 10 min |
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Term
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Definition
| Time during which all cells are killed |
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Term
| Decimal reduction time (DRT) |
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Definition
| Minutes to kill 90% of a population at a given temp. |
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Term
| Moist heat sterilization--Example and what it does to cell? |
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Definition
Autoclave
Denatures proteins |
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Term
What is Pasteration? 3 Types and temps &time used
Drawback? |
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Definition
Reduces spoilage organisms and pathogens in liquids (Milk, Wine)
63 de Cel for 30 min
High temp short time 72 for 15sec
Ultra High (flash) 140 for <1sec
Doesnt kill Thermoduric organisms (spores) |
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Term
What does dry heat sterilization do?
Examples |
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Definition
Kills by oxidation
Dry heat (Oven)
Flaming (loop in lab)
Incineration (burning your neighbor in a fire)
Hot air sterilization |
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Term
HEPA filter
membrane filtration |
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Definition
High efficiency particle removes microbes >.3um
>.22 um |
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Term
Physicl methods of microbial control
Low temp inhibits microbial growth
High temp
Desiccation
Osmatic Pressure |
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Definition
--
--
Denatures proteins
Prevents metabolism
causes plasmolysis |
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Term
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Definition
Ionizing(xrays,gamma,) Damages DNA
Nonionizing (UV) Damages DNA
Microwaves kill by heat uses water in cell |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Hexachlorophene, triclosan(Dial soap)
Disrupts plasma membrane |
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Term
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Definition
Chlorhexidine
Disrupts plasma membrane |
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Term
Halogens
Tinctures
Iodophors
Alter protein synthesis and membrane
Chlorine
Bleach-
Chloramine-Clorine+ ammonia
Oxidizing agents |
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Definition
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Term
Alcohol (organic solvents)
Ethanol, isopropanol
what is more effective 100% or 75% alcohol and why |
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Definition
Denatures proteins, dissolves lipids
75% because 100% evaporates too quickly |
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Term
| what is Oligodynamic action |
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Definition
Ability of certain metals to prevent growth of microbes (denatures proteins)
stainless steel
silver
mercury
copper |
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Term
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Definition
Prevent endospore germination
used in bacon , lunch meats--cause cancer |
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Term
| Antibiotics used in food production and what they do> |
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Definition
Nisin & Natamycin
prevent spoilage
Doesnt go past stomach-acids break it down |
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Term
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Definition
Inactivate proteins by cross linking with functional groups (_NH2, _oH, -COOH, -SH)
Used for medical equipment |
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Term
| Gaseous Srerilants (Ethylene Oxide) do what and are used why? |
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Definition
Denatre proteins
Used on heat sensitive material like plastic |
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Term
| List microorganisms resistance to biocides |
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Definition
Endospores of bacteria
Mycobacteria
Gram - Bacteria
Viruses (w/o envelope)
Gram + Bacteria
Viruses with lipid envelope |
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